HBA Global  has announced the finalists of its Annual International Package Design Awards (IPDA).  The IPDA Finalists will be displayed during the HBA Global Expo & Conference, June 18-20, 2013 at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center in New York.   The IPDA Winners will be announced on Wednesday, June 19th by a celebrity presenter during an awards reception in the IPDA Showcase open to all HBA attendees.

The HBA IPDA received entries from major brands, niche players and indie companies from all over the world.

A Judging Committee of designers, packaging executives, brand experts, and media voted on the impressive packaging projects for the final selection.   Some of the comments about this year’s finalists included:  “great concept”  “good design consistency” “breakthrough graphics” “clean contemporary design;”   and “innovative product delivery system.”
The 2013 HBA IPDA Finalists in 13 Categories are:

COSMETICS MASS

•Bronze Booster Glow-Boosting Shimmer Veil by Physicians Formula Inc.; submitted by Physicians Formula Holding Inc.

•FLOWER Lip Service Lip Butter by FLOWER Beauty; submitted by Maesa

•Telescopic Shocking Extensions Mascara by L’Oréal Paris; submitted by L’Oréal Paris

•The Curve by NYX Cosmetics; submitted by NYX Cosmetics

COSMETICS PRESTIGE

•HD Dual Sided Brush 110, 120, 130 and 140 by Japonesque; submitted by Anisa International

•NAKED Skin Weightless Ultra Definition Liquid Makeup by Urban Decay; submitted by Alison Brod Public Relations

•Peak Performance Mascara by Pop Beauty; submitted by Pop Beauty

•Stila Snow Angel Color Palette by Stila; submitted by Stila

•Winks by Georgie by Georgie Beauty; submitted by Georgie Beauty

FRAGRANCE MASS

•Ambre Noir Eau de Toilette for Men by Yves Rocher; submitted by Yves Rocher North America Inc.

•Beauty Red by Esika; submitted by Belcorp

•FLIGHT Sport by Michael Jordan by Five Star Fragrance; submitted by Siren Public Relations, Inc.

•Royal Copenhagen 1775 by Five Star Fragrance Company, Inc.; submitted by Five Star Fragrance Company, Inc.

FRAGRANCE PRESTIGE

•Bond No. 9 Central Park South by Bond No. 9 New York; submitted by Alison Brod Public Relations

•Forsaken True Blood Eau de Parfume by Forsaken LLC; submitted by Virtue Development Company

•Sephora’s Beautiful Story by Sephora; submitted by Vivabox USA & Canada

•Tom Binns for Lisa Hoffman Beauty Fine Fragrance Jewelry by Lisa Hoffman Beauty/Tom Binns; submitted by Lisa Hoffman Beauty

HAIR CARE

•Aqua Net Hairspray by Lornamead Inc.; submitted by The Goldstein Group

• L’Oréal Paris Advanced Haircare by L’Oréal Paris; submitted by L’Oréal USA

•NEVO by Pravana; submitted by Pierce Mattie Communications

•Show Beauty by Maesa; submitted by Maesa

•Toppik Starter Kit by Scott-Vincent Borba; submitted by Blue Sky Marketing Communications

INNOVATIONS IN SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING

•Divine Desire MAC Holiday Clutch by MAC; submitted by MG New York

•Eclos by Freeman Beauty; submitted by Viva Healthcare Packaging

•EcoTools by EcoTools; submitted by Paris Presents Inc.

•Jing Ai Sierra Glow Duo by Jing Ai; submitted by Jing Ai

•Stila for E! Live from the Red Carpet™ Solar Illuminated Refillable Compact and Powder Duo by Stila for E! Live from the Red Carpet ™; submitted by Stila

PERSONAL CARE MASS

•Dove Men + Care Face Care and Shaving by Unilever – Dove; submitted by Raison Pure NYC

•Monsters University 3-in-1 Body Wash by MZB Accessories; submitted by MZB Accessories

•Seventh Generation Body Wash and Sensitive Care Lotion by Seventh Generation; submitted by TricorBraun

•Strong Nutrients by Strong Nutrients; submitted by Pearlfisher

PERSONAL CARE PRESTIGE

•Another Place by Watergate Bay Hotel; submitted by Pearlfisher

• Maine Beach Organic Olive Oil Body Care Range by Cocco Corporation; submitted by Harcus Design

• MDSolarSciences™ by MDSolarSciences™; submitted by MediaCraft

•Victoria’s Secret SEDUCTION, No. 1 Dark Orchid Fragrance Mist by Victoria’s Secret; submitted by VPI

SAMPLING/TRAVEL SIZE PACKAGING

• ARTISTRY Intensive Skincare 14 Night Restore Program by Amway; submitted by PKG GROUP

•Botanist’s Travel Sprays by Ineke; submitted by Ineke LLC

•HOMMAGE Skincare Travel Capsules by HOMMAGE; submitted by Hommage

•Silkening Power Infusion by Aquage; submitted by SalonQuest, LLC

SKIN CARE MASS

•Fresh Effects by Olay; submitted by Procter & Gamble

•La Fresh Eco-Beauty Anti-Aging Face Cleanser Wipes by La Fresh Group, Inc.; submitted by Diamond Wipes International, Inc.

•Oceana by Procter & Gamble; submitted by Landor

•Youth Code Texture Perfector Day/Night Cream by L’Oréal Paris; submitted by L’Oréal Paris

SKIN CARE PRESTIGE

•Caudalie by Caudalie; submitted by Raison Pure NYC

•CLAYSPRAY by PHARMACLAY DELIVERY SYSTEM, SL; submitted by PHARMACLAY DELIVERY SYSTEM, SL

•Exuviance Targeted Filler T5 by NEOSTRATA; submitted by PKG GROUP

•FIRMX Firming Night Moisturizer by Peter Thomas Roth; submitted by Peter Thomas Roth

•Tresor Rare Skin Care by Dead Sea Premier cosmetics laboratories ltd; submitted by Dead Sea Premier cosmetics laboratories ltd

SKIN CARE PRODUCT LINES

•GOLDFADEN MD by Nadia Yousif for Goldfaden MD; submitted by Creative Media Marketing

•Miracle 10 by Miracle 10; submitted by Miracle 10 Cosmetics

•Regenerist, White Radiance and Aqua Action by Olay; submitted by Procter & Gamble

•SolScents by SolScents; submitted by Berlin Packaging / Studio One Eleven

TOOLS AND AT-HOME DEVICES

•AKI by Paul Brown Hawaii Marketing Inc.; submitted by Paul Brown Hawaii

•LightStim for Wrinkles by LightStim International, Inc; submitted by Behrman Communications

•MACRO Exfoliator by Rodan + Fields Dermatologists; submitted by Rodan + Fields Dermatologists

•Riiviva Microderm by Creative Media Marketing; submitted by Creative Media Marketing

•Tria Beauty by Tria Beauty; submitted by Pearlfisher

To view photos of the 2013 IPDA Finalists go to:

http:/www.hbaexpo.com/ipda/2013-hba-ipda-finalists

Visit http://www.hbaexpo.com for more information and to register for the HBA Global Event and see the IPDA Finalists up close and personal.

“On behalf of the American Cleaning Institute, I want to express our deepest condolences to the family, friends, staff and constituents of Sen. Frank Lautenberg. Our thoughts and prayers will be with all of them in the days and weeks to come.

We know that he was very passionate about modernizing our nation’s chemical safety laws. It is gratifying to know that that he was able to see bipartisan legislation introduced that represents a real breakthrough after many years of discussion.

It is our hope that we will find ways to honor his memory and his legacy on this issue in the months to come.”

• Require Safety Evaluations for All Chemicals;
• Protect Public Health from Unsafe Chemicals;
• Prioritize Chemicals for Review;
• Screen New Chemicals for Safety
• Secure Necessary Health and Safety Information;
• Promote Innovation and Safer Chemistry; and
• Protect Children and Pregnant Women.

Industry praised Lautenberg’s TSCA reform efforts, noting that if the Senator hadn’t supported the measure, co-sponsored by Senator David Vitter (R-LA), it never would have garnered widespread support in the Senate. In a statement, the Consumer Specialty Products Association said:

“Senator Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ) served in the US Senate with integrity, passion and commitment in all things, but none more so than his call to strengthen national policies to protect public health and advance chemical safety. The Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA) has been fortunate to have worked closely with him over the past five years on TSCA reform. We are saddened by his passing but know that his legacy is strong and will continue to provide leadership for others who follow.”

Winners will be announced Tuesday, June 18 at the exclusive awards ceremony, after careful consideration by five renowned judges and experts from the beauty, design, and marketing industries. Judges include Ron Robinson, former cosmetic chemist and founder of BeautyStat.com; Maria Corbiscello, president of creative beauty concept firm Studio MC²; Jerome Bérard of Bérard Associates strategic thinking consultants, David Lyon, creative design and brand strategist at Syntax NYC, and Laura Kenney, editor in chief of YouBeauty.com, the first science-based beauty and wellness site.

President of L’Oréal, Luxury Products Division, and beauty industry leader, Carol Hamilton will deliver the keynote address at this illustrious event. ICMAD offers congratulations to all the finalists.

The 2013 ICMAD Cosmetic Innovator of the Year (CITY) Award Finalists include:

Product Innovation

• Product Color Cosmetic:
  • DePasquale/Beauty ADDICTS ShowOFF Mascara
  • NYX Cosmetics Wonder Pencil
  • Forsythe/Solar Club Ruby Wing Spring Garden
  • Product Skincare Face:
    • Atlantic Coast Media-Hydroxatone- Hydrolyze Intensive Under Eye Treatment
    • Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare Ferulic + Retinol Triple Correction Eye Serum
    • IT Cosmetics No. 50 Serum Anti-Aging Collagen Veil Primer
    • Product Bath & Body:
      • Daily Concepts/ Industrias T.TAIO LLC Daily Concepts
      • IT Cosmetics Heavenly Luxe Mega Fan Body Brush
      • Suki Body Sensitive Cleansing Bar
      • Product Fragrance:
        • Groupe Trapeze Callas LaDivine
        • Intertrade Europe Eight & Bob
        • Royal Apothic Conservatories Interior Perfumes
        • Product Haircare:
          • Oribe Haircare Gold Lust
          • Tangle Teezer LTD Aqua Splash
          • Thermafuse Amino Express

Package Design Innovation

• Color Cosmetics:
  • Blinc Ultrathin Eyeliner Pen
  • IT Cosmetics Tightline Full Lash Length Black Primer with Skinny Wand
  • NYX Cosmetics The Curve
  • Package Skincare Face:
    • eos Products Alice in Wonderland Lip Balm Trio
    • GlamGlow Supermud
    • IT Cosmetics Bye Bye Redness Color Correcting Cream with Stand & Brush
    • Package Bath, Body and Haircare:
      • DePasquale/ECRU Travel Hair Dryer
      • KVG Group Inc/ Footlogix Pediceuticals
      • Thymes Temple Tree Jasmine Body Lotion
      • Package Fragrance:
        • Royal Apothic Conservatories Botanical Fragrances
        • Intertrade Europe Eight & Bob
        • Intertrade Europe AGONIST

Marketing/Advertising Innovation

• Print:
  • CIS Not a Time of Loss
  • Good for You Girls
  • Social Media:
    • NYX Cosmetics 2012 NYX Face Award
    • Jane Iredale What Makes You Grow
    • DePasquale Beauty ADDICTS Blogger Outreach Campaign
    • Grass Roots Marketing:
      • Amazing Cosmetics Even More Shady
      • DePasquale/ECRU New York Cross Promotion Campaign
      • The Elixery Dessa Lipstick

ICMAD created the coveted “Cosmetic Innovator of the Year” prize nine years ago to recognize small companies who are creating revolutionary new skin, makeup, hair, and fragrance products and put them on even ground to compete with large multinationals. The CITY Awards “Cosmetic Innovator of The Year” honors standout global products that have advanced their categories and gives them a prestigious platform to launch to wider acclaim. Judged by an esteemed panel of expert industry insiders and media editors, past winners include breakout companies like IT Cosmetics, Murad Skin Care, and NYX Cosmetics.

http://www.icmad.org/

“Coming off the wave of 2011, one of the most robust sales periods in over a decade for the beauty industry, 2012 has shown some great highs, along with some modest lows,” said Karen Grant, VP & Senior Global Industry Analyst, The NPD Group. All of the U.S. prestige beauty categories posted healthy growth. Prestige skincare sold in U.S. department stores generated the largest growth at 10%, followed by makeup at 7% and fragrance at 5%, compared to 2011.

“Even though consumer confidence continues to waver, there is momentum at both ends of the price and product spectrum. In 2012, along with smaller categories in beauty, we are seeing investment spending on premium-priced makeup, skincare and fragrance, as well as premium-priced sets, which lead in growth once again. Even in Europe, where the economic environment is more challenging, the major premium-priced category—fragrance—was positive. Premium-priced products remain one of the brightest spots in beauty and will continue to carve out market share across all categories and geographies in 2013,” said Grant. In addition, the U.S. Food/Drug/Mass channel experienced a nearly 3% increase in sales for total beauty in 2012, versus 2011. Makeup sales posted the biggest increase at 5%, followed by skincare at 3%, while fragrance sales declined 4% in dollar sales, compared to 2011. In National Chain stores, fragrance sales grew 7%.

“In the U.S., although we have seen some tempering in sales performance, compared to 2011, growth remains positive for both the prestige and mass channels. The trend of prestige beauty outpacing mass beauty continues to be evident since the recessionary period of 2009 and will likely continue into 2013,” concluded Grant.

For skin & hair…
Putting on its best face, the total U.S. cosmetics and toiletries market continues to perform well, posting 3.4% growth in 2012, with sales signifying success for both key and niche industry players, according to the recently published Cosmetics & Toiletries USA from global consulting and research firm Kline & Co.

Such a niche player is Elemis—the luxury British spa and skincare brand—who launched Pro-Intense Lift Effect , a new skin care serum with “remodeling effects” for sagging cheeks and jowls. According to Noella Gabriel, Director of Elemis Product & Treatment Development, as skin ages, there is a need to target the dermal-epidermal junction where skin loses density and starts to sag around the cheeks and jowls. Elemis targets this specific skincare concern with a formulation utilizing a high-tech natural extract of Lupin that is clinically proven to reduce the depth of jowls and tighten the skin, said Gabriel. The product is packaged in Lumson’s TAG system.

Estée Lauder Perfectly Clean Triple-Action Cleanser/Toner/Makeup Remover functions as three products in one. The multi-action formula provides cleansing, long-wear makeup removal and toning benefits. The airy, foam cleanser transforms in to a silky oil that glides easily across dry skin and rinses away to leave skin comforted and clean.

The newly improved OXY Daily Defense Facial Cleanser is a clear, oil-free, invigorating gel gentle enough for everyday. It strips away dirt and oil while it unclogs pores and helps reduce redness. It contains 2% salicylic acid and is dermatologist tested for everyday maintenance to treat acne-prone skin and help prevent breakouts.

Latvia-based company Helen Herber has launched a new range of Shower Gels formulated to gently cleanse, moisturize and protect skin. Scents include Rose, Melon, Sweet Plum, Coffee and Cornflower. Helen Herber Shower Gels contain natural ingredients, and the company’s laboratory and manufacturing complex has been certified in accordance with ISO 22716 and HACCP standards, while the raw materials have obtained ECOCERT certification. Packaging is from M&H Plastics.

New Lysol Touch of Foam hand wash with dual effect is soft on skin and hard on germs. The thick, rich, creamy lather works on contact to kill 99.9% of germs, while moisturizer enriched micro-bubbles leave skin feeling soft and comfortable after every wash. It comes in three scents: Creamy Vanilla Orchid, Rose & Cherry in Bloom and Wild Berry Bliss.

The TRESemmé Keratin Smooth Collection transforms hair from root to tip, allowing controlled and salon-smooth results at home. TRESemmé Keratin Smooth Keratin Infusing Heat Protection & Shine Spray helps shield hair from the damaging effects of heat styling. TRESemmé Keratin Smooth Keratin Infusing Serum weightlessly helps eliminate frizz and seals in shine for a polished, smooth shine. TRESemmé Platinum Strength Strengthening Heat Protect Spray protects hair against the damaging effects of heat styling including breakage, dryness and frizz.

Dry shampoo still in demand
A shower is no longer necessary when it’s time to suds up hair, according to market research firm Mintel, whose Global New Products Database (GNPD) found that in 2008, dry shampoo introductions accounted for just 1% of global shampoo launch activity, but by 2012, the segment captured 3% of the category and 2013 is on track to surpass 2012 levels.

Although availability of dry shampoos is widely accessible, consumer uptake remains relatively low. Sixteen percent of U.S. adults report some usage of a dry shampoo in the last year. Across the Big Five European markets (UK, Spain, France, Germany and Italy), usage is relatively similar to that of the U.S., but peaks in the UK, where nearly a quarter (23%) of women are engaged in the segment.

Convenience is a compelling attribute for consumers and plays a definite part in their hair care product purchases. Nearly one in five (17%) women in the UK use dry shampoo when they don’t have time to wash their hair, and although this sentiment is less widely shared among the remaining Big Five European countries (only 5% of women), it identifies an important consideration for manufacturers, said Mintel.

Manufacturers have responded to consumers’ preferences by incorporating convenient attributes into their dry shampoo product launches. The time/speed claim has been present in 53% of dry shampoos launched since 2009, making it not only the most frequently used claim in the segment, but also one of the fastest growing, according to Mintel’s GNPD.

Beauty enhancing claims are becoming more commonplace in the dry shampoo category and have been present in 19% of global introductions since 2009. Brightening and illuminating benefits have posted the most significant growth, with introductions more than doubling 220% between 2009 and 2011. In addition, more than half (53%) of U.S women find shampoo and conditioner fragrance to be an important characteristic.

Dry Shampoo by New York Streets is formulated to bring life back into oily hair for the girl on the go. Inspired by busy trendsetters, the product offers a clean, odor-free, voluminous look, according to the company. It can be thrown into a gym bag for a post-workout pick-me-up or added to roots for a burst of volume. Multi-functional Dry Shampoo is suitable for all hair colors and leaves no white residue on brunette hair.

New Garnier Fructis Volume Extend Instant Bodifier Dry Shampoo, with a blend of orange citrus and grape extract, immediately refreshes lifeless locks for a full 24 hours, according to the company. The product is sprayed into flat hair and combed or brushed through to absorb oil and eliminate weight.

RUSK has two new additions to its Deepshine Color Care collection—Deepshine Color Care Invisible Dry Shampoo and Deepshine Lock-In Treatment. Launched this month, the at-home, color-care styling formulations are designed to extend time between colorings by protecting against the three main causes of color fade: wash out, sun damage and thermal styling. Both products are developed with ChromAveil, a patented, UV protection technology that helps preserve chemically-colored and natural hair color, as well as a Marine Nutrient Complex.

Deepshine Color Care Invisible Dry Shampoo instantly cleanses and revives hair between shampoos by absorbing excess oil and odor with a talc-free formula that is invisible when applied and leaves behind a fresh, clean scent. Deepshine Color Care Lock-In Treatment nourishes and conditions hair while extending time between colorings. The alcohol-free formula features Glycolic Acid to help strengthen hair, defend against breakage and improve manageability; Vitamin E and Pro-Vitamin B5 to protect and repair, and Amodimethicone to defend hair from environmental stressors while facilitating wet/dry combing and offering anti-static protection and enhanced shine.

Separating the men from the boys
Over nine in 10 men use some sort of grooming products today, such as skin care (facial and body), shaving, hair care and fragrance. The men’s grooming industry generated $964 million in U.S. department store sales in 2011, an increase of 11%, compared to 2010, according to market research firm The NPD Group’s Men’s Grooming Consumer Report. Facial cleansers (excluding bar soap), facial lotions/moisturizers and lip products are the most commonly used products among male facial skincare users. Men’s facial skin care grew 11% in dollars in 2011.

“Men have become increasingly conscious of the perks associated with looking good,” said Karen Grant of The NPD Group. “They have a heightened awareness that looking good may provide them an advantage in the workplace as well as in their personal lives.”
“Men have different skin than women and the men’s grooming brands need to continue educating them, as well as make them feel comfortable in the shopping environment to gain sales in this category,” Grant added. According to The NPD Group, facial skin care product users are more likely to be ethnic men and men aged 18-34.

John Masters Organics introduced the new Men’s Eucalyptus & Agave 2-in-1 Face Wash & Shave Foam to combine the daily cleansing and shaving routine into one simple process. Using a host of organic ingredients, the rich foam rinses away easily and leaves skin feeling smooth and refreshed with the light scent of eucalyptus and lavender. The foam is lightweight, making it a suitable consistency for both shaving and cleansing.

Cooling and antibacterial, the organic eucalyptus oil’s aromatherapeutic properties stimulate while lavender essential oil balances and calms skin. Naturally anti-inflammatory and antiseptic, witch hazel leaf water and willow bark extract work to protect and soothe the irritation that commonly occurs after shaving. Aloe vera leaf juice and agave leaf extract create a barrier that locks in moisture while promoting collagen production and skin renewal. Prickly pear soothes, organic algae and rice extracts firm and moisturize, while gotu kola acts as a wound healer to help prevent fine lines and wrinkles.

Gold Bond Ultimate Hydrating Men’s Essentials Lotion offers everyday moisturizing for body, hands and face. The formula is non-greasy, long-lasting, has a light, neutral fresh scent and is suitable for preventative daily use. The package uses a EuroFlow lotion pump from Aptar.

Edge has launched Edge Ultimate Shave Gel from Energizer contains an anti-irritation agent to soothe, moisturize, protect, cleanse, and soften. It’s available in three scents: Ultimate Achiever, Ultimate Contender and Ultimate Magnet.

New Aveeno Active Naturals Men’s Shave Gel  is specially formulated for men’s skin care and shaving needs. Used in combination with other Aveeno Naturals Men’s products, the fragrance-free shave gel can help calm, moisturize and protect skin, as well as help prevent razor irritation and bumps. The rich, lubricating shave gel, formulated with colloidal oatmeal, is suitable for sensitive or irritated skin. A special blend of moisturizers helps reduce dryness. The product’s formulation is protected in a BOV system and gel spout from Aptar.

Dial’s Right Guard Sport Antiperspirant & Deodorant in a fresh scent aerosol offers “3D odor defense.” Its sweat and odor blockers have 100% more odor blocks than before, according to the company, offers 24 hour protection and dries on contact.

Fragrance for all…
Fragrances for men and women have been around for centuries, but more marketers are now targeting alternate age groups to grow sales.

For women, fashion accessories leader Coach, in conjunction with Estée Lauder, is rolling out Coach Love, a floral “to match the romantic side of a woman’s personality.” The fragrance is the third from Coach and has top notes of mandarin, dewberry, green violet and freesia, with a heart of magnolia, jasmine and gardenia, and a dry down of sandalwood, patchouli, vanilla, caramel and musk. Coach Love EDP is available in three sizes: 1oz, 1.7oz and 3.4oz, as well as a 5oz body lotion and 5oz shower gel. The scent was developed by Firmenich.

Baldessarini launched new fragrance Secret Mission for men. The head notes open with a blend of bergamot, basil and fresh cypress. The heart consists of cardamom, geranium leaves and lavender, with a base note of cedar wood, warm musk and Oriental oud wood. The composition was created in cooperation with IFF.

For Tweens, the Cupcake Me line from Brazil’s L’acqua di Fiori represents the sweet side of life with two 100ml fragrances inspired by the American cupcake. Napolitano Chic has initial notes of cherry, vanilla and grapefruit. The body has notes of lavender and jasmine with a touch of condensed milk and, finally, strawberry, sandalwood and sweet chords. Caramelo Divertido has initial notes of bergamot, orange and caramel. The body has the lightness of jasmine, geranium and lily of the valley and, finally, musk, sandalwood and patchouli. The red cherry-shaped cap was created using DuPont Surlyn. SPRAY

Safety Data Sheets

Training Requirements 

Labels and Pictograms

Unfortunately, (as we go to press) OSHA still has not provided guidance on the issue of Hazards Not Otherwise Classified (HNOCs), one of the most difficult issues in Hazcom 2012. Let’s hope guidance is coming soon.
After studying the three briefs, here are our 10 biggest take-aways:

1. Ingredient concentrations on SDSs should be given as exact percentages.
The guidance document gives three exceptions to that rule:

• When trade secret status is claimed.
• There are variations within batches of the same product.
• The SDS is used for multiple products that have “substantially similar mixtures.”

This approach is significantly different than the existing Canadian approach, where the use of percentage ranges is encouraged. I would not be surprised if OSHA further clarifies this point, as it will make it difficult to have harmonized Canadian and U.S. documents.

2. Pictograms do not need to appear on SDSs.
An indication of the appropriate pictograms must appear on Section 2 of the SDS. However, this does not have to be the full pictogram including the red border. A black and white symbol can appear, or simply the name of the symbol.

3. PELs must appear on Section 8 of the SDS.
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits (PELS) must appear alongside American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and “any other exposure limit used or recommended by the chemical manufacturer, importer, or employer preparing the safety data sheet, where available.”

4. SDSs can be stored electronically, but…
Nothing new, but a nice reminder. If SDSs are stored electronically, “employees have immediate access to the information without leaving their work area when needed and a back-up is available for rapid access…”

5. No blank red diamonds may appear on labels.
This has been well known for some time, but there was hope that OSHA would loosen this restriction. They have not.

6. Training must be done in a manner employees understand.
Workplaces have until December 1, 2013 to train employees on the new standard. The English language ability of the employee needs to be taken into account, along with their literacy level, when designing a training program.

7. Unknown acute toxic ingredients must be listed on the label.
Any ingredient of a 1% or higher concentration that is in the mixture and is of unknown acute toxicity must be listed on the label.

8. The environmental pictogram can appear on the label.
It was helpful for OSHA to confirm this, as it aids in harmonization with EU products.

9. Workplace vs. Transport label distinction.
A tricky issue for manufacturers is when to put a transportation label on a package vs. when to put an industrial label on a package. The rules as they currently stand are as follows:

“Those labels must be on the external part of a shipped container and must meet the Dept. of Transportation (DOT) requirements set forth in 49 CFR 172, Subpart E. If a label has a DOT transport pictogram, Appendix C.2.3.3 states that the corresponding HCS pictogram shall not appear.”

This poses problems for shipments from countries where the non-transportation pictograms (that is, the HCS pictograms) appear on the shipping label. OSHA has recognized this and will be changing the rules:

“However, DOT does not view the HCS pictogram as a conflict and for some international trade both pictograms may need to be present on the label. Therefore, OSHA intends to revise C.2.3.3. In the meantime, the agency will allow both DOT and Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) pictograms for the same hazard on a label. While the DOT diamond label is required for all hazardous chemicals on the outside shipping containers, chemicals in smaller containers inside the larger shipped container do not require the DOT diamond but do require the OSHA pictograms.”

10. HMIS and NFPA can appear on labels.
There were some concerns when Hazcom 2012 was introduced that there would be confusion between the GHS-based Hazcom 2012 rules and NFPA and HMIS. Under GHS, a higher category number represents a lower hazard (e.g. Acute Toxicity 2 is a higher hazard than Acute Toxicity 3), while under NFPA and HMIS, lower numbers are associated with weaker hazards.

Employers are still permitted to show the National Fire protection Association (NFPA) and Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) information on labels, so long as employees are trained and “fully aware of the hazards of the chemicals used.”

We will await additional guidance from OSHA. We are also still waiting for the draft regulation of the Canadian implementation of GHS. I have been told by Ottawa to expect the new rules “in weeks, not months,” but I will believe it when I see it. SPRAY

Corrosion is often thought to be a very simple process. However, most types of corrosion are very complex, multiple step processes. For example, the equation for corrosion of aluminum in hydrochloric acid is:

The equation is straight forward—aluminum metal comes into contact with hydrogen ions (from the hydrochloric acid); aluminum corrodes and hydrogen gas is formed.

However, the actual process for corrosion of an uncoated metal by hydrochloric acid (i.e., hydrogen ions) is a complex, multi-step process:

1. Hydrogen ions diffuse from the bulk solution to the metal surface
2. Hydrogen ions displace adsorbed water molecules on the metal surface—water molecules must de-adsorb to give hydrogen ions access to the metal
3. Hydrogen ions adsorb on the metal surface
4. Hydrogen ions remove electrons from the metal to form hydrogen atoms
5. Hydrogen atoms move over the metal surface (diffuse) to find other hydrogen atoms
6. Two hydrogen atoms combine to form a hydrogen molecule
7. Hydrogen molecules combine to form gas bubbles (also a multi-step process)
8. Hydrogen gas bubbles de-adsorb from the metal surface

The process continues until either all of the hydrogen ions or the metal is consumed. Most steps must be completed before the other could occur, and many of the steps have very rapid rates.

Some steps interact with others making the corrosion reaction much more than a first order reaction controlled by the chemical activation energy for the chemical portion of the reaction (metal atoms change to metal ions). Thus, increasing temperature does not speed-up the corrosion reaction rate as predicted by the Arrhenius law (increasing temperature by 20 degrees approximately doubles the reaction rate).

Corrosion could be sped-up or arrested at step. For example, stirring would increase the corrosion rate by a) removing hydrogen gas bubbles, b) increasing the amount of hydrogen ions that contact the metal surface and c) making sites for the exchange of electrons with hydrogen ions more readily available to other hydrogen ions. Adding a corrosion inhibitor could also block access of the hydrogen ions to the metal surface and slow or stop corrosion or inhibit or prevent electron transfer from the metal to the hydrogen ions.

The corrosion of coated metals is also often more complex than believed. For example, the corrosion of a coated aerosol container is not the result of holes in the coating.

Instead, water and formula ingredients create microscopic rivers through the container coating, and these rivers establish the fluid dynamics necessary for general and pitting corrosion under the coating. Thus, the steps involved with general and pitting corrosion under aerosol container coatings are:

1. Water and other formula ingredients diffuse from the bulk solution to the coated metal surface
2. Water and other formula ingredients absorb onto the coating surface
3. Water and other formula ingredients diffuse into and through the coating
4. Continued diffusion of water and other formula ingredients forms microscopic rivers through the coating
5. Water and formula ingredients break coating-metal bonds
6. Water and other formula ingredients adsorb on the metal surface under the coating, wherever coating-metal bonds are broken or there are voids at the coating-metal interface
7. Accumulation of water and other formula ingredients continues causing:
   1.  Increasing amounts of coating disbonding from the metal (breaking coating-metal bonds)
   2.  Initiation of general corrosion
   3.  Initiation of pitting corrosion
8. The area of degraded coating continues to spread
9. Pitting corrosion initiates when the area of degraded coating is large enough to support a pitting corrosion rate
10. Metal ions from corrosion diffuse out of the coating
11. Note: the diffusion of metal ions creates a counter current flow of
    1.  Metal ions out of the coating
    2.  Water; formula ingredients and ions into the coating.
12. Pits continue to grow under the coating until they perforate the container metal

Corrosion inhibitors could also arrest or prevent corrosion under coatings and laminate films. Increasing coating thickness is typically only effective when the coating thickness is increased by a very large amount, such as increases in coating thickness from four microns to 152 microns.

Higher temperatures could be above the glass transition temperature for the wet polymer or laminate film and produce both polymer corrosion and metal corrosion under the polymer that would not normally occur at room temperature.

In summary:

1. Metal and polymer corrosion is a complex process and corrosion problems are often not solved with simple solutions.
2. Increasing temperature does not typically increase metal and polymer corrosion because the complexity of the corrosion process invalidates the applicability of the Arrhenius law for metal and polymer corrosion—in other words, increasing temperature does not increase metal and polymer corrosion rates.

California Air Resources Board (CARB) issues remain the topic of the industry. On April 24,
CARB staff held a workshop to discuss amendments to the Consumer Products VOC regulation. CARB amendments to volatile organic compounds (VOC) standards are focused on two product categories: Aerosol Coatings and Aerosol Adhesives.

Remember, most of the Specialty Coating limits were capped at the highest levels that were reported. They are proposed to be effective on 1/1/2015. Other Specialty Coatings Categories were added at relatively high levels as well; the proposed effective date is 1/1/2017. One major change is that every aerosol coating will be included in this regulation unless specifically exempted.

This means that if your product meets the definition of an aerosol coating, then the product needs to be placed in one of the categories. Make sure if the product is a specialty coating that the product displays claims only for that category or the product will be subject to the Most Restrictive limit provision.

In addition, numerous definitions were added into the Aerosol Coating regulations such as Resin, Coating Solid etc. Again, please review this regulation.

Remember, all other Specialty Adhesives are unchanged. These limits are very low; however, CARB states that these limits are technologically feasible.

The big news is that CARB staff has significantly modified their proposal to remove the changes to the LVP-VOC definition. This is a welcome change. Industry was concerned with any changes to the LVP-VOC definition until the scientific studies have been completed. In March 2013, CARB Executive Board voted to consider studies on the LVP-VOC topic. Later in May 2013, CARB Scientific Committee reviewed the proposal on the LVP-VOC research. The Executive Board will likely vote in June to approve work on these studies. Again, this was a significant and positive change to the proposal. Scientific research on the LVP-VOC issue is needed before any changes should be made.

In addition, changes to the Multi-purpose Solvent and Paint Thinner categories were made. The changes affects how these two product categories can be sold in the South Coast Air Quality Management District only. This is consistent with the District Rule 1143. In addition, a 10% limit has been proposed for Aerosol Multi-purpose Solvents and Paint Thinners.
Other changes worth noting:
• Change to General Purpose Degreaser definition.
• Definitions added for Specialty Purpose Cleaners and Special Purpose Degreaser.
• Proposal for HFO-1234ze to be added as a VOC exempt compound.
• Changes to Hair Finishing Spray and Hair Styling Spray definitions.
• 10% VOC limit for Multi-purpose Lubricant proposed delay from 12/31/2015 to 2/31/2018.

I encourage everyone to review the Consumer Product Regulation and the Aerosol Coating regulation to ensure that none of the changes have an adverse effect on your products. The proposed changes can be found at http://www.arb.ca.gov/consprod/regact/2013/2013ra.htm.

Lastly, CARB has delayed this rule adoption until September 26–27, 2013. This means that the official proposal will not be released until July 2013 for a 45-day comment period.

Other upcoming meetings
• Ozone Transport Commission (OTC), June 13, 2013, New Haven, CT
• Natural Conference on Weights & Measures (NCWM), July 14–18, 2013, Louisville, KY Spray

However, in the past two weeks, I’ve had four phone calls from as many clients who had cargo delayed en route as a result of a misinterpretation of the requirements by the carrier or a regulatory authority. In three of the four cases, the carrier or regulatory agency erred and delayed the cargo unnecessarily. In the last of the four cases, the agency even initiated a civil penalty action against the shipper and issued a Letter of Investigation (LOI), demanding production of additional documents, including Bills of Lading, Safety Data Sheets and training records.

In this most recent case, the regulatory agency charged the “offending party” with a violation of the HMR because the hazard warning label was not placed on the package in a diamond or square-on-point configuration. The LOI stated that the “offending party…was found to have the class 9 label improperly placed on the box. It was placed at a 90 degree angle instead of a 45 degree angle as required….”

However, it is interesting to note that the very same agency issued a Letter of Interpretation several years prior which very clearly states that “…while it is the intent of these regulations that a label be oriented square-on-point when possible, the requirements in 49 CFR…and the…ICAO Technical Instructions do not prohibit the placement of hazard warning labels in an orientation where the square-on-point is located with its flat sides parallel to the package.”
It appears that even the regulatory agents are having difficulty interpreting the HMR!

Interpretations Library
In cases where there is a difference of interpretation, a frustrated shipment or even a civil penalty action, I have found it most useful to consult the U.S. Dept. of Transportation’s Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) website www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/regs/interps to research their extensive library of interpretations dating as far back as 1995.

There are several ways to conduct a search within this library: by date, by regulation or by keyword. The date search is not very useful (to be honest), but the regulation and keyword search are quite helpful. Of course, the regulation search function assumes that the user is familiar with the regulatory requirements and can recite both chapter and verse. The keyword search function will generate a list of links and provide a synopsis of each interpretation letter containing the keywords or phrase. A simple Boolean search will narrow the list of possible hits from 2,000 or more to a few dozen or less.

For example, I conducted a search in the last case using the terms “square on point” (without quotes) and the engine generated a list of 1,817 hits. I narrowed the search criteria by putting the term “square-on-point” in quotes (and included the hyphens) and produced 71 results. I then crafted a Boolean search using the following terms “ square-on-point” and “label” and generated a more manageable list of 28 results.

The DOT’s Interpretations Library is an excellent tool and can resolve some of the more difficult questions that shippers, carriers and forwarders may have.

Some Surprises
Of course, you may also be surprised while doing your research using this valuable resource.

For example, there is a little known interpretation of 49 CFR §172.602(b)((3) that requires emergency response information to be provided in a manner that is related to the information on a shipping paper. Shippers often provide only an emergency response telephone number on the shipping paper, thereby exposing them to a potential civil penalty for not providing the emergency response information as required by 49 CFR §172.602(a) and (b).

In their Letter of Interpretation, 12¬0259, PHMSA states that it “… has consistently held that the requirements of §172.602(a)(1) and §172.602(b)(3) are not met solely by entering the Guide page of the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) on the shipping paper in association with the listing of the hazardous material and attaching the Guide page to the shipping paper. PHMSA has stated that when an ERG Guide page, and not the entire ERG, is used, the Guide page must include the basic description and if applicable, the technical name of the hazardous material. PHMSA has further stated that if the entire ERG, not just an ERG Guide page, is present on the transport vehicle, the requirements of §172.602(a)(1) and§ 172.602(b)(3) are satisfied…Accordingly, if the emergency response information is provided in an ERG Guide page attached to the shipping paper, we require that the Guide page include the basic description and if applicable, the technical name of the hazardous material.”

Recommendations
Companies are strongly encourage to review the DOT’s Interpretations Library to find answers to some of their more difficult questions, or if, as in the case of four of my clients this month, shipments are delayed or frustrated.

In addition, companies are advised to also seek advice and counsel from the DOT’s HazMat InfoCenter at +1 (800)467-4922. Those not comfortable providing name and telephone number to the DOT may contact ShipMate at +1 (310) 370-3600. SPRAY

Prior to PEL, Bill Lueschen served as Manager, R&D at American Home Products, where he formulated aerosol products such as Wizard Air-Freshener, Easy-Off Oven Cleaner, Easy-On Starch and Woolite Rug Cleaner. He also held the patent for developing Pam Cooking Spray.

Lueschen was also a member of various committees of the Consumer Specialty Products Assn. (CSPA), and served as a board member of its Consumer Specialties Insurance affiliate. He is survived by his wife, Beverly, and his two sisters Bobby and Betty.

Lafley is taking on the roles of chairman, president and chief executive officer, effective immediately, while McDonald is set to retire on June 30 after 33 years at P&G.

The move comes as some investors have pushed for faster improvements from the maker of Tide detergent and Gillette razors. P&G unveiled a $10 billion restructuring program in February 2012. Since then, it has cut thousands of jobs and taken other steps to speed up its operations, improve its success with new products and do a better job in both fast-growing emerging markets and in larger, developed markets such as the United States.

“Bob retired, the board called me and I felt like duty called. I’m back to help maintain the business momentum and keep this productivity program going,” Lafley told Reuters.

There was no single reason for McDonald’s retirement, Lafley said. “I think it’s a number of personal reasons.”

McDonald, who had been Lafley’s hand-picked successor, was not made available for an interview.

While the suddenness of the change was a shock, the move to bring back Lafley was not, said Matt McCormick, a portfolio manager at Bahl & Gaynor Investment Counsel in Cincinnati.

“The board has a known quantity in Lafley. He knows everyone, he knows the systems, and now that Procter is on firmer footing, it expects Lafley to be able to push the company and its stock price higher,” said McCormick, whose firm invests more than $9.1 billion, with P&G as one of its biggest holdings.

Lafley, who will celebrate his 66th birthday in June, said P&G’s board asked him days, not weeks, ago to come back, but he did not say exactly when he got the call.

Lafley said he is “fully engaged” in coming back and wants to finish the work that has been started on the productivity program.

“65 is the new 45,” he joked, adding that he aims to build momentum at P&G by focusing on growth in emerging markets and innovation in brands and products.

Last summer, hedge fund Pershing Square Capital Management said it had a stake in P&G worth roughly $2 billion, or 1 percent of the company. CEO William Ackman, who has shaken up management at other companies, most recently J.C. Penney Co Inc (JCP.N), has blamed McDonald’s team for missteps.

However, Ackman’s pick for J.C. Penney, Ron Johnson, was ousted last month and replaced by his predecessor, Mike Ullman.

A Pershing representative was not immediately available for comment.

Lafley first joined Cincinnati-based P&G in 1977 and served as president and CEO from 2000 to 2009, when he handed the position over to McDonald. He stepped down as chairman in 2010.

“(P&G) wanted to bring someone back who knows the company well and can handle running it, both in the interim and to provide strategic guidance,” said David Larcker, director of Stanford University’s Rock Center for Corporate Governance.

“Reaching out to a successful past CEO can give the markets confidence, while still allowing time for a company to evaluate its strategy.”

P&G also stood by its fiscal year, ending June 30, and fourth-quarter guidance. For the fourth quarter, P&G said profit should fall to 69 cents to 77 cents per share, from 82 cents per share a year earlier.

Giorgio Aliprandi, President and General Manager Ball Aerocan Europe, has been elected as President of the International Organisation of Aluminium Aerosol Container Manufacturers (AEROBAL).

In his inaugural address Mr. Aliprandi said, “The global aluminium aerosol can industry is confidently taking up challenges such as the continuous need for product innovation and improved sustainability, increasing production capacities worldwide and rising regulatory demands. In close cooperation with suppliers and customers aluminium aerosol can producers will continue to develop striking can designs, reduce the industry’s environmental impact, guarantee regulatory compliance and open up new markets for aluminium aerosols to the benefit of the supply chain and the final consumer. Average growth rates of 7 percent since 2006 show that the aluminium aerosol can has been an extremely successful packaging format; and the industry is confident that this success story will go on.”

Total retail sales of sun care products grew 3.5% in 2012, according to market research firm Mintel. Combined, channels such as supercenters, dollar stores, specialty retailers and warehouse clubs account for the largest share of the market at 64.1%. Drug stores represent a 22.9% share of the sun protection and sunless tanner category, followed by supermarkets at 13%, although both retailers have seen little sales growth since 2010 and have lost share to other retail channels. 

According to Mintel’s analysis of Experian Simmons NCS/NCHS Spring 2012 data, 39% of consumers report using some sort of sun care product (including sunscreen, tanning and sunless tanners). Usage rates vary by gender with 49% of females reporting use of sun care, compared to only 29% of male respondents. Mintel’s consumer research suggests that sunscreen with SPF levels of 30-50 has the highest reported usage. However, the majority of consumers report only occasional sunscreen use, with daily reported use rates being very low. Sunscreen is still seen as a mostly seasonal product that only needs to be applied when spending a lot of time outdoors. Opportunities to increase usage and make sunscreen a part of daily grooming exist, especially given the health risks associated with continuous ultraviolet (UV) exposure.

More than half of sun care users report purchasing water resistant sun protection products. Sweat resistant formulas are also appealing, with more than one third of consumers reporting consistent use among both men and women. Products that stay on during swimming and sweating have appeal for active adults, regardless of gender, as well as kids and families that spend prolonged time outside.

Equaline Continuous Sunscreens use Coster bag-on-valves, while Fotosol Ultra, Rayito de Sol and Sun Natural Honey use both Coster BOVs and Serie 1800 standard actuators

The majority of consumers who use sun care report purchasing brand name products with that number being even higher among young women. While branded products dominate market share and sales, private label/store brands are big players in the sun protection category and have higher household penetration rates than seen with branded products.
Added skincare benefits, such as antioxidants and anti-aging ingredients, generate high reported interest among consumers, particularly women. As the lines between skincare and sun care continue to blur, it stands to reason that more sun care brands will offer skincare benefits in their products.

Additionally, sun protection products that contain natural ingredients generate the highest level of consumer interest. Brands are continuing to add natural sounding ingredients, such as aloe vera or green tea, to support sun protection benefits.

Aerosol and pump sprays are particularly popular with men, with males aged 35-54 expressing higher than average interest, most likely due to the convenience and ease of use provided by the packaging, according to Mintel.

As the aging population is expected to swell over the next five years, there are many opportunities to engage the older consumer, particularly as the long-term effects of the sun become more concerning with age. However, use of virtually all sun care products decreases with age, said Mintel, despite increased rates of developing melanoma among older consumers.

As skin cancer awareness campaigns continue to educate consumers, stressing the importance of cancer prevention and minimizing skin aging could potentially result in increased usage with this older consumer, beyond seasonal usage.

An Array of New Launches
Whether a sun worshipper or a daylight dodger, whether in the pool or on the courts, there is a product launched to fit your needs.

New this season is Neutrogena Beach Defense Sunscreen Spray Broad Spectrum SPF 30,
which provides beach strength broad spectrum UVA/UVB sun protection in a lightweight, fast absorbing mist. The convenient spray is part of Neutrogena’s line of sunscreen clinically proven to provide defense from sun and water damage. Also available in SPF 70, it’s oil-free, PABA-free and claims to be water resistant for 80 minutes. It sports a Moritz actuator from Aptar Beauty +Home.
Banana Boat Sport Performance CoolZone Continuous Spray Sunscreen is endorsed by the Skin Cancer Foundation to protect against the sun’s harmful rays. It provides safe and effective broad spectrum UVA and UVB protection and instantly cools skin on contact with a crisp, clean scent. It also is water resistant (up to 80 minutes), invisible and rub-free, offering SPF 30 and 50+.

For kids, there is Coppertone Kids Wacky Foam SPF 75+, a soft, light
foaming lotion that is pediatrician-recommended, fun-to-apply and water resistant. It offers photostable, broad spectrum UVA/UVB protection for up to 80 minutes in water.
L’Oréal’s Sublime Sun Sheer Protect Sunscreen Oil in SPF 15, 30 and 50+ is a high-performance oil that delivers long-lasting broad-spectrum protection in a luxurious, silky spray. It’s also infused with powerful antioxidants such as Vitamin E and white grape seed that enhance the benefits of sunscreen to help keep skin healthy and youthful-looking. The spray instantly conditions, leaving skin feeling fresh.

Vichy USA launched Capital Soleil SPF 50 Lightweight Foaming Lotion. The mousse sunscreen instantly smoothes and softens the skin while safeguarding it
against harmful UVA/UVB rays. Over time, the silky texture improves skin quality under the sun and helps prevents sun damage. The hydrating benefits of Hyaluronic Acid combined with the antioxidant benefits of Phytoquintescine and White Grape Polyphenols offer both skincare and sun care protection. It has a delicate, floral scent; is allergy-tested for sensitive skin; and is water-resistant for up to 80 minutes.

Also from Vichy USA is Capital Soleil SPF 30 Luxurious Protective Oil—a skin-conditioning body oil that offers high broad-spectrum UVA/UVB protection with a sun-kissed radiant glow. Formulated with a waterless base and a patented gelling polymer that can help prevent moisture loss without preservatives, it safeguards the skin from allergic reactions and irritation.

 New Panama Jack SPF 4 Spray Gel with Bronzer is formulated to promote a dark tan
while providing minimal protection for gradual tanning. Enriched with Aloe & Vitamin E, it also contains an instant bronzer. The new, consumer-friendly 8-ounce spray bottle works at any angle, even upside down.

Dr. Goldfaden’s Sun Visor Ultralight Oil Free SPF 30 Mist is a fast absorbing,
ultra-light, oil-free, PABA-free and fragrance-free SPF 30 sunscreen that helps shield from UVA and UVB waves to protect skin from premature aging. The superfine mist delivery system creates a weightless, even application that is suitable for both body and face – and can even be used with makeup without smudging or clogging pores. Ingredients include dual-action protection with zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, organic red tea extract and vitamins A, C and E to resurface, protect and brighten skin.

Staying Indoors
Sunless tanner sales grew 1.5% in 2012, showing steady growth as more consumers opt for the speed and safety of an indoor tanning product. Created by celebrity tanning artist Monica Blanco, Colour Couture Red Carpet Ready Sunless Tanning Spray creates an even, smooth tan all over the body without streaks. Glycerin keeps skin moisturized for a natural glow and leaves a smoother feel for a toned appearance. Colour Couture Front Row Glow is a paraben-free self tanning foam that, according to the company, makes consumers look instantly thinner, more tone and radiant. All Colour Couture products are easy-to-use, vegan, paraben-free and all-natural, with no odor or stickiness.

Tan like a Star
With the sustained popularity of celebrity fragrances, could celebrity sun care be far behind? Inspired by the lifestyle of pop singer Jimmy Buffett and his legions of freewheeling, sun-seeking fans called “Parrot Heads,” the new Margaritaville Parrot Head Advanced Sun Care from Sun & Skin Care Research, LLC offers serious sun care protection that pampers, nourishes and moisturizes. All Margaritaville Parrot Head products contain a proprietary aloe hydrating Complex, which, according to the company, contains the highest quality, purist Aloe Vera plant solids available in a ten-times concentrated form. Eco-Certified, plant-derived Pentavitin and Zemea are added to the Aloe Hydrating Complex in Parrot Head Lotions to deliver a smooth feel and deep, instant hydration. The line includes FINS UP! Sport Sunscreen Sprays and Parakeet Kids Spray, which is specially formulated for kids’ sensitive skin. The cans are from EXAL, with a BOV from Coster and an actuator from Aptar.

Sunbow offers SPF 30 sunscreen sprays featuring popular children’s characters Dora the Explorer and SpongeBob SquarePants. The products provide a non-oxybenzoate formula with homosalate, antioxidant protection, continuous hydration and a bubble gum fragrance.

The Future of  Sun Care
The U.S. sun protection and sunless tanner market showed positive growth through 2011, and managed to weather the economic recession better than other personal care categories, according to Mintel. Skin cancer awareness campaigns, as well as overall education about the importance of sun protection, have proliferated during recent years, likely resulting in increased penetration and product use. However, only modest growth is forecast through 2017. As the market has become more saturated in recent years and competition from private label increases, growth in the category has plateaued.

While growth is predicted to slow in the category, adding skincare benefits that appeal to consumers, such as anti-aging and antioxidants, could generate excitement in the category, as well as encourage more frequent usage. Additionally, targeting demographic groups that historically have low participation in the category, such as men and multi-culturals, will be important for continued success in the category.

Mega Airless’ neutral, all-plastic, airless dispensers can be found on a variety of sun care products, such as Nivea Sun Touch; Frezyderm’s Sun Screen Body Foundation, Body Lotion and sunless Self Tan/Body Shape; Apivita’s Sun Screen Face & Body Milk for both adults and children; Sante Sun lotion and Sun Cream; and Barbuda Sun.

Hello everyone. There are several types of metals used to fabricate spray package components. There’s also a common corrosion myth that aluminum is more corrosion resistant than steel. Let’s briefly review the types of metals used to fabricate your spray packages and aerosol valves and then discuss why the concept of superior aluminum corrosion resistance is a corrosion myth.

Corrosion Basics: metals used to fabricate spray packages

The two metals used for fabricating spray packages are aluminum and steel. Aluminum, steel and stainless steel are used in the fabrication and construction of aerosol valves. The aluminum used for spray packages is commercially pure aluminum—purities range from around 99% to 99.7% aluminum. Aluminum aerosol containers are fabricated by extruding an aluminum puck into the final container shape. Bags inserted into aerosol containers are formed with aluminum foil that has one or more layers of polymer film laminated on both sides of the foil. Bags are formed by welding sections together and welding the valve to the top of the bag.

Steel is the common designation for iron alloys. The steel used for spray packages could be one of three iron alloys (type D, type L and type MR). Steel alloys are typically coated either with tin metal, topped with a thin layer of chromium (commonly called tinplate), or a thin layer of chromium metal (commonly called tin-free steel) to prevent atmospheric rusting. In many instances, the alloy used for the container body is different from the alloy used to fabricate the container tops and bottoms.

Steel aerosol containers are formed in one of two ways:

• The body, tops and bottoms are formed from separate sheets then seamed together
• The body and top or the body and the bottom are forged into the container shape—without the bottom or top, respectively. The top or bottom is subsequently seamed to the top or the bottom—depending on which part is not forged with the body

Aerosol valves are stamped from aluminum or steel sheet metal in multiple stamping stages. Aerosol valve check-balls and springs are fabricated from a variety of stainless steel alloys.

 Are aluminum containers more corrosion resistant than steel containers?

Aluminum is a more chemically reactive metal than iron and thus should be less corrosion-resistant than steel. However, the actual answer to the above question on which metal is more corrosion resistant is: it depends on your formula chemistry.

Steel typically corrodes very rapidly when the solution (formula) pH is below approximately five. Conversely, steel corrosion could be significantly slower when the solution (formula) pH is approximately above 10.

Generally, aluminum corrosion rates are the lowest when the solution pH is somewhere between four and seven. However, aluminum also corrodes rapidly when the solution pH is below approximately four, and aluminum dissolves in very high pH solutions (e.g., a pH of 12).

Two examples will help illustrate the compatibility of aluminum and tinplated steel containers with different types of formulas.

A hair mousse formula with a pH of four is usually compatible with aluminum containers, but is usually not compatible with steel containers (in the early 1990s most of us unsuccessfully attempted to find a coated steel aerosol container for hair mousse formulas)

An aluminum container is usually not compatible with a high pH oven cleaner, while steel containers are typically used for aerosol oven cleaners.

There are also many formulas, such as hair sprays, air fresheners and insecticides that can be packaged in either aluminum containers, or steel containers, depending on the formula’s chemical composition.

There are a few rules-of-thumb about formula pH as a guide for when to use aluminum or steel containers. These are:

• Aluminum containers with internal coatings are most likely more corrosion resistant with low pH formulas (around 4–6)
• Steel containers are most likely more corrosion resistant when formula pH is above 10
• Aluminum and steel containers could be compatible with formulas whose pH is around seven

However, other formula ingredients could invalidate these pH rules-of-thumb. For example, organic halogens (most notably carbon tetrachloride) could violently react with aluminum. (Please don’t confuse chloro-organic molecules with inorganic chloride ions.)

Ultimately corrosion testing is needed for both types of spray package metals to determine if they are compatible with a given type of formula. In addition, a properly optimized corrosion inhibitor system will significantly increase the corrosion resistance of either aluminum, or steel. However, different types of corrosion inhibitors are typically needed for aluminum and for steel.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from ST&M. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in June. SPRAY

I recently completed a dangerous goods compliance review at a client’s warehouse. On the first day, I reviewed their permits and licenses; examined several packages for compliance with domestic and international regulatory requirements; interviewed several employees, supervisors and managers about their compliance programs; and reviewed their training records in detail. I spent the better part of the next day just observing various processes— receiving, packing, shipping, loading and unloading. At the end of the two days, I generated a brief report and promised to follow-up with a more detailed report with observations, findings and photos, as well as my opinions and recommendations.

Most of the “non-compliance” findings were rather innocent mistakes, such as forgetting to include a packing group on a dangerous goods declaration, partially obscuring the proper shipping name or identification number on a package, or failing to train a hazmat employee in all four required areas: General Awareness, General Safety, Security Awareness and Function-Specific. Most of the errors I observed could have been easily corrected or, indeed, prevented.

 The Common Denominator

I thought to myself, “How is it that a company as well run and organized as this can have so many little errors that could result in such significant civil penalties?”

The management seemed to be committed to compliance, the supervisors and employees seemed to be somewhat knowledgeable of the regulatory requirements and they hadn’t had any violations in the past. So, I started comparing them to one of my other clients who has had exceptional compliance record for more than 15 years.

The answer is training and standardization! I went back to the training records and realized that, although they were technically current with the U.S. Dept. of transportation’s (DOT) Hazardous Materials Regulations with respect to training, the training was conducted more than two years prior.

So I started digging deeper. I checked the previous training records and found that they had trained their employees three years prior to that, as required, and again, three years prior to that. However, I also noticed that there were fewer and fewer of the same people each time. Clearly a number of their trained hazmat employees had moved on or switched jobs. There didn’t seem to be a core group of highly qualified persons for more than two training cycles.

This is where the current client differed from my “exceptional” client. My benchmark client conducts training annually and has a fewer number of hazmat employees that have been trained, trained and trained again. They keep current with the regulations and modify their function-specific training annually to reflect current requirements and industry trends. They take training in small, highly potent doses.

 Industry Best Management Practices

The benchmark client also devotes a lot of time to the development of standard operating procedures, posting visual controls and references, and practicing the principles of “Genchi Genbutsu” and “Kaizen.”

Genchi Genbutsu literally means “go out and see,” and is a key principle of the highly successful Toyota Production System (TPS). Genchi Genbutsu suggests that in order to truly understand a situation, management needs to go to the site, or gemba, where the work is done and see for themselves.

Kaizen, which in Japanese means “continuous improvement,” is a process that is practiced daily, wherein small incremental improvements are made after careful planning, close observation, and evaluation after the improvement has been put in place. Kaizen teaches people to perform experiments on their work using the scientific method, implement and test the improvements, and learn how to spot and eliminate muda or waste.

 Useful Tips

At right are some useful tips that my benchmark client can teach any company that is
interested in developing a highly effective compliance program.

By implementing these and other industry best management practices, providing training more frequently and standardizing your work practices, your company should be able to develop and maintain a strong compliance program, eliminate wasteful practices and prevent potentially costly errors. SPRAY

CARB
There are changes at the California Air Resources Board (CARB). James Goldstene had been the Executive Officer at CARB since 2007 and has now moved to a new position. Richard Corey is now the new Executive Officer. If Corey’s name sounds familiar, it should. He was at one time the Chief of the Stationary Source Division that was responsible for Consumer Products. Most recently, Corey was Deputy Executive Officer under Goldstene. He is familiar with the challenges of Consumer Products; we look forward to working with him in his new position.

CARB Rulemaking
CARB is in the process of a rulemaking. Aerosol Coatings and Aerosol Adhesives are the categories being targeted for reductions in the volatile organic compound (VOC) limits. For Aerosol Coatings that are being regulated by Reactivity limits, the proposed maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) limits are extremely low for the general categories. These General categories are where the bulk of the VOC emissions are present. The Specialty categories will be capped for their MIR limits due to the low amount of emissions.

Industry and the staff are working on developing a reasonable, or at least technologically feasible, MIR limit for the General Coating categories. In addition, some new Specialty categories were added. When this rule making is adopted, all aerosol coatings will be regulated. What this means is that if your product meets the definition of an aerosol coating and is not specifically exempt from the rule, then the product needs to be placed into a category. This is a new twist to the rule, which was CARB’s intent all along, but now the wording is in place to enforce this concept. Therefore, make sure your products label reflect the proper category they are intended to be regulated in.

Another issue for Aerosol Coatings is the question of when the new MIR values (from Oct. 2, 2010) will be used? Industry is requesting that the MIR values be available for use on the day of adoption.

Aerosol Adhesives proposed VOC limits are very low mass-based limits. The amounts of VOC reductions from these categories is very low. Industry needs to work with CARB to determine if these limits are technologically feasible. Currently, the complying market share is extremely low for these categories.

In addition to the above areas of concern, remember the following:

• The LVP-VOC issue. CARB has proposed regulating a couple of categories that would remove the LVP-VOC provision. Currently, CARB is proposing a study to research LVPs. On March 21, 2013, industry members supported this research study. Industries position is that no category should have the LVP-VOC provision removed, until the research is finished. Remember, if it is not your category now it may be in the future.
• HFO 1234ze is under consideration for VOC exemption. The compound is VOC exempt from the EPA. Industry is supporting a VOC exemption.
• Some category definitions are being changed, especially in the coatings regulation. Review these changes to see how they affect your products.
• We need category definitions clarified! Now is the time to request changes from CARB.

A workshop was held on April 26 and is likely be the last one. The Board Hearing for this rulemaking is scheduled for July 26, 2013.

Other VOC Jurisdictions
Canada is working on a VOC Consumer Products Regulation and will likely take all of 2013 to take comments and work on changes to their regulation. I encourage you to review their proposal and comment.

Utah is on a much faster track to adopt their Consumer Products regulation. Their comment period closed April 1, 2013. Their proposed regulation is at
http://www.airquality.utah.gov/Public-Interest/Public-Commen-Hearings/pdf-files/February-2013/R307-357%20Consumer%20Products_with_ban.pdf

Green Chemistry
The rumor is that the Dept. of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) will send out their Green Chemistry Regulation (called the Safer Consumer Products Regulation) for one more comment period. DTSC will likely make some changes on their current rule and then release it for a short, likely 15-day comment period.  Spray

The Preliminary Conference Program of the 28th European Aerosol Federation (FEA) International Aerosol Congress & 17th Exhibition, which will take place Sept. 24–26, is now available.

The expert presentations have been divided into three different segments: Day One–business and the market; Day Two–aerosol technology; Day Three–innovation and the future. Program info: http://www.aerosolmadrid2013.com/index.php/en/conferences/program

To register as a delegate: http://www.aerosolmadrid2013.com/index.php/en/delegates-visitors/registration

Additionally, the Spanish Aerosol Association (AEDA) is hosting the second FEA International Aerosol Awards. Open to aerosol component manufacturers, fillers, marketers and retailers the world over, the Awards center on the ever-important themes of innovation and sustainable development, and aim to celebrate the genius, creativity and technical excellence of the international aerosol industry.

Awards Categories

•         Award for Innovation in Aerosol Packaging Design – 2013

•         Award for Most Innovative Aerosol Product – 2013

•         Award for Environmental Achievement & Sustainability in the Aerosol Industry – 2013

•         Award for Most Creative Aerosol Marketing Strategy – 2013

All products entered must have been launched on the market between January 2011 and June 2013. The closing date for entries is June 30. The winners will be announced and the Awards presented at the Gala Dinner of the FEA International Congress & Exhibition in Madrid on Sept. 25. For more info and to download the Awards entry form, visit www.aerosolmadrid2013.com.

The world’s largest direct seller of cosmetics is already showing signs of stabilizing its business under new CEO Sheri McCoy, who was brought in a year ago, following years of inconsistent sales in Brazil and Russia and dwindling business in China and the U.S. In December, the company set an annual cost savings target of $400 million by the end of 2015 and said it would exit South Korea and Vietnam. McCoy said at an investor conference in February that she had no qualms about exiting unprofitable markets to focus on emerging markets. She said a key priority is to reverse a long sales slide in the U.S.

The cuts, which will be completed by the end of the year, are expected to generate $45 million to $50 million in annual savings. Avon had 39,100 employees as of Dec. 31, 2012, and more than six million active sales representatives.

The world’s largest direct seller of cosmetics is already showing signs of stabilizing its business under new CEO Sheri McCoy, who was brought in a year ago, following years of inconsistent sales in Brazil and Russia and dwindling business in China and the U.S. In December, the company set an annual cost savings target of $400 million by the end of 2015 and said it would exit South Korea and Vietnam. McCoy said at an investor conference in February that she had no qualms about exiting unprofitable markets to focus on emerging markets. She said a key priority is to reverse a long sales slide in the U.S.

The cuts, which will be completed by the end of the year, are expected to generate $45 million to $50 million in annual savings. Avon had 39,100 employees as of Dec. 31, 2012, and more than six million active sales representatives.

Hello everyone. I’m often asked how corrosion starts in spray packaging. The corrosion of spray packages begins in so many different ways that a comprehensive discussion is beyond the scope of Corrosion Corner. However, I’d like to provide an overview on what have been, in my experience, the more common beginnings of spray package corrosion.

Last month’s Corrosion Corner provides background information for this month. Let’s begin with a brief discussion of the most common types of spray package metals: aluminum and steel.

 Corrosion Basics: the surfaces of spray package metals

Aluminum spray packages with a few exceptions are coated with a polymer or laminate film. The surface morphology of aluminum is a complex mixture of grains, grain boundaries, inclusions, crystal defects and precipitates.

Polymer coatings and laminate films (also a polymer) must bond to this complex mixture. Consequently, there are a variety of different bonds with different bond-strengths distributed over the surface of the aluminum. There are also areas on aluminum containers where the polymer coating did not wet the aluminum leaving a small hole in the coating.

Some areas of coated and laminated aluminum will be more susceptible to corrosion than others. The chemical composition of your formula—and not polymer-metal bond strength or holes—determines which areas of the coating are more susceptible to becoming corrosion sites.

The steel used for spray packaging normally has either a tin metal coating, or a chromium/chromium oxide layer on top. Tin coated steel is commonly called tin plate, and chromium/chromium oxide coated steel is called tin-free-steel (TFS).

The metal coatings do not completely cover the steel. Indeed, image analysis measurements of tinplate indicated that 0.2 tinplate is approximately 20% exposed steel and iron-tin alloy (the ratio of the exposed steel to the alloy has not been determined/published). Thus polymer coatings and laminate films on tinplate will have a) a variety of polymer-metal coating bonds, b) polymer-alloy bonds—tinplate only, c) a variety of steel-polymer bonds and d) small areas where the coating is not bonded to a surface.

irst stages of coated/laminated aluminum corrosion

For the sake of simplicity, I will hereafter refer to both polymer coatings and laminates as polymers.

Formula water and ingredients absorb into polymers and diffuse through them to the underlying aluminum metal. The liquid reaching the aluminum is not pure water and it could cause polymer disbonding from the aluminum (delamination), and potentially initiate aluminum corrosion under the polymer.

Diffusion of water and formula ingredients through the polymer is a necessary first step for delamination (a form of polymer corrosion) and aluminum corrosion. Metal corrosion under a polymer occurs when a) the diffusing liquid is corrosive, b) enough liquid accumulates to initiate corrosion and c) liquid continuously diffuses through the coating to sustain corrosion.

The chemical composition of your formula determines a) which areas of the coating are more susceptible to diffusion, b) the chemical composition of the liquid reaching the aluminum metal substrate, c) if the liquid reaching the aluminum is corrosive and d) what type of corrosion will occur.

 First stages of uncoated and coated steel corrosion

Steel containers without a polymer coating are referred to as uncoated containers—even though the “uncoated” steel is actually coated with a metal. Steel containers with a polymer coating are referred to as coated containers—even though technically they are double coated containers (a polymer coating over the metal coating). I will again refer to both laminate films and polymer coatings as polymers.

The first stages for uncoated steel corrosion will be different from those for coated steel. Please remember that metal coatings have holes, some of which expose steel.

Uncoated steel corrosion could start as a) tin corrosion (commonly referred to as detinning), b) galvanic corrosion between the steel and metal coating and c) non-galvanic steel corrosion at holes in the metal coating. Notice that galvanic corrosion is not needed for steel corrosion.

Steel pitting corrosion could also start with the dissolution of inclusions (see March ’13 Corrosion Corner). Pitting corrosion could also initiate after general corrosion covers the steel with a thin porous layer of iron oxide/hydroxide. The amount of exposed steel can be very small in both cases.

Coated steel corrosion also begins with absorption and diffusion of water and formula ingredients into and through the polymer. However, there are additional ways that metal corrosion could start under polymers. For example, diffusion of water and formula ingredients through the polymer could cause detinning, leaving polymer that is not attached to a surface.

Polymer coatings could either fill holes in a metal coating; form a cap over the holes or both. Holes with polymer caps are cavities where liquid could accumulate, and liquid-filled cavities could be pitting corrosion sites.

The chemical composition of your formula determines a) which areas of the coating allow more or less diffusion, b) the chemical composition of the liquid reaching the metal coating and the steel substrate, c) if the liquid reaching the metal coating and the steel is corrosive and d) what type of corrosion will occur.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from ST&M. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in May. SPRAY

CARB

On Feb. 24, 2013 the California Air Resources Board (CARB) staff held their second public workshop on their current rule development. This rule development is mainly focused on modifications to Aerosol Coatings and Aerosol Adhesives volatile organic compounds (VOC) limits. However there are other issues being addressed as well.

The current proposals on new VOC limits are the following, and remember Aerosol Coatings are regulated by Reactivity, thus the limits are by Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR).

Click on chart for full size view

These limits will push technology to the brink. In addition, numerous definitions are being added or modified which are for clarification of the rule. CARB staff has worked hard to develop these amendments, and Industry needs to review them and provide feedback to CARB staff. These amendments are scheduled for a July Board hearing, thus time is short. There are numerous changes to the Consumer Products Regulation and to the Aerosol Coating regulation. Everyone should review these proposed changes. The regulation and general information about the Consumer Products Program is available at: http://www.arb.ca.gov/consprod/consprod.htm

LVP-VOC

Low Vapor Pressure (LVP) VOC is also on the CARB agenda. There are two issues CARB is pursuing: 1) A proposal of a Research Study on LVP-VOC and their ultimate fate in contributing to ground level ozone. This is a study that the Industry can support. On March 21, CARB held a public hearing to review this research proposal. CARB, at the same time, is proposing 2) changes that ban LVP-VOCs from two categories of Consumer Products—Paint Thinners and Multi-purpose Solvents. This ban would be before the LVP-VOC research can even get started. Industry needs to oppose any ban or modification to the LVP-VOC definition before the research study is concluded. Anything that is done before the study is finished is not based on science. Industry will need to continue to oppose any changes to the LVP-VOC definition. Remember, if there is a change to these two categories, what category will be next?

CARB staff has planned another workshop for April 26, 2013 in California to discuss the current rule-making amendments and LVPs.

More VOC Issues

Do not forget Environment Canada is working on developing a Consumer Product regulation. Comments were due by March 20, 2013. However this will be a long rule-making, so submit your comments after reviewing the regulation.

The same for the state of Utah. Their time frame is April 1, 2013. I doubt they will be as lenient on the timing as Canada, but try to comment if you can.

Weights & Measures

On Jan. 27-30, 2013 The National Conference on Weights & Measures (NCWM) held their Interim meeting in Charleston, SC. During the public comment section of the Laws & Regulations (L&R) committee, the National Aerosol Association (NAA) and the Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA) presented a joint proposal to the committee. The proposal was to allow the addition of a volume declaration to the already required weight declaration for BOV-type containers. The National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) commented in opposition to this proposal.

In the L & R committee there was a vote to reject the proposal and add BOV into the definition of 10.3.1, which describes aerosols and other similar pressurized containers. It is likely that this proposal will be discussed at the July meeting of the NCWM. We will need to continue to monitor this topic.

 Green Chemistry

The comment period has closed and we’re waiting for the Dept. of Toxic Substances Control’s (DTSC) next move. More to come.

Many years ago, I worked at U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters in Washington, D.C. I was part of a small group that was responsible, in part, for reviewing special permit applications for those applicants that wanted to offer dangerous goods all or in part by vessel, but whom could not comply with the regulatory requirements for one reason or another. Actually, back then, they were referred to as Dept. of Transportation (DOT) Exemptions. We processed approximately six applications a week, and provided our comments and recommendations to the Research & Special Programs Administration (RSPA), now known as the Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). Our charge was fairly straightforward—would the applicant’s proposal provide an equivalency of safety or not? If so, we offered our recommendation for approval. If not, we recommended that the application be denied and returned to the applicant to be reworked. It might have taken us a few hours to review each application and the applicant would receive an approval or denial from RSPA generally within thirty days or less.

Delays in Processing

Over the course of 20 years, I may have authored three hundred or more applications for permit or approval, but it seems that within the past three to four years, the application process has become increasingly more difficult and much lengthier. What would have been expected in 60 days is now taking six months or more. In fact, I just received an approval for a client who had submitted a request for special permit more than 18 month ago!  

Therefore, if you are planning on obtaining a special permit or Competent Authority Approval, you are cautioned to begin the planning process early. Do not wait until the last minute to file an application and then request emergency (expedited) processing because you failed to plan properly.

Useful Tips

Here are some useful tips to help you plan more effectively: 

• Read the regulatory requirements very carefully. Be thoroughly familiar with the applicable provisions of the U.S. DOT’s Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) and the international standards that may apply. If you intend to ship within the U.S. only, you will need a DOT Special Permit. If you intend to ship internationally as well, you will need both a DOT Special Permit and a Competent Authority Approval. There are different application requirements for each. Applicants outside the U.S. must have a U.S. Agent for the service of process. Instructions and online application web app are found on the U.S. DOT website at https://hazmatonline.phmsa.dot.gov/Online%20Approvals/pages/welcome.aspx

• Thoroughly review the U.S. DOT PHMSA website for letters of interpretation that may exist. You may find that a DOT special permit is not required because there might have been a previous ruling issued on the subject. An approval or special permit search can be made by accessing the following webpage: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/regs/sp-a

• Carefully review the U.S. DOT PHMSA website for other permits or approvals. You can conduct a search on one or more companies that manufacture or offer similar products. If a special permit or approval exists, you may become a party to that special permit (if it is allowed). Becoming a party to an existing special permit is a lot quicker than applying for a new permit.

• Read and be thoroughly familiar with the requirements for completing and submitting an application for permit and/or approval. You must submit all relevant information at the same time. If you fail to submit a complete application, it will generally be denied and you must start the process all over again. Pay careful attention to the requirements for information required for a corporate officer (e.g., President, CEO) and a technical contact. Be certain to include the Dun & Bradstreet (DUNS) number in the application and indicate whether or not the applicant will act as a shipper, carrier or both.

• Submit the application in writing and via e-mail. Follow-up with a phone call to ensure that your application has been received and that all of the required information was included in the application. Allow at least one week for the Office of Special Permits & Approvals to receive and process the application. Allow at least 4–6 weeks for PHMSA to begin its review of the application.

• Give careful consideration to using packaging that may already be approved or permitted. This is particularly true of aerosol manufacturers and distributors. Often aerosol manufacturers will seek a permit for a new type of container when an existing container that has already been approved may suffice. Although there might be a modest increase in unit price when selecting a different container, this might be an acceptable alternative given that the applicant may not be able to bring their product to market for six months or more.

• Do not apply for an emergency application, unless it is actually an emergency, e.g. a matter of life or health, military or national security interest, or significant economic loss. Loss of revenue because a product was not brought to market on time is not economic loss!  An example of economic loss would be failure to fulfill a contractual obligation, or where a significant penalty clause might be included in the contract.

Do consumers shop more in the good weather? Some analysts say yes. Warm weather prompts some very obvious purchases, such as sunscreen, lighter clothing, insect repellant, outdoor gear and sporting goods. One interesting consideration, however, is that shoppers like to get out early in the season to purchase products in order to get the most possible use out of them. In these tough economic times, that makes sense. While some warm-weather items may go on sale at the end of the season, many consumers are of the opinion that the best value is a purchase they can enjoy all summer long. Here’s a look at some of the latest Spring and Summer launches for 2013…

Bringing the outdoors indoors…

Indoor air fresheners are always a seasonal favorite. This year, Febreze Air Effects Alaskan Springtime celebrates the first days of spring with a delicate, watery fresh fragrance with hints of warm amber and sunshine. Beach Walk Concentrated Room Spray from Yankee Candle evokes refreshing salt water and sea musk warmed with sunny notes of tangerine and orange blossom, as well as a special odor eliminating agent.

This year’s Spring offering of Glade premium room sprays include Vibrant Bloom, a delicate blend of camellia, gardenia and moss; Garden Sunshine with layered notes of gardenia, freesia and coconut; Spring Showers featuring scents of pink grapefruit, fresh rain and sandalwood; and Starlit Evening, a blend of green hyacinth, ylang ylang, and cedarwood.

Smells Begone Air Freshening Spray from Punati Corp. contains Ordenone, an ordorless deodorizing compound that permanently entraps odor molecules. When Smells Begone is sprayed in to the air or directly onto an odor source, odors are encapsulated and eliminated, leaving behind a fresh, clean scent. Available in Calming Rain, Lavender Vanilla and Fresh Cotton, the product is filled by Chase Products and the can is manufactured by DS Containers.

Of a personal nature

There is no shortage of exciting personal care products launched this season. Procter & Gamble (P&G) has added new body sprays to their Secret Clinical Strength product line: Scent Expressions Passion de Tango, Mean Stinks Fearlessly Fresh and Sport Marathon Fresh. The product line is packaged in aluminum cans sporting a Moritz Twist To Lock actuator from Aptar beauty + Home.

P&G’s Old Spice brand also launched the Wild Collection or The Gentleman’s Stockade (depending on the age group being marketed to) featuring Wolfthorn (for nocturnal creatures), Hawkridge (for guys with swift minds) and Foxcrest (for cunning gentlemen). The Body Spray is joined by Antiperspirant/Deodorant and Body Wash, all in packaging reminiscent of a medieval manor house.

AXE has teamed up with famed moonwalker Buzz Aldrin to send 22 people into space, and make sure they smell nice doing it. Earlier this year, Unilever kicked off its new AXE Apollo Space Academy, an online contest that promises to send winners to the edge of space and back aboard a private spaceship. The adventure is designed to promote the new AXE Apollo Deodorant Body Spray. Comprised of sage, mandarin and sandalwood, Apollo also come in AP/DEO, shower gel, shampoo and conditioner.

Vaseline launched the new Vaseline Spray & Go Moisturizer, a quick, continuous 360° spray lotion that moisturizes deeply and absorbs in seconds so consumers can put their clothes right on after use. Available in three variants—Total Moisture, Aloe Fresh and Cocoa Radiant—Spray & Go leaves skin instantly soft, not sticky or greasy. The continuous spray system dispenses lotion quickly and evenly for all-over coverage and is infused with pure oat extract for healthy, soft skin.

The Great Outdoors

The trials and tribulations of warmer weather can cause the cautious to stay indoors. Several products make it safe to go outside again. Penguin Ultra Dry Heavy Duty Silicone Protector protects footwear, backpacks, tents, leather goods and all fabrics from water and fading caused by the sun. It works on all synthetic fabrics and leathers, and is colorless and odorless when dry. It comes in a can from DS Containers.

OFF! Deep Woods Dry Insect Repellent is a long-lasting repellent that delivers protection against biting insects and is formulated to feel dry and comfortable on skin. The powder-dry formula dries quickly, offers long lasting Deep Woods protection and contains 25% DEET. It repels ticks, mosquitoes, black flies, sand flies, chiggers, gnats and no-see-ums. OFF! Botanicals Spritz offers a no-mess application and provides up to two hours of protection from mosquitoes.

Around the house

Spring cleaning is an opportunity to throw open the windows, let in some fresh air in, and make homes cleaner and more efficient. Last month, Method welcomed Spring with a collection in partnership with designer Orla Kiely. The line includes foaming hand wash, gel hand wash, dish soap, and all-purpose cleaner in four new springtime fragrances: white nectarine, cloudburst, honeysuckle, and tomato vine. The products are packaged in four graphic patterns designed by Orla Kiely.

Windex Touch-Up Cleaner offers a fast and convenient solution to clean and sanitize where people need it most—the kitchen and bathroom. The new design makes it easier for consumers to clean surfaces; they simply push down on the pump to apply the formula onto a paper towel, bath tissue or a clean sponge and wipe. Windex Touch-Up Cleaner cleans and kills 99.9% of common household bacteria and works on nearly all hard, non-porous surfaces, including sinks, countertops, toilets, appliance exteriors, stovetops, sealed granite, sealed marble, glass, glazed porcelain, chrome, glazed ceramic tile and finished wood, according to the company. It comes in two varieties: Bathroom Windex Touch-Up Cleaner in Fresh Scent and Kitchen Windex Touch-Up Cleaner in Glistening Citrus Scent.

Offering “a sun-washed scent of the perfect summer memory,” Caldrea launched Linen & Room Spray for rooms, clotheslines, pre-iron or post-dryer. The essential oil spray wake up sheets, pillows and blankets with the scent of rose, gardenia, lily of the valley, marigold, cedar, grey vetiver and white musk on a cool water base, with natural essential oils of chamomile and cedarwood. The accompanying Hand Soap, with aloe vera gel, olive oil and essential oils leaves hands soft, clean and fragrant as the bottle brightens the kitchen or bath.

Spring Fragrances are Pretty in Pink

According to the NPD Group, sales of premium fragrances hit $2.9 billion in the U.S. in 2012. Will fragrances sell well again in 2013? The year is off to a good start with the following offerings out this season.

Estée Lauder’s Pleasures Eau de Parfum debuted in 1995 and embodied a universally relevant message of taking time to enjoy life’s simple pleasures, especially those of spontaneous, carefree days outdoors, and this concept continues to resonate with the launch of the new Pleasures Eau Fraîche, a vibrant yet dewy floral fragrance that celebrates life’s simple moments in a new and modern way. Top notes include white lily, violet leaves and green accents. Middle notes are comprised of black lilac, white peony, karo-karounde blossoms, baie rose, pink rose and jasmine. Base notes are sandalwood and patchouli.

Following up on Central Park and last Spring’s Central Park West, New York-centric Bond No. 9 will launch Central Park South on April 15. The fresh floral starts out with tangy topnotes of grapefruit flower, mingled with blackcurrent buds and green ivy leaves. Heart notes are a bouquet of jasmine, ylang ylang, jonquil and lily of the valley. The base contains classic wood notes of sandalwood and cedar bark.

Model Heidi Klum’s fourth fragrance, Surprise, provides a blend of luminous fruity and fine floral accords
warmed with resins and wood. Contributing scents include mandarin extracts, pink pepper, magnolia, rose petals, benzoin LMR and milk of sandalwood. The Coty fragrance comes in
EDT and Body Spray. The perfumer was Shyamala Maisondieu from Givaudan and the packaging designer was Lance McGregor from Paul Mayers.

Also from Coty is Guess Girl, a fragrance aimed at young women in their twenties and inspired by the 30th anniversary of Guess brand. Guess Girl is a floral-fruity fragrance signed by perfumer Laurent Le Guernec of IFF. It begins with fruity top notes of raspberry, melon and bergamot nectar. The heart introduces floral notes of Brazilian paradise orchid combined with Provencal acacia and lilies, while the soft and creamy base is composed of Australian sandalwood and Madagascar vanilla. Guess Girl is available as a 30-, 50- and 100mL EDT and 2mL perfumed body care cream.

Inspired by “the most beautiful season of the year”, clothing designer Betty Barclay created Tender Blossom, “a scent that captures delicate blossoms, a fragrance just like Spring itself.”

Betty Barclay Tender Blossom opens with a lively fruity, fresh and gentle note that combines sun-ripened melon, exotic lychee and delicate cyclamen. The heart note features peony, magnolia and freesia. It finishes on with a base of musk and sun-drenched woods, such as cedar and sandalwood. SPRAY

Manufacturers of Fragranced Products Refute Scare Campaign

Cleaning product and fragrance makers strongly stand behind the safety of their products and completely reject misrepresentations made by a pressure group about fragrance ingredient safety.

The American Cleaning Institute (ACI), Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA), and International Fragrance Association North America (IFRANA) refute claims made by Women’s Voices for the Earth in a report that promotes false fears about how fragrances are used in everyday cleaning and personal care products.

An enormous amount of research, development, review and safety evaluation goes into the manufacture of cleaning and personal care products long before they hit the store shelves, said ACI.

Fragrance ingredients that are used in these product categories are in compliance with more than 150 global industry safety standards that already exist today. Wherever these products are sold, they are subjected to that nation’s restrictions, regulations and/or legal protections. Therefore, the products are in compliance everywhere they are sold.

Additionally, companies are communicating transparently with consumers through ingredient disclosure programs.

Cleaning products play a critical role in enhancing everyday health and contributing to better living for everyone. They are used safely by millions of consumers worldwide every day to improve their lives and manage their environments efficiently and effectively. It’s regrettable that misinformed and ill-advised attacks attempt to discourage the use of these very beneficial products. To read ACI’s complete statement, visit http://www.cleaninginstitute.org/manufacturers_of_fragranced_products_refute_scare_campaign/.

Additionally, attendees will learn about the individual components of a formulation and the need for ingredients to work in concert. The course also will provide an overview of market trends from a global perspective, with emphasis on product forms, raw materials, washing procedures, testing methods, and general formulation technology and the newest green regulatory requirements and component trends.

The full day course is a must-attend for experienced researchers, technicians, managers, technical services representatives, and sales professional specializing in household and industrial cleaning markets. Those involved with cleaning technologies will gain insight into the ingredient selection process, ingredient interactions, and formulation optimization applicable for a myriad of formulation situations.

This event is open to members and  non-members.

Register: Online

Registration Link to Share: https://www.cspa.org/index.php?option=com_dtregister&Itemid=50&eventId=78&controller=event&task=individualRegister

The Belmay Group, headquartered in Yonkers, NY, is a developer and manufacturer of fragrance creations, particularly in the segments fine fragrances, cosmetics and air care. Belmay generated fragrance sales of around $60 million in the 2012 fiscal year. At the beginning of 2012, Symrise took over Belmay’s Brazilian fragrance business, which has been integrated into local operations.

Dr. Heinz-Jürgen Bertram, CEO of Symrise, said, “Symrise aims at profitable growth and continuously expands its activities in market segments that are growing dynamically. The market for air care products, for example, has been experiencing above-average growth for the past few years. This holds true on an international level and especially for North America, where demand for air care products is particularly strong. Belmay has a strong market position and has been operating profitably for years. With this acquisition, we are further enhancing Symrise’s profile and gaining access to exciting new customer groups.”

In its seventy-seven-year history,the Belmay Group has gradually expanded its perations and grown from being a North American business into an international company with sales markets in Europe, Latin America and Asia. With this acquisition, Symrise is taking over Belmay’s entire existing fragrance customer and product portfolio, the expertise of its research and development department, qualified specialists as well as selected property, plant and equipment.

Belmay’s CEO, Ted Kesten, will continue to own his company known as Scent

2 Market, a design, development and supply chain management company in

the air care segment. Symrise and Scent 2 Market have also entered into an

exclusive supply agreement. In accordance with that agreement, S2M will work

closely with Symrise to satisfy its fragrance compound needs.

Achim Daub, President of the Scent & Care division, said: “Belmay’s product nd customer portfolio perfectly complements Symrise’s portfolio. This will expand our range of products in the area of fine fragrances considerably as well as enhance our expertise in the air care segment. That allows us to serve our customers even better and more efficiently in the future. The transaction also provides us with the opportunity to leverage synergies, which will improve our competitiveness.”

The company is seeking to annex the home at 860 North St. and change its zoning from residential to industrial. Currently there is an unoccupied two-story residence and garage on the land and is in an unincorporated portion of the village.

Wayne Arndt, Chicago Aerosol’s VP of Operations, told the board the company has no immediate plans for the property, but wants to move forward with the annexation and rezoning.

Village trustees accepted the company’s petition, the first step toward annexation. It must also seek a zoning amendment from the village’s Planning and Zoning Board set for consideration on March18 with final approval coming from the trustees on March 25 at the earliest.

Mayor Neal Nelson thanked Arndt for the company’s voluntary request for annexation.

“We appreciate you stepping up and wanting to come in (to the village),” the Mayor said.

Chicago Aerosol is located on a 23-acre site on the village’s north side. The 252,000 square foot plant manufactures personal care items like hairspray, body spray,m deodorant and shave cream.

The Coal City facility, one of two in Illinois, employs 115 people.

“You’re a great employer for our area and a good business,” Nelson told Arndt.

Empack Spraytech faces down flames

Empack Spraytech Inc., of Brampton, Ontario, Canada, had its share of good fortune and hard luck last year. In 2012, it opened a new 65,000 sq. ft. facility. The new building, situated adjacent to the original 60,000 sq. ft. building, was specifically designed to serve as a primary production facility for health and beauty, and products requiring a Health Canada Drug Identification Number (DIN) or Food & Drug Administration (FDA) registration (Empack is already registered with the FDA and, as we go to press, expected to receive its Drug Establishment License from Health Canada last February).
The new building features:

• A new aerosol production line from Pamasol. A second line is planned within two years.
• A complete Pamasol BOV filling line including 100% fill pressure testing
• A new Kalix Tube filling line
• A new Finpac shrink sleeve applicator
• Increased distribution capabilities
• New R&D Laboratory dedicated to drug products
• New individually isolated blending rooms and equipment dedicated to drug products

New personnel

Webster

In 2012, Brian Webster joined the Empack executive team as General Manager of Pharma Operations to oversee the firm’s production of over-the-counter pharmaceuticals in a variety of formats, including continuous sprays and collapsible tubes.

New launches
In conjunction with its Drug Establishment License, Empack started manufacturing sunscreens and sun care products last month. This includes continuous sprays and lotions under private label and a full line of premium sunscreen products under its SunZone brand. It also launched a new product line of automotive care and cleaning products under its Emzone brand.
Also in 2012, Empack Spraytech Inc. was the winner of the Advanced Manufacturing Award for its innovative work in the automotive and chemical sectors at the 16th Annual Brampton Outstanding Business Achievement Awards. Check it out at:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvdKzr5a8go&feature=youtube_gdata_player

Nalbandian

Original facility catches fire
On Dec. 17, 2012, Empack Spraytech experienced a plant fire in the batching area of its original building. Because of the safety measures and procedures put in place, the fire did not spread to the whole building and more importantly, no one was seriously hurt, explained Empack President Raffi Nalbandian.

“The new building remained unaffected,” Nalbandian said.  “However, as a result of the fire, part of the older building and one of the aerosol lines sustained major damage. We immediately set in motion all contingency plans in order to address the damage and ensure there was no or limited impact to our customer base. Within 48 hours, we were producing product and shipping from the new building. While significant work was required to clean up and secure the original plant, we now have one production line running again in the affected area. Using all our capabilities and production lines in both buildings, we are able to ensure that all orders are now shipping with very minimal delays.”

Empack in 2013
Empack is expecting its best year ever.

“Our growth will continue as we launch new programs, such as sun care and other premium health and beauty products, with major retailers and brands in Canada and the U.S.,” emphasized Nalbandian. “We will continue rebuilding the damaged area of the older building as we simultaneously take advantage of the production capabilities, new R&D labs and batching areas in the new building,” he concluded.

Sandy leaves American Spraytech in the dark…(temporarily)

Lalwani

American Spraytech LLC is a contract filler of aerosol cosmetic and over-the-counter (OTC) drug spray products. Its North Branch, NJ plant has been in business since 1982. American Spraytech acquired the plant in 2003 with two lines, operating one shift, with a total annual capacity of 12 million cans. By 2014, according to American Spraytech President Allen Lalwani, the filler—which is solely a contract manufacturer with no private label products of its own—will have five aerosol lines and one bag-on-valve (BOV) line operating two shifts with a total annual capacity of 75 million cans. When it began its operations in 2003, the company had acquired a 25,000 sq. ft. facility on 2.25 acres. American Spraytech added 50,000 sq. ft. of warehouse space in 2012, and plans to expand its production facility in 2013 by doubling the footprint of the North Branch plant campus. By 2014, American Spraytech will have facilities totaling in excess of 125,000 sq. ft., spread over five acres, said Lalwani.
In 2012, American Spraytech increased its filling capacity by 50% in traditional aerosols. In addition, it increased production from one shift to two shifts daily, went from a five-day work week to six days a week, and added one new aerosol filling line and one BOV line to the existing two lines. In 2013, American Spraytech will add two more aerosol filling lines in the new production facility being built on its existing site.
All components used by American Spraytech to fill products for its customers are sourced from U.S companies or made in the U.S., noted Lalwani.

New personnel
Bob Flaherty leads plant operations under Bob Swiatecki, Director of Operations. Flaherty added three new production managers to his staff last year and will add to these positions in 2013. Manav Lalwani leads the new business development team with a growing group of R&D chemists, headed by industry veteran Bill Lueschen.

New launches
American Spraytech customers launched several new technologically advanced cosmetic hair and skin care aerosol and OTC drug BOV products in 2012.

“Our new formulations lead to several million cans in previously untapped business opportunities for our customers,” said Lalwani. “Some of the new technologies were patented by American Spraytech to protect our customers’ interests. In 2013, there will be more launches of ‘first to market’ products from American Spraytech.”

Superstorm Sandy dims the lights
When Hurricane or “Superstorm” Sandy hit New Jersey on Oct. 29, 2012, American Spraytech was without power for eight days, completely shutting down the plant and offices.

“We received no insurance reimbursement, as the plant didn’t suffer any damages, explained Lalwani.
“Power was restored on the afternoon of Nov. 6 [and] we were back in production on Nov. 7. On the afternoon of the 7th, we convened a meeting with all office and plant workers and put together a plan to get shipments back on schedule.
“First, we assured all the employees that whether paid hourly or salaried, all wages and salaries were being paid for time lost and that no one will miss a beat. This boosted morale instantly, and it was the right thing to do for our American Spraytech family.
“Second, we offered everyone a chance to put in extra hours and earn substantial overtime pay in order to play catch-up. The goal was to get shipments current within three weeks—by the end of November.
“Third, we increased our production line time to all three aerosol lines running two shifts. We increased plant management and quality control staffing hours to match the requirements of the lines.
“Fourth, we kept our customers informed of the progress on an as-needed basis. By the first week of December, we were completely back to normal. All customers got what they needed, when they needed it, and no American Spraytech customer experienced any out of stock situation as a result of these efforts.
“Finally, included in its expansion plans for 2013, American Spraytech will build in a power back-up system to keep the plant operational under similar circumstances in the future. The weather pattern is becoming too extreme, requiring contingency plans included as part of our standard operating procedures.”

American Spraytech’s Tower Building

 See Spray’s Contract Fillers Guide here

This year is starting off very busily. We have the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) issue with low vapor pressue (LVPs). Now, SCAQMD will begin work on CTS-01, CTS-02 and CTS-03. CARB has resumed work on its rule development currently scheduled for a July board hearing. Utah has started a VOC rule development on Consumer Products. Additionally, Canada has finally resumed its work from years ago on a rule development, and last but not least, the revised Green Chemistry Regulation has been released by DTSC. Busy, busy, busy!

LVP issue
The Low Vapor Pressure (LVP) volatile organic compound (VOC) issue is near and dear to most Consumer Products manufacturers. LVP VOCs will now be studied by CARB todetermine if any change is necessary. This was the decision that came from the SCAQMD Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP).
However, CARB, in its current rulemaking, is considering modifying the LVP-VOC definition for Multi-purpose Solvents and Paint Thinners in this year’s rule development. This change would be made before any studies could be started. This makes no sense. Industry should be appalled that the CARB staff would consider any wholesale changes to any category until the study that CARB management has agreed to do is done.
I should not need to remind everyone, but if any category has the LVP-VOC provision removed, then consider what category will be next. Perhaps your product’s category will be the next category targeted. This is a very slippery slope.

CARB Rule Development
CARB had its most recent workshop on the rule development for Aerosol Coatings and Aerosol Adhesives on Feb. 26, in Sacramento, CA. Additionally, CARB will release its work on LVP-VOC for certain categories as discussed above.
During this rulemaking, I encourage you to address any outstanding issues that you feel need modification while the rule is “open.” For example, the General Purpose Cleaner definition is vague as to all the products that the category encompassed. If you read this definition, it appears to encompass “kitchen cleaners.” However, this category encompasses all hard surface cleaners for home, office, schools, garages, institutions, etc. This is just one example. There are at least a half dozen more definitions that could use modification to make the definitions clearer to the regulated community and avoid undue enforcement actions.

Utah
The Dept. of Environmental Quality for the State of Utah released a draft of a Consumer Products VOC regulation on Jan. 16. On Feb. 6, its board held a public meeting to consider the proposed draft.

It is anticipated that the Dept. of Air Quality (DAQ) will have published a proposed regulation by March 1 for a 30-day comment period. The proposed regulation is likely to be similar to the current adopted Ozone Transport Commission (OTC) rule.

Canada
The Government of Canada published Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Concentration Limits for Certain Products Regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part 1, on April 26, 2008. Environment Canada (EC) consulted with stakeholders on these proposed Regulations, which included approximately 100 product categories and sub-categories. Comments regarding the 2008 proposed Regulations and further suggestions submitted through subsequent consultations have resulted in additional revisions.
On Feb. 7, 2013, EC held a one-day consultation meeting on the proposed VOC regulation for Consumer Products.
More specifically, the meeting was to inform the public and interested stakeholders of the revised proposed regulations for VOCs in certain products. The meeting gave the public and interested parties an opportunity to provide input with regard to the proposed regulations. The proposed administrative requirements, such as reporting and record-keeping were discussed. In addition, the feasibility and timelines for the implementation of the proposed regulatory requirements were discussed.

Environment Canada intends to align product categories with California’s regulations, where appropriate. The proposed regulations would establish concentration limits for products including personal care; automotive and household maintenance products; adhesives, adhesive removers, sealants and caulks; and other miscellaneous products.
The proposed regulation by EC will need some significant input. On the bright side, the VOC categories and limits are the same and EC is open to the idea of the Alternative Control Plan, a variance option and an Innovative Product Exemption. These latter three are all new issues for EC. On the downside, the definitions are vague. More work will be needed here. The good news is that the regulation is being proposed to be effective Jan. 18, 2018. This means we have time.

Green Chemistry
The Safer Consumer Products regulation developed by the Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) has revised the text of this Green Chemistry regulation. The text was released on Jan. 29, 2013 and we had 30 days to comment. Comments were due on Feb. 28, 2013.
The original text was released on July 27, 2012, followed by a public hearing on Sept. 16, 2012. DTSC accepted comments until October 2012.
Copies of the revised text can be viewed at: http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/LawsRegsPolicies/Regs/index.cfm and http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SCPRegulations.cfm.
It appears, as DTSC is serious this time, this is probably our final comment period.

GHS: Waiting for guidance
In both the U.S. and Canada, industry is waiting for guidance on GHS-based regulations. In the U.S., we are awaiting instructions from the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) on a number of issues, including additional guidance on Hazards not Otherwise Classified (HNOCs) and how to appropriately label “dual use” products used both by consumers and in the workplace. Our clients are particularly concerned about dual use labeling, but in our view, HNOCs are a far larger issue, as they open companies up to potentially large civil liability that they may not be aware of.
In Canada, we are awaiting a draft regulation on GHS. Our understanding was that Health Canada’s goal is to have a final regulation in place by in mid-2013 with a two year phase-in period ending in mid-2015, to match with both the U.S. and EU mixture phase-in dates. Since we have reached 2013 without the release of even a draft document, we expect that Health Canada will push back these dates.

GHS and Consumer Products
Once GHS is fully implemented into the industrial/institutional market, expect consumer product regulations to be revised to adopt elements of GHS. This will bring a whole new set of challenges, as many consumer products which were previously considered non-hazardous will now be classified as flammable or toxic due to the more stringent criteria. Our best estimates are that the U.S. and Canada will not alter their consumer regulations until the latter part of the decade, though some countries will do so much sooner. For instance, the Philippines Food & Drug Administration has released its first draft of its GHS based rule for the “Labeling of Household Hazardous Chemicals & Consumer Products”.

Canada re-introduces VOC regulations
On Jan. 16, 2013, Environment Canada announced that they would be revising their proposed VOC Concentration Limits for Certain Products Regulations. The original proposed regulation was published in the Canada Gazette way back in 2008 and has sat idle since then. Environment Canada states that their goal is to “align product categories and limits with those in California’s current Consumer Products Regulations and include an averaging and trading regime similar to California’s Alternative Control Plan.”
More information was given in a public meeting on Feb. 7. To see Doug Raymond’s take on the new proposal, see page 8 of this issue.

DOT Small Quantity change reminder
A reminder: As of Jan. 1, 2013 shippers are no longer authorized to display the ORM-D-AIR mark on their packages. Instead the Y limited quantity mark must be displayed.

What’s on our radar for 2013
It seems every year we hear that this is the year The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) will be significantly reformed, but it may actually happen in 2013. Changes to TSCA would be particularly costly to industry, with the Congressional Budget Office pricing Senator Lautenberg’s The Safe Chemicals Act of 2011 reform at $128 million over the next five years. This is one worth watching closely.
The final regulation for California’s “Green Chemistry” law may be released early in 2013. Given how broad this regulation is likely to be and how many of these rules will be migrating to other jurisdictions, we will also be watching this one closely.
Both the U.S. and Canada are in separate negotiations with the EU with the goal of signing free trade agreements. Canada is reportedly quite close to completing a deal, which is expected in the first quarter of 2013. Any deal will involve a fair bit of regulatory harmonization, so do not be surprised to see some more stringent EU- based regulations make their way over to North America if a trade deal is signed.
As usual, there are more questions than answers in the regulatory world. We are hoping to have some of these issues resolved by next quarter. SPRAY

• Five clean containers
• One container with rusting on the bottom
• Three containers with rusting in the vapor area
• One container with a pit on the body in the product phase
• One container with rusting and pitting in the bottom crevice (bottom double seam)
• One container with rusting on the weld in the product phase

The formula in the containers was from the same batch, so the chemical composition is the same; all the containers came from the same pallet (i.e., manufactured at the same time); and the containers were all filled at the same time. Frustrating!
It would be even more frustrating if you found eleven corroded containers and one pristine, corrosion-free container. Why isn’t the corrosion more consistent?
The answer is complex because a) the surface metallurgy of spray package metals is very complex; b) laminate film, polymer and tin coatings do not bond uniformly with the complex metal surface; c) there are many different types of spray package corrosion; and d) the initiation of corrosion is often a complex chain of events resulting from interactions between your formula and the container.
Let’s explore the metallurgical reasons for spray package corrosion inconsistency.

Corrosion Basics: Metal surfaces & coated metal surfaces are not homogeneous
The Figure on the facing page contains a scanning electron micrograph that shows the metallurgical structure details of the steel used to fabricate tinplated steel aerosol containers. The aluminum used to fabricate aerosol containers and laminated film bags have a similar structure.
The metal in the Figure was prepared by removing the tin coating, mechanical polishing and then etching the steel with an acidic solution to show the metallurgical structure. The larger shapes are referred to as grains. There are also inclusions, precipitates, grain boundaries and crystal defects identified in the Figure.
Notice in the Figure that there are several different grain sizes and shapes. Notice also that there are different grain heights, plus different thicknesses and heights for grain boundaries. The variety of heights and thicknesses resulted from different grains and grain boundaries having different corrosion rates in the etching solution.
Thus the Figure demonstrates that non-uniform corrosion results in part from the complex mixture of the different types of materials and metallurgy on the metal surface. Certain formula compositions will also corrode the different steel and aluminum grains at different rates (e.g., a disinfectant formula verses an aqueous air freshener formula).
Theoretically, polymer coatings and laminate films will bond with all the different materials on the package metal surface identified in the Figure. However, polymer coatings and laminate films actually bond differently with the different types of grains, inclusions, precipitates, grain boundaries and crystal defects.
Some of the polymer-surface-material bonds will be very strong and others will be very weak. For example, polymer and laminate films bonds with precipitates are typically weaker than the corresponding bonds with metal grains. Consequently, the polymer coating and laminate film will also have a random variety of different bonds on the spray package metal surface.
In summary, the surface of a metal container consists of a) a variety of different metal grains, b) different types of grain boundaries, c) inclusions, and d) defects in the grains. The distribution of each grain, grain boundary, precipitate, inclusion and defect is random, thus the exposure of each type of material to your formula is also random. This randomness contributes in part to the randomness of spray package corrosion.
The chemical composition of your formula determines which material on the package metal surface will or will not corrode. The chemical composition of your formula also determines the strength of bonds between the metal and a coating or a laminate film and the distribution of strong and weak bonds over the spray package metal surface.
Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com.
Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from ST&M. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in April.   SPRAY

I am actually writing this article while sitting on a beach in Koh Samui, Thailand. I am here on a much-needed vacation. Knowing that I have to pay for this luxury, I brought my laptop to the beach to do a little work.

DOT’s latest rulemaking
Shortly after I drafted and submitted last month’s article on the state of harmonization in which I stated that I was initially annoyed that the U.S. government was changing its mind again, the U.S. Dept. of Transportation (DOT) did, in fact, flip-flop…again. The DOT had published its final rule HM-215K on Jan. 19, 2011, amending the Consumer Commodity, ORM-D provisions and signaling the beginning of the end for the marking as we have come to know it. In fact, the ORM-D-AIR marking was eliminated on Dec. 31, 2012, leaving only one more year for the ORM-D marking to be eliminated for all ground shipments.
The DOT’s latest rulemaking, HM-215K, published Jan. 7, 2013, stays the execution of the ORM-D marking, which was set to expire on Dec. 31, 2013, until Dec. 31, 2020. Great! (I say that sarcastically). Now I have a new topic on which to write about for next month’s article in Spray.

Flip-Flops
As I lay here in a chaise lounge, poolside on Ban Taai Beach, it hits me…flip-flops! The DOT’s reversal is kind of like a pair of flip-flops. They’ll get you from here to there, but they’re not really effective and will become quite irritating and uncomfortable after long periods of time.
The same is true of the Consumer Commodity, ORM-D marking, I suppose. It will work, and it will get you from point A to point B in the U.S. (and possibly Canada), but it won’t work anywhere else. So why continue to delay the inevitable? Wouldn’t it be simpler to just make the change from Consumer Commodity, ORM-D to the new Limited Quantity marking for all modes of transport and just be done with it?
There is, essentially, no difference in the handling, documentation and packaging requirements for ORM-D versus the new limited quantity marking. I suppose that shippers that have significant stocks of pre-packed ORM-D materials would want to move their inventory to eliminate the need for remarking. However, who has a seven-year supply on hand? Consider also that many of these products probably have short shelf lives (e.g., cosmetics, aerosols).
As for my clients, I am suggesting—strongly—that they make the transition now, or at some point this year, to facilitate international commerce and to be certain and not subjected to the back-and-forth indecisiveness of the U.S. DOT. I would encourage all manufacturers and shippers to give serious consideration to making the transition at some point in the near future—sooner rather  than later.  SPRAY

Investment in this new factory complements the $93 million committed to building new homecare liquids and distribution facilities in Thailand announced last week and $99.56 million to building a new home care factory and expanding existing manufacturing plants in South Africa announced at the end of January.

Pier Luigi Sigismondi, Chief Supply Chain Officer of Unilever, said that the investment in India is part of the company’s broader expansion plans to achieve its ambition of doubling business, while halving environmental impact. “The Khamgaon plant is one of the thirty new factories being built by 2015 and we will utilize the latest technology to deliver the increased quality products our consumers demand whilst meeting the Unilever Sustainable Living Plan commitments,” added Sigismondi.

The company said investment in Khamgaon would be phased over three years and production capacity will gradually be scaled up to generate direct employment to over 150 people and indirect employment to about 200 people. The plant will service demand from India and across Southeast Asia, including Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore and Vietnam. It will utilize the latest technologies to maximize energy efficiency and reduce waste water to zero, the company said.

Dr. Paul Jackson, BAMA’s Technical Director, said: “Aerosols are classified as dangerous goods for transport and the regulations therefore require that any shipments must be fully declared and adequately packaged, including sample products. The Guide provides a valuable route map through the complex legislation, covering UK and international transport.”
The Guide, which is free to BAMA members, covers how to consign aerosols for transport in each mode, the classification, packaging, testing, marking and labeling necessary as well as which documentation needed. It outlines training needs for staff engaged in transportation and preparing goods for shipment via road, rail, sea or air.

BAMA is also arranging a training course on the topic, which like the Guide is free to BAMA members, on May 15.

“Bull Frog is an iconic brand that we believe will respond positively to our laser focus on the sun care category and our commitment to growing brands through innovation, advertising and best-in-class retail service,” said Steve Taylor, CEO, Sun & Skin Care Research. “We are well positioned to leverage the Bull Frog market opportunity and drive the brand to a new level. This acquisition is consistent with our long-term strategy, which includes growing our sun care portfolio with clearly differentiated offerings as part of a broader diversification strategy.”

“Closing Elgin reduces capacity and, coupled with other changes within our manufacturing system, will enable us to maximize value in our existing business by supplying customers from a consolidated asset base and redistributing some manufacturing operations within our system,” said Michael Feldser, COO of Ball’s global metal food and household products packaging business.

The Elgin plant produces aerosol and specialty steel cans as well as flat steel sheet used by other Ball food and household products packaging facilities. The plant’s 245 employees will be provided benefits, including outplacement and severance pay, in accordance with company policies and the effects bargaining process. Elgin employees can apply for open positions within Ball.

Ball will report an after-tax charge of approximately $21 million for this closure, the majority of which will be recorded in 2013.

On Jan. 25, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) held their executive Board meeting to consider adoption of the South Coast Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). Remember, this is the AQMP that in December the Industry was successful in removing the provision CTS-04, which proposed to change the definition of low vapor pressure volatile organic compounds (LVP-VOC). Industry was successful in removing this one provision. However, three provisions remain: CTS-01, CTS-02 and CTS-03. These will affect Architectural Coatings CTS-01, Solvents & Adhesives CTS-02 and Mold Releases CTS-03. If your company makes any products in these categories, you need to pay attention to this issue. After the AQMP is adopted, the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) will likely begin the rulemaking process.

CARB rulemaking

CARB will be proposing another workshop in late February on their current rulemaking. Remember, CARB staff is proposing to modify VOC limits on Aerosol Paints and Aerosol Adhesives. The current proposed limits are on CARB’s website at http://www.arb.ca.gov/consprod/consprod.htm#whatsnew.

In addition, CARB staff is proposing to modify the LVP-VOC definition for Paint Thinners and Multi-purpose Solvents (same issue as in SCAQMD). As an industry, we cannot allow any change to the LVP-VOC definition. If this definition is changed for these two categories, where will it end? What will be the next category that CARB thinks should not have the LVP-VOC definition apply? The LVP-VOC definition was included in the original consumer products regulations. All VOC limits that have been adopted relied on the LVP-VOC definition. Industry has spent millions of dollars reformulating using LVPs. CARB should not be allowed to arbitrarily determine which categories are allowed to use LVPs and which are not. This will be another significant hurdle the industry faces. We need your support, remember your product category could be the next category CARB “decides” should not get to use LVP-VOC definitions.

CARB reminders

First reminder: Your date code information needs to be submitted to CARB by Jan. 31 of each year, if you do not use the standard date code in the regulations. This reminder will be after that date, however better late than never. Failure to supply unique date codes is subject to enforcement fines.

Second reminder: Numerous new limits became effective on Dec. 31, 2012. These new limits are very low, namely General Purpose Degreaser non-aerosol and General Purpose Cleaner non-aerosol. Both limits are now at 0.5% VOC. Pay very close attention to these new limits. Failure to comply is subject to enforcement fines and at these very low limits, fines will add up quickly.

Green Chemistry

As we go to press, a new draft of the “Safer Consumer Product Regulation” was expected to be released later in January. The Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) has been working on reviewing comments and modify the regulations. Hopefully, some of the Industy’s issues will be addressed, such as too many chemicals of concern, no deminimus level, and confidential business information concerns.

After the new proposed draft regulation is released, industry will likely have only a short time—probably thirty days or less—to review and comment.

New Issue in Utah

Utah is looking to add a VOC regulation on Consumer Products. Currently, only a draft is out. More to come on this issue.

Surprise, Surprise!

I threw Volume 1 aside and tore into Volume 2, scanning the Dangerous Goods List (DGL) for UN1950, AEROSOLS. When I finally came upon the page in question (p. 98), I was shocked! There was only one entry in the DGL for UN1950, AEROSOLS. The hazard class listed was Class 2. It seems as though the steamship line that refused the shipment may have been correct!

The previous edition of the IMDG Code contained more than 20 different entries for UN1950, including iterations for Divisions 2.1 (flammable) and 2.2 (non-flammable), subsidiary risks of 6.1 (toxic) and 8 (corrosive), and every possible combination thereof. Also included in Amendment 35-10 were entries for UN1950, WASTE AEROSOLS.

Seeing the consolidated classification and single entry only in the new IMDG Code caused me to reflect back on a brief period of time where, during one or two iterations of the Code, limited quantities of aerosols were classified and described as AEROSOLS, 2, UN1950, LTD QTY. I distinctly remember that the lack of a division (Class 2 vs. 2.1 or 2.2) created quite a stir among shippers and carriers. Eventually, everyone became used to it and then in the next amendment, the divisions were broken out again.

Closer Inspection

Now, I’m wondering if we really are moving toward harmonization between countries and modes of transportation, or if the International Maritime Organization is going off on a tangent (which they have done from time-to-time)? At first glance, I became really annoyed. How does the government expect shippers and carriers to comply if they keep changing the rules?

Additionally, although there is a one-year transition phase for compliance with the new IMDG Code, Amdt. 36-12, many steamship lines have already begun to implement the new Code. No surprise there, because the two previous Amendments, Amdt 34-08 and Amdt. 35-10, became mandatory shortly after being published and a transitional period was not offered.

However, upon closer inspection, I see that there is, in fact, a one year transition period with the new IMDG Code. Compliance with Amdt. 36-12 is voluntary as of Jan. 1, 2013 and does not become mandatory until Jan. 1, 2014. Whew—a reprieve!

As it turns out, the latest amendment of the IMDG Code actually hides all of the “fine print” in the Special Provisions within Chapter 3.3 of Volume 2. Although the previous Amendment (35-10) also listed the same Special Provisions, most people didn’t really pay any attention to the finer details. Every different type of aerosol had its own entry in the table and the class/division and subsidiary risk were clearly laid out.

It is more critical than ever that you now actually read and understand the minutia within these Special Provisions. If you rely only on the Dangerous Goods List for the description, as the carrier did in this case, you may be in violation of the U.S. DOT’s Hazardous Materials Regulations and those standards for any country that requires compliance with the IMDG Code.

For example, Special Provision 63 of the IMDG Code clearly states that:

The division of Class 2 and the subsidiary risks depend on the nature of the contents of the aerosol dispenser. The following provisions shall apply:

1. Class 2.1 applies if the contents include 85% by mass or more flammable components and the chemical heat of combustion is 30 kJ/g or more;

2. Class 2.2 applies if the contents contain 1% by mass or less flammable components and the heat of combustion is less than 20 kJ/g;

3. Otherwise the product shall be classified as tested by the tests described in the United Nations Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, section 31. Extremely flammable and flammable aerosols shall be classified in class 2.1; non-flammable in class 2.2;

4. Gases of class 2.3 shall not be used as a propellant in an aerosol dispenser;

5. Where the contents other than the propellant of aerosol dispensers to be ejected are classified as class 6.1 packing groups II or III or class 8 packing groups II or III, the aerosol shall have a subsidiary risk of class 6.1 or class 8;

6. Aerosols with contents meeting the criteria for packing group I for toxicity or corrosivity shall be prohibited from transport.

7. Except for consignments transported in limited quantities (see chapter 3.4), packages containing aerosols shall bear labels for the primary risk and for the subsidiary risk(s), if any.

Flammable components are flammable liquids, flammable solids or flammable gases and gas mixtures as defined in Notes 1 to 3 of sub-section 31.1.3 of Part III of the United Nations Manual of Tests and Criteria. This designation does not cover pyrophoric, self-heating or water-reactive substances. The chemical heat of combustion shall be determined by one of the following methods ASTM D 240, ISO/FDIS 13943: 1999 (E/F) 86.1 to 86.3 or NFPA 30B.

So, as it turns out, my client was, in fact, correct. However, it is plausible to assume that carriers will hold or reject shipments until they receive an amended Dangerous Goods Declaration that declares the goods (erroneously) as UN1950, AEROSOLS, 2, LTD QTY, as opposed to the appropriate description as UN1950, AEROSOLS, 2.1, LTD QTY or UN1950, AEROSOLS, 2.2, LTD QTY, whichever the case may be.

Therefore, I urge all shippers, carriers and forwarders to carefully read the Special Provisions of the current IMDG Code, Amdt. 36-12. Be prepared to educate the ocean carrier, non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC), or freight forwarder as to the latest requirements, if, and invariably when, one of your shipments is held or rejected.

A copy of the Special Provisions for UN1950, AEROSOLS from the current IMDG Code Amendment (36-12) is available for download at ShipMate’s website, or by pasting the following URL into your web browser’s address bar:

http://www.shipmate.com/library/updates/UN1950_IMDG36-12.pdf

SPRAY

In generic terms, localized corrosion is metal or polymer corrosion that occurs in small areas, typically in occluded areas such as the double seams in steel aerosol containers; the valve crimp area in all types of spray packages and the welds in bag-type spray packaging

Localized corrosion of polymer coatings and laminate films is typically in the form of blisters. Localized corrosion for metals is crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion or both.

Crevice corrosion is a form of general corrosion that occurs inside an occluded area of the container, such as aerosol container seams and valve crimps. However, crevice corrosion is distinguished from general corrosion in open areas of your packages because crevice corrosion is much faster than general corrosion.

In addition, microenvironments form inside corroding crevices. The chemical composition of a microenvironment is significantly different from the chemical composition of your formula, even though the solution that forms the microenvironment originates from your formula.

Pitting corrosion is very small pin-point corrosion—typically ranging from less than one millimeter to several millimeters. Pitting corrosion is very rapid and eventually perforates the container metal of traditional steel or aluminum aerosol containers; aerosol valves and the aluminum foil in laminated foil packaging (e.g., bag-on-valve or bag-in-can). Pitting corrosion occurs a) under polymer coatings and laminate films, b) in occluded areas and c) in open areas of the spray package. Pitting corrosion is also often associated with crevice corrosion.

An interesting aspect of metal pitting corrosion is that individual pits need a very large area surrounding them to support their very high corrosion rates. Ironically, the pit protects the surrounding (supporting) area from corroding. Hence, it might look like corrosion is concentrated at a pit, but the supporting area is actually protected from corrosion by the growing pit.

Another interesting aspect of both crevice and pitting corrosion is the microenvironment chemistry inside the pit cavity and inside the crevice. The corrosion reaction and transport of materials into and out of the crevice or pit cavity buffers the microenvironment solution to a pH of four. The solution outside the crevice or pit cavity—your formula—could be lower than four or very basic (above pH 10), but the microenvironment solution pH s maintained at four.

A solution with a pH of four is very aggressive toward the steel and the aluminum used for all types of spray packaging. Hence, the corrosion rates inside crevices and pits are very high, often leading to package service lifetimes that are less than one year.

Polymer blistering is also a complex form of localized corrosion. A persistent spray package corrosion myth is that pitting corrosion under polymer coatings is caused by a hole in the coating. However, this myth does not explain why blisters with pits are often filled with gas or liquid under pressure. The gas and liquid under pressure could not form if the coating had a hole in it (much like trying to inflate a balloon with a hole in it).

Much like uncoated metals, individual pits under coatings need a very large area surrounding them to support their very high corrosion rates. Consequently, a large area of coating around the pit also needs to fail—lose its barrier properties—to support the pit growth under a blister or under a coating. Hence, it looks like corrosion is concentrated at the pit under the blister, but a large area of coating must also fail if the pit is to continue growing.

The substrate metal atoms are oxidized around the center of a blister and subsequently leave the metal as ions. This area is referred to as an anode (metal atoms are oxidized). Free electrons produced by metal oxidation move through the metal to the outer edges of the blister to reduce formula water and formula ingredients. The outer edges of the blister are referred to as cathodes (reduction occurs).

The anode area under a blister often has a low pH and the pH for the cathode area is very high—on the order of 12. This high pH breaks the polymer-metal bonds causing the coating to separate (disbond) from the substrate metal.

Formula water and ingredients continue to diffuse through the blister to fill the cavity in response to metal corrosion under the blister, and thus support further metal-polymer disbonding at the edge of the blister. In other words, diffusion of solution into the blister causes the blister to continue growing.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from ST&M. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in March.

The ethnic personal care market is wide-reaching and ever-growing.

Market research firm Packaged Facts estimates that U.S. retail sales of ethnic health and beauty care (EHBC) products grew to over $2.9 billion in 2011, up from $2.2 billion in 2007. The total percentage gain for the five-year period was 32%, according to Packaged Facts’ 8th edition of Ethnic Hair, Skin & Cosmetics Products in the U.S., which covers the retail marketplace for EHBC products sold to consumers. 

Compared to HBC categories overall, which saw weak growth in 2009 and 2010 and regained momentum only in 2011, the EHBC market has performed remarkably well, although nowhere near its pre-recessionary growth rate of 17% in 2007. That EHBC products avoided the kinds of losses experienced in many other consumer product markets as a result of the recession is testament to how devoted ethnic consumers are to their HBC products.

Sales of EHBC skin care rose 2% to $232 million, for an 8% share in 2011, said Packaged Facts. 

The hair care category accounted for 55% of the EHBC market in 2011, with nearly $1.6 billion in sales, up 4% from 2010. In 2011, beauty supply stores and mass retail outlets (supermarkets, drugstores, and mass merchandisers/supercenters), claimed 40% and 35% shares of retail dollar sales of EHBC products, respectively. All other channels combined, including prestige and “pop prestige” (e.g., Sephora and Ulta) outlets, accounted for one-quarter of the market’s sales in 2011. 

Despite the large number of Hispanic and Asian consumers in the U.S., the majority of EHBC products target African Americans. Although this may be easily explained by some of their unique needs, the fact remains that U.S. consumers of Hispanic, Asian, Arab and other racial and ethnic descent have their own product needs and preferences that are currently not being met, said Packaged Facts. Beyond language differences, these varied cultural groups also respond differently to product placement and advertising appeals.

 Latino purchasing power remains strong 

The Latino market in the U.S. is a dynamic, complex market segment composed of multiple groups of distinct cultures. Hispanic or Latino is the largest minority group in the country, comprising 16.3% of the total population and growing at a very fast rate, according to market research firm Kline & Co. With the ever increasing population of U.S. Hispanics, there has been a tremendous increase in their spending power as well. 

The young Hispanic population uses personal care products frequently and likes to experiment with new products. The Hispanic community’s expenditure on personal care products and services is slightly higher than the national average. Hispanics are far more brand-conscious compared to people of other ethnicities. While trading down from favorite brands to better priced private label brands is not unusual for the general U.S. consumer, the incidence of such is much lower among Hispanic consumers, despite the recent recession.

Many Hispanics purchase personal care products online–with 32% of them purchasing perfume in this manner. 

Hispanic consumers tend to be inspired by Latina-turned-mainstream role models, such as actors Eva Longoria and Salma Hayek, and singers Christina Aguilera and Jennifer Lopez, who has earned about $80 million in perfume sales, which includes a total of 18 scents released in the last 10 years.

Market leader Wal-Mart and other retailers are increasing shelf space for products targeted at the Hispanic market, as well as opening stores specifically aimed at Hispanic consumers and areas. 

While purchasing power for many Hispanic families has suffered significantly in recent years, often more than many other segments of the population, the purchasing power of Hispanics as a whole remains resilient and uncompromised, concluded Kline & Co.

 For the love of curly hair

Many ethnicities sport naturally curly hair, which grows in a unique, twisting pattern. These curved hair fibers intersect with each other more often than any other hair type, making it easy for knots and tangles to form. To help out, DevaCurl created DevaCurl No-Comb Detangling Spray to untangle, fortify and revitalize dry, damaged and frizz-prone curls while naturally restoring moisture balance.

Fingers are the gentlest way to detangle curls without causing breakage or disturbing curl formation, according to DevaCurl, and with No-Comb Detangling Spray, fingers slip and glide right through the hair. The lightweight, conditioning, leave-in detangler can be applied to wet or dry curls and features an exclusive blend of botanical conditioners to hydrate, soften and add shine to all curl types, regardless of length or texture. The product’s low pH helps to smooth the hair cuticle and reduce the risk of hair breakage.

In 1984, hair stylist Ouidad opened the first salon in the U.S. to cater exclusively to curly hair. Since then, her trademarked styling techniques and specialized line of products have sought to instill confidence in curly- and wavy-haired people everywhere.

Ouidad Curl Quencher HydraFusion Intense Curl Cream is specifically designed for tighter curls. Its HydraFusion Complex is a blend of conditioners including milk thistle and sweet almond extract for intense moisturization to feed and strengthen curls as it instantly defines and softens. Hydrolyzed silk protein wraps each strand so moisture stays in and frizz and dryness are eliminated. Curls stay defined, shiny and healthy-looking all day.

L’Oréal Paris Ever Hair Expertise introduced the EverCurl system, designed specifically for women with curls. While curl shoppers once had to make a trip to the salon or specialty store to find curl-friendly products, they now have a professionally-inspired and more importantly, gentle, curl system available at mass.

The line offers women a customized hair care regimen that suits all curl types—from loose waves to tight curls. In addition to being gentle on the hair fiber, EverCurl’s sulfate-free formula causes very little friction on hair, which 

ultimately means fewer frizzies. Curls are left hydrated, defined and full of bounce and shine. The formula, with hibiscus extract and grape seed oil, nourish and care for curls while also imparting fruity and floral fragrance notes. The line includes E

verCurl Sculpt & Hold Cream-Gel, Hydracharge Cleansing Conditioner and Hydracharge Leave-In Cream.

Colomer U.S.A. launched Crème of Nature Replenishing Sheen Spray with Argan Oil From Morocco. Moroccan argan oil provides radiant shine, nourishment and protection for dry hair, imparting a healthy, long-lasting sheen. The can is from DS Containers.

Jane Carter Solution was created to fill a need for natural hair products that work effectively on all hair textures. Products have been formulated for dry hair, regardless of texture or ethnicity and cleanse, condition and nourish kinky hair, curly hair, straight, relaxed, color treated and locked hair.

Jane Carter Solution Natural Hold Locking Spray is alcohol-free and won’t leave hair dry and brittle. It re-hydrates twists and locks and helps maintain the look of freshly twisted hair. Wrap & Roll soft mousse for setting and wrapping dries clean and soft without leaving any residue. Formulated for dry, color-treated or damaged hair, the natural glycerides, essential oils and moisturizers leave hair soft and shiny. 

Natural Hold Spray Gel is water-based and can be used for flat-ironing hair to protect it from heat damage, smooth the cuticle and add shine. Smaller amounts make soft curls and a heavier concentration makes “stiffer” curls. Revitalizing Leave-In Conditioner seals in vital panthenol and humectants and acts as a protective barrier against heat styling and sun damage. It can be used as a re-hydrator or for flat ironing or roller setting fine hair. 

Afam Concept, Inc. recently launched two hair care sprays for all hair textures. Olive oil has been use by women all over the world as part of their beauty regimen for skin and hair for centuries. Rich in Vitamin E ands Omega 3, this healing oil helps slow down the aging process by restoring health and providing protection from damage. Vitale Olive Oil Sheen Spray transforms dull dry hair into smoother looking hair with long lasting brilliant sheen. Formulated with olive oil and other botanical extracts, it conditions and protects hair form humidity and breakage. 

Hawaiian Silky Herbal Silken Oil Sheen Spray is infused with botanical ingredients to provide shine and added sparkle to styles. It restores a healthy, natural looking shine to dehydrated hair. Both products come in a can from DS Containers.

 The quest for fair skin

Skin whitening is one of the rapidly growing segments of the global beauty industry. The global skin whitening market holds vast growth potential, especially from the rapidly expanding Asian markets. Skin lightening products that prevent or inhibit pigmentation (including brown spots and freckles) and consist of anti-aging features are gaining popularity, particularly among consumers in the western world. 

Japan dominates the global skin lighteners market, according to Global Industry Analysts, Inc. However, the market in Asia-Pacific is projected to boom, driven by the fast growing markets of China and India. Apart from Asia, western countries such as the U.S. and UK are emerging as potential markets for skin whitening products. The growing 

proportion of ethnic groups (Asians, Hispanics and African Americans) in these regions is a major contributor to the enhanced demand for skin lighteners. 

Shiseido White Lucent Intensive Spot Targeting Serum is an anti-spot serum with an intensified power formulation, featuring the Multi-Action Brightening System+ and ME Complex, created to diminish visible stubborn dark spots in ten days and prevent future pigmentation from appearing. M-Tranexamic Acid suppresses skin inflammation that accelerates melanin formation; 4MSK diminishes the activity of the enzyme tyrosinase, which initiates the melanin formation process; Multi-Target Vitamin C blocks the last step of melanin formation while MelanoCrush Energizer helps eliminate accumulated melanin pigment from the skin by accelerating cell turnover.

Clinique’s Even Better Clinical Dark Spot Corrector helps fade the appearance of dark spots, age spots and discoloration due to aging, years of accumulated sun damage, environmental assaults 

and past acne scarring. According to Clinique, clinical tests have proven the performance to be comparable to a leading prescription ingredient at four, eight and 12 weeks, with results of visibly reducing dark spots by 58% and evening skin tone by 53%. Cinique’s patent-pending CL-302 complex features plant-derived technology that is clinically proven to significantly improve evenness of skin tone, radiance and clarity. 

 Engaging the Middle East

Inspired by the historically strong fragrance culture of the Middle East and its distinctive olfactive preferences, new Estée Lauder Wood Mystique is a direct response to the Middle East consumers’ desire for lavish, elegant fragrances which offer perfumed luxury and a lingering scented trail as a “hidden communicator” of quality and good taste. 

“Part of our fragrance strategy is to address local cultural tastes and preferences which provide the opportunity for a very unique connection with our consumers,” said Karyn Khoury, Senior VP, Corporate Fragrance Development Worldwide, The Estée Lauder Cos. 

Characterized as an oriental wood, the unisex fragrance begins with distilled rose, peony petals and pink pepper. At the heart is Precious Rose de Mai Absolute, Egyptian Jasmine Absolute, Mimosa Provence Absolute, Orris Morocco and ylang. The scent is rounded out with patchouli, leather, Indonesian benzoin, cedarwood SFE (a smooth cedar extraction being used here for the first time in perfumery), raspberry and Agar wood, distilled from the heartwood of the Aquillaria tree, for balsamic woodiness.

Intended for display like an exquisite piece of jewelry, the luxurious 3.4oz/100mL Eau de Parfum Spray bottle features a weighted translucent grey cap topped off with an elegant gold beveled plaque that snaps closed.  

 Smooth skin for guys

“Metrosexual,” a term coined by Mark Simpson in 1994, became synonymous with urban men who spend a lot of time (and money) on their appearance. Although the term is not used as frequently now, the habits and attitudes it inspired remain. 

Created for the active lifestyle of today’s man, Turo Skin is a multi-beneficial, simplified skincare system specifically formulated for the personal care needs of men. The collection offers essential quick and easy-to-understand solutions for face, shave, hair and body. 

A board-certified plastic surgeon, Turo Skin Founder & CEO John Renucci set out to create a men’s skin care line that is simple to use, highly effective and combines a maximum number of ingredients packed into each formula to assure the benefits of skin care in as few steps as possible. According to testimony on the Turo Skin website, the Multi-Active Shave Foam helps prevent rash, razor burn and folliculitis—a complaint that occurs mainly in black men, with inflammation caused by curly beard hairs cut too short and curving back into facial skin.

 Booming Business

Packaged Facts expects the U.S. market for ethnic HBC products to remain on a healthy growth track through 2016, with increases in the 5%-7% range bringing sales to $3.9 billion. Moreover, this growth could be substantially higher should more marketers begin to target Hispanics, the largest and still fast-growing group of EHBC consumers. Due to the market’s massive growth potential, even continued economic sluggishness is not expected to deter growth.   SPRAY

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Targeting Hispanic households…

Based on consumer research, Clorox announced the arrival of Clorox Fraganzia, a new line of aromatizing products designed to appeal to Hispanic scent preferences. The Clorox Fraganzia line consists of three products designed to imbue homes with welcoming, clean, fresh scents: aerosol air freshener, multi-purpose dilutable cleaner and toilet bowl rim hanger.

David Cardona, Clorox Multi Cultural Team Leader, explained, “We identified this valuable opportunity based on the unique needs and lifestyle of our Hispanic customers.”

The Clorox Fraganzia line was developed incorporating proprietary and syndicated research that helped Clorox identify the scents that most appeal to Hispanics. These include Lavender with Eucalyptus & Mint, Spring, Forest Dew, Pine Woods and Fresh Squeezed Lemon.

Although known as the “Globally Harmonized System” (GHS), the U.S. implementation of GHS (known as Hazcom 2012) contains four hazard classes not found in other implementations of GHS, such as the European Union’s CLP. These four hazard classes (along with many other differences) make it impossible to simply import a European Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or label and use it in the U.S. Furthermore, the fourth class, “hazards not otherwise classified” (HNOCs) will require that industry standards be monitored heavily and SDSs be updated frequently to ensure that they contain all relevant HNOCs. Failure to do so increases the risk that firms can face civil liabilities and class-action lawsuits.

The first three new hazard classes are relatively straight forward. The first, Pyrophoric Gases, is defined as “a chemical in a gaseous state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130°F or below.”

The second, Simple Asphyxiants, are defined as “substances or mixtures that displace oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and death.”

Finally, Combustible Dust follows the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)’s earlier Hazard Communication Guidance for Combustible Dusts. Each of the three classes has their own standardized hazard language that needs to appear on both SDSs and industrial labels.

The fourth class, “hazards not otherwise classified” (HNOC) is significantly different than the first three as it is a “catch-all” for a variety of different hazards. Hazcom 2012 defines an HNOC as: “Hazard not otherwise classified (HNOC) means an adverse physical or health effect identified through evaluation of scientific evidence during the classification process that does not meet the specified criteria for the physical or health hazard classes addressed in this section. This does not extend coverage to adverse physical and health effects for which there is a hazard class addressed in this section, but the effect either falls below the cut-off value/concentration limit of the hazard class or is under a GHS hazard category that has not been adopted by OSHA (e.g. acute toxicity Category 5).”

Fortunately there are no requirements to provide information on HNOCs on a product label (though companies are free to do so if they wish). They do, however, need to be clearly identified on Section Two of the SDS. Because there is no standardization of HNOCs, there is no standardized language that is needed when a HNOC is encountered.

The introduction of HNOCs was controversial since it is unclear exactly what companies should be looking for when identifying HNOCs. The Hazcom 2012 guidance document only lists one example of an HNOC—“static accumulators.” The open-endedness of the criteria has been highly criticized, with the Coalition for Workplace Safety calling the category “open-ended, and therefore subject to entirely too broad and discretionary an interpretation, making it unworkable.” OSHA watcher Marc Freedman has also been highly critical of the concept of HNOCs:

“Producers of covered chemicals and users of these chemicals will now have to divine what other hazards OSHA will expect them to cover in their safety data sheets and training that are beyond the specific and objectively identified hazards already included in the regulation. This uncertainty means they will never know when they have satisfied the requirements of this regulation. This new requirement contradicts the precise hazard categories and specific criteria defining these categories around which the regulation is structured.”

In Nexreg’s view, this criticism is valid. Companies will now not only be required to follow what is in the Hazcom 2012 rules, but also determine all possible HNOCs and ensure that their products do not meet any common sense definition of those hazards. It is not sufficient to just describe possible hazards within the SDS, an SDS author needs to ensure that those hazards are described and listed in Section Two of the SDS.

At Nexreg, we are taking the following steps to deal with the issue of HNOCs, and are advising our clients and colleagues to do the same:

1. Once a year, survey SDSs from a variety of industries to

see what hazards have been commonly accepted by industry as being suitable HNOCs.

2. For each of those HNOCs, develop a set of rules to determine whether the product meets a reasonable definition of that HNOC

3. For each product authored, classify the product on both explicit hazard classes from Hazcom 2012 as well as our compiled list of HNOCs.

We believe that failure to take these steps could lead to increased liability for firms. It is easy to envision a scenario where a company is taken to court by a user for failure to warn about a potential HNOC when other similar chemical products contained such a warning. This is why we believe it is important to ensure that your company’s list of HNOCs are in-line with industry standards.

Part 2 appeared in the July 2012 issue of ST&M.

Elimination of the ORM-D-AIR Marking

The first milestone is an important step toward the international harmonization of limited quantities with respect to marking and labeling. The elimination of ORM-D-AIR marking was first contemplated in the 1980s, but it was not until DOT’s Final Rule HM-215K, published on Jan. 19, 2011, that the deadline for the use of the marking was finally known. DOT Final Rulemaking HM-215K also includes a deadline for the use of the Consumer Commodity, ORM-D marking on Jan.1, 2014.

Although the U.S. DOT’s Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) has long recognized the need to authorize exceptions for the transport of certain types of hazardous materials, described as limited quantities, or consumer commodities, there was considerable resistant from the industry, when the elimination of this classification was first proposed. However, in recent years, there has been considerable domestic interest in pursuing further harmonization with international standards. Many realized that the use of the ORM-D marking was more of an obstruction to international commerce because the U.S. was the only country that used this classification. Although dual marking (ORM-D and Limited Quantity) was authorized, it is confusing to those that may re-offer these goods overseas.

By eliminating the ORM-D classification, PHMSA believes that transportation safety and efficiencies can be increased, ultimately resulting in savings to the shipper. U.S. DOT’s Hazardous Materials Regulations were also changed with respect to limited quantities to vacate the need for shipping papers when transported by domestic highway and rail.

Essentially, there is no difference between the ORM-D marking and the new Limited Quantity marking, except that the classic ORM-D marking will be replaced with the hollow diamond with black points. It is important to note; however, that limited quantities of dangerous goods intended for transport by air must be marked and labeled with the hazard warning label, proper shipping name, identification number and the new limited quantity “Y” marking.

Proposed Amendments to the TDGR

The second significant development this past month is that Transport Canada (the DOT equivalent in Canada) has proposed amendments to the Transport of Dangerous Goods Regulations (TDGR) for Dangerous Goods Safety Marks.

Notable proposed amendments to the TDG Regulations, would include the use of the “overpack” mark, relax some of the placarding requirements for certain classes of dangerous goods in quantities of 500kg or less, and introduce the new limited quantity and marine pollutant markings which are consistent with the UN Recommendations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN Recommendations) and the U.S. DOT’s Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) in Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), subchapter C.

These would facilitate movements of dangerous goods transported under the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions and 49 CFR. The proposed rules provide a transitional period to allow the “old” Limited Quantity (hollow diamond with UN number) marking to be used until May 1, 2015, so that shippers can liquidate their pre-marked stocks.

In its announcement, Transport Canada stated that “…throughout informal consultation, commenters have expressed a desire to harmonize the definition and the [labeling] and marking requirements with international recommendations and U.S. regulations. The Directorate agrees with the commenters and proposes to harmonize the overpack definition and marking requirements with international recommendations and with the requirements of 49 CFR. The industry would greatly benefit from this proposed harmonization, which is consistent with one of the objectives of the Regulatory Cooperation Council, namely to develop smarter and more effective approaches to regulation to enhance economic competitiveness.”

Currently, limited quantity shipments of hazardous materials (e.g., aerosols) shipped to and within Canada may be marked with the new limited quantity marking because there provisions in the TDGR which allow the use of these markings on packages that originate in the U.S. or which conform to the most current versions of the ICAO Technical Instructions, the IMDG Code or 49 CFR (see TDGR, part 1, section 1.9, reproduced below).

1.9  Use of the Most Recent Version of the ICAO Technical Instructions, the IMDG Code or 49 CFR

A person who is required or permitted by these Regulations to comply with all or a portion of the ICAO Technical Instructions, the IMDG Code or 49 CFR may comply with the most recent version of those documents rather than the version named in the table to paragraph 1.3(2)(f) and in the definitions in section 1.4.

A copy of the proposed amendments is available for download at Transport Canada’s website, or by pasting the following URL into your web browser’s address bar: http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2012-12-05/pdf/g2-14625.pdf.

SPRAY

Testing spray packages at several different storage temperatures is a common practice. The typical objectives for using different temperatures are to determine product stability and product-package compatibility for the range of temperatures to which your spray products will be subjected during everyday storage and usage.

Higher temperatures are often also used in an attempt to accelerate material corrosion. The origins for this practice are from the Arrhenius law, which states that the rate of a chemical reaction doubles for each 20 degree increase in temperature.

However, the rates of corrosion for spray package materials (i.e., polymers and metals) do not follow the conditions for which the Arrhenius law is valid. These conditions are 1) the chemical reaction is a first order reaction or a pseudo first order reaction, and 2) the kinetics of the chemical reaction is controlled by the energy of activation for the reaction.

Metallic corrosion is not a chemical process. Corrosion does involve metal atoms changing their chemical state from atoms to ions. However, this change of state is in response to the transfer of electrons from the metal to chemicals in the environment (i.e., your formula ingredients). Hence, metal corrosion 1) is not a first order chemical reaction and 2) the rate of corrosion (kinetics) is not controlled by the energy of activation for the metal changing its chemical state.

Indeed, I’ve seen numerous instances where higher storage temperatures arrested corrosion that normally occurs at room temperature and caused corrosion that did not occur at room temperature.

Polymer corrosion is also not a first order chemical reaction. Thus, polymer corrosion also does not follow the Arrhenius law. In other words, raising temperature does not accelerate either the rate of metal corrosion nor the rate of polymer corrosion.

Please don’t conclude from the discussion so far that I’m saying higher temperature storage stability tests should not be conducted to qualify spray packages. Some of the packaging in your product lines will be exposed to temperatures higher and lower than room temperature (20°C). Higher and lower temperature storage stability tests are necessary to determine:

•product stability at temperatures higher and lower than room temperature

•if product-temperature instability causes corrosion of spray package materials

• if higher temperatures degrade active ingredients

 For example, higher and lower temperatures could break an emulsion and produce a package that sprays water or a corrosive free-water phase that corrodes the package. Higher temperatures could also degrade active intermediates and reduce the effective concentration to where the product no longer performs as specified.

How long should spray packages be tested at temperatures higher and lower than room temperature?  The graph shows historical temperature data for a 2009 summer day in New Orleans, LA. The data for this graph were obtained from the U.S. National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration web site.

Notice in the graph below that:

•The time for the peak indoor, non-air conditioned ware house temperature lags the time for the peak for the outside temperature

•The indoor temperatures are lower than the outdoor tem peratures

•Temperatures above 90°F (32°C) last only a few hours per day

 A survey I conducted on peak weather temperatures for several cities around the world indicated that peak temperatures for most cities are typically below 105°F (41°C).  Higher temperatures were, or course, observed in desert cities.

We can use the graph to estimate approximately how many days per year the outside air temperature is above 90°F (32°C) in Louisiana. First, let’s assume summer lasts approximately 5 months in this city (June through October—150 days).

Next, use the graph to estimate the amount of time temperatures are above 90°F—typically around two hours. We then estimate that spray products are exposed to temperatures above 90°F (32°C) for approximately 13 days each year (two hours per day x 150 days).

Consequently, 39 days of storage testing at 90°F (or slightly above) would simulate three years. A similar estimation could be made for storage temperatures below room temperature.

The majority of your spray package products will be stored and used at room temperature. However, a fraction of the containers produced each year will also be exposed to temperatures above and below room temperature. Thus, we recommend the following guidelines for storage stability testing above and below room temperature:

•Do not use higher temperature to accelerate the corrosion rate for metal and polymer spray package materials

•Use historical temperature-time data to determine maxi mum and minimum temperatures to which your spray pack age products might be exposed

•Use this historical data to estimate how many days per year your spray package products are exposed to temperatures above and below room temperature

•Use your estimates to determine the test length for storage temperatures above and below room temperature

•Use the majority of your test samples for room temperature storage, and a smaller number of test units for storage tempera tures above and below room temperature

 Following these guidelines will also increase the statistical confidence in the storage-stability test results at room temperature—most likely the most common temperature where the majority of your spray package products are stored and used by consumers.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to
rustdr@pairodocspro.com. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from ST&M. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in February.

Provision CTS-04 proposed to change the definition of the Low Vapor Pressure- Volatile Organic Compound (LVP-VOC) definition in the California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulation. Industry argued that SCAQMD did not have jurisdiction over the Consumer Product issues, including the LVP-VOC definition.

This industry has a great grassroots effort concerning this issue. At the hearing, industry had 17 people speak in favor of removing CTS-04 from the AQMP and another 20 in the audience ready to speak if needed.

Additionally, numerous SCAQMD board members had been contacted on this issue. Industry was requesting that CTS-04 be removed from the AQMP and Mayor Yates, Vice Chair of the SCAQMD, made a proposal to remove CTS-04 from the AQMP. The entire board accepted the proposal. This means that this provision will not be included into the State Implementation Plan (SIP) commitments. This is a good thing.
Getting the board to remove a staff recommendation is very, very tough to accomplish. It takes hard work, long hours and persistence from many people. The combination of board member meetings, letters to the board, and showing up for the hearing all worked in our favor. Thanks to all that participated, this was a monumental feat and we accomplished it. Not often do we have a victory of this magnitude. Again, thanks to all that assisted and congratulations!

That being said, now we have more work to do. SCAQMD removed CTS-04 from the AQMP, but Dr. Burke, Chair of the Board, will be sending a letter to the Chair of CARB requesting a study on LVP-VOCs. This means that the industry will need to work with CARB and SCAQMD to make sure the science study is done correctly.
The action to remove CTS-04 from the AQMP provides the industry time to work on this study and prevents the CTS-04 from being included into the SIP. This means that there are no mandated time restrictions. However, the industry needs to continue to work to maintain this important provision for Consumer Products. SCAQMD will be sending the letter to CARB in January or February. Thus, we’ve got one win (a big one) but industry needs to stay involved in this issue. The LVP-VOC provision in the CARB rule is necessary. Any change to the LVP-VOC definition will significantly affect the industry’s ability to formulate effective products.

The issue is now back in the CARB arena, which is where it belongs. Again, congrats to all who assisted in this win. Nice way to start 2013.

CARB
The CARB staff is in the process of developing amendments to the Consumer Products regulation. Aerosol Coating and Aerosol Adhesive VOC limits are on the top of the list. Other amendments include CARB looking at the LVP-VOC exemption for Multi-purpose Solvent and Paint Thinner. Remember, if one category loses this exemption others will be next. In addition, maybe some definitions will be modified. Also, CARB is considering one compound for a VOC exemption: HFO-1234ze. The next workshop will likely be in February.

Product Dating/Date coding
Remember, date code information needs to be reported to CARB every year by your company if you do not use CARB’s standard date coding. For California, Section 94512 (b) product dating, specifically requires all consumer products to be sold into the state to display the day, month and year the products was manufactured or a code indicating the date. CARB has been increasing their activity on investigating and levying fines for non-compliance of this section.
The date or date-code information shall be located on the container or inside the cover/cap so that it is readily observable or obtainable (by simply removing the cap/cover) without irreversibly disassembling any part of the container or packaging. Information may be displayed on the bottom of a container as long as it is clearly legible without removing any product packaging.
CARB’s standard code has to be represented separately from other codes on the product container so that it is easily recognizable is the following: YY DDD = Year-Year-Day-Day-Day. A manufacturer who uses this standard CARB code to indicate the date of manufacture does not have to report this code.
Failure to register a date code is subject to a fine. Every year the fines seem to go up. Your date code explanation needs to be submitted to Enforcement on an annual basis, on or before January 31st of each year.

Green Chemistry
The Dept. of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) is still reviewing the significant amount of comments submitted to them on the proposed Safer Consumer Products rule. After DTSC finishes reviewing the comments, it is anticipated that the agency will revise the proposed safer consumer products rule, and then send the revised draft out for further comments. As we go to press, it looks like the revised draft may be out as soon as before the holidays. Comment period will likely only be thirty days.

Laurie Nelson, Randlett/Nelson/Madden, consultant to the National Aerosol Association (NAA)

 California 2013

As we go to press, there is still a lot of moving parts in California in both the legislative and regulatory arena that make it challenging to predict the future with any certainty. Several elections have yet to be decided, but it appears as though the Democrats will have a 2/3rds super-majority in both houses, as well as controlling all the state-wide offices. This will allow them the option of passing new taxes, urgency measures (which would take effect upon Governor’s signature), and moving measures to the ballot—all without any participation from the Republican Party.

Nelson

There are a large number of new members (due to term limits in California) and until the first votes are taken, it is challenging to predict how liberal the state will go or if the moderate Democrats will use their numbers to temper some of the less reasonable   measures. Also, as some in California are called to serve in the Presidential Administration, it will set off a domino effect of folks scrambling to fill those offices.

We will have new Chairs of both Environmental Committees in the Legislature but whether that leads to more robust discussions will depend in part on the rest of the committee  membership. Surveying the regulatory landscape… Following the 2012 presidential elections, the experts weigh in. The top three regulatory issues are projected to be:

• Green Chemistry regulations are in the process of being finalized. Some time in 2013, California’s 70+ pages of new regulatory requirements implementing this program should be complete. Although the Dept. of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) is indicating they will begin “small” with 4-5 product/chemical combinations, this is a program that does offer DTSC enormous
authority over almost every product sold into California.

• California also has a new 75% recycling goal they are pushing to meet which will require your attention. The current thinking is “extended producer responsibility” which translates into either an industry-run take back program or a fee from industry to support a state-run take back program. This could easily be applied to aerosol containers.

• As most of you are aware, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) will be exploring the low-vapor pressure exemption which is of critical importance to this industry. This is an issue that will require everyone’s involvement to resolve. (Editor’s note: see Regulatory Issues, p. 8, for more information.)

The Golden State remains a place deserving of our attention and participation.

Doug Raymond, Raymond Regulatory Resources (3R), LLC 

Given the results of  the 2012 elections, the regulatory arena will continue to get tougher. Regulators will  continue to push for new regulations and worse, we will likely start to see fees/taxes accompany the regulation or follow close behind. In California, we saw new taxes being voted in. This will reinforce the government and the regulators in particular, to continue on their “mission.” In 2013, look or more regulations to surface on Green Chemistry, Recycling Requirements and, of course, volatile organic  compound (VOC) issues. In

Raymond

California, we will likely see a new emergence of enforcement actions on consumer products. CARB enforcement is finding new and  innovative ways to track product into the state.

Finally, the election results will not help in our efforts in the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). We will find that dealing with the SCAQMD will likely become increasingly more difficult and “friends” in the legislature are on the decline.

Heidi McAuliffe, Esq., Senior Counsel, Government Affairs, American Coatings Association, Inc. (ACA)

Regulatory Climate in 2013 for Aerosol Coatings & Aerosol Adhesives

2013 and beyond will bring significant challenges to manufacturers of aerosol coatings and aerosol adhesives. In California, aerosol coatings will face stricter standards, a revised Table of MIR Values and more active enforcement from CARB, which is currently in the midst of a landmark rulemaking for aerosol coatings. You will recall that the aerosol coatings reactivity regulation, the first of its kind, was adopted in the late 1990s and this will be the first significant change to it. The changes that are currently being discussed include very aggressive reductions in the largest categories of aerosol coatings along with a few smaller categories. In addition, CARB intends to make the recently adopted revised Table of MIR Values effective for use for the aerosol coating regulation in this rulemaking. The combination of very aggressive, revised standards along with a revised Table of MIR Values (the base numbers used to calculate compliance with the reactivity standards), will be a difficult compliance exercise for the industry, given the large number of products that will require reformulation and the high volume of some of these products.

McAuliffe

Along with these amendments, the aerosol coatings industry will certainly face diligent enforcement efforts from the CARB since the issue with regard to identification of volatile compounds in a formula appears to be resolved.

Compliance with the U.S. EPA national rule for aerosol coatings will also become more difficult—or at least difficult to monitor efficiently because, once the California amendments are adopted, manufacturers and formulators will be required to use two different reactivity values for reactive compounds: the revised Table of MIR Values in California and the Table of Reactivity Factors for compliance with the national rule. At the moment, there is no indication that the EPA is considering any amendments to the aerosol coatings national rule although ACA is considering/preparing a petition for rulemaking requesting that EPA harmonize at least the Table of Reactivity Factors with the revised Table of MIR Values in California.

As if these changes weren’t enough, there may still be some regulatory activity in Canada for aerosol coatings. We will need to stay tuned to our neighbors in the North until this issue is clearly resolved.

Aerosol adhesives will also face very difficult regulatory changes in 2013 as well. The California Air Resources Board has proposed very aggressive mass-based VOC standards for the two general categories of aerosol adhesives: Mist Sprays and Web Sprays. Currently, the standard is 65% volume by weight and 55% volume by weight respectively; but CARB has proposed that these standards be reduced to 30%. Should this proposed standard be adopted, it seems clear that almost all products on the market will have to be reformulated as CARB’s survey data indicates that there are only 13 products that currently comply.

If CARB’s proposed standard for aerosol adhesives becomes the regulatory limit in California, manufacturers will face a retail landscape that is governed by inconsistent standards. This will certainly present a supply chain management issue. And there will no doubt be some effort by the Ozone Transport Commission (OTC) states along with the Lake Michigain Air Directors Coalition (LADCO) states to consider adoption of this standard as well.

Mike Moffatt, Ph.D., Nexreg Compliance, Inc., London, ON, Canada

Perhaps the biggest change will occur north of the border, when Canada enacts their version of the Globally Harmonized System (GHS). Rules for material safety data sheets (MSDSs) and workplace labels will be altered drastically, likely at the end of 2013. We are

Moffat

expecting a two-year phase-in period. Unfortunately, the Canadian GHS-based rules are likely to have significant differences from those of Europe and the U.S., making true harmonization a pipe dream. In the U.S., we expect further guidance from the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) on their GHS rules. In particular, expect to see the issue of “hazards not otherwise classified” (HNOCs) clarified. There is a

great deal of uncertainty among aerosol companies on what hazards they should be looking out for and how to test for them. Given the large potential civil liabilities for failing to properly disclose HNOCs on MSDSs, additional guidance from OSHA would go a long way in quelling the fears of regulatory personnel.

Hunt

Steve Hunt, President, ShipMate, Inc.

Now that the election is over and the President has won a second term, many believe that he will be more emboldened in terms of environmental and energy regulation now that he doesn’t need to worry about re-election. I believe that there will be a very proactive regulatory environment during the second term, as well as a substantial increase in enforcement activities.

During President Obama’s first term, The U.S. Dept. of Transportation (DOT) published a significant rulemaking that eliminates the ORM-D classification for all modes by Jan. 1, 2014, which will have a substantial impact on consumer products’ manufacturers and distributors. U.S. OSHA also published one of the most significant rulemakings in its history. By adopting the GHS standards, every industry segment will be affected by the new hazard communication and safety data sheet standards. With implementation dates of Dec. 1, 2013 (Hazard Communication Training) and July 1, 2015 (Labeling, Safety Data
Sheets), during the last 18 months of the President’s second term, you can certainly count on an increase in the number of inspections and civil penalty cases.

Douglas Troutman, American Cleaning Institute (ACI) VP & Counsel, Government Affairs.

ACI anticipates that at the federal and state levels, the regulatory climate will remain fully active in 2013.

At EPA, draft rules regarding how the Agency seeks information on chemical identity in light of confidential business information remain of great interest, to both chemical manufacturers and the consumer product makers who innovate with those chemicals.

ACI continues to seek modernization of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). It will be important to have EPA at the table in 2013 and beyond to engage on aspects of updating the nation’s premier chemical management law.

Troutman

A key ACI goal in TSCA modernization is to ensure our members’ ability to innovate and formulate. ACI is committed to efforts that focus priorities and are practical, timely, transparent and responsive to the needs of consumers and other stakeholders, while managing a risk-based approach. The resulting program should encourage innovation, be credible, and acknowledge the benefits our products provide to enhance health and the quality of life.

It should be noted that EPA continues to explore its TSCA rulemaking authority in light of the current state of legislative activities. In addition to the above item on chemical identity rulemaking activities, EPA has issued Significant New Use Rules (SNURs) and, using prioritization factors and data sources that it announced last year, EPA has issued a list of 83 chemicals that it will conduct risk assessments on over the next five years.

Several states, especially California, Washington and Oregon, are considering chemical regulations that could have a great impact on the cleaning product supply chain.

Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA)
As part of its post-election coverage, Bloomberg BNA Daily Environment Report interviewed a number of trade groups representing the chemical and consumer products industries regarding what is anticipated with the return of the current administration. The Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA) was asked for its thoughts on the top issues where they may see immediate traction.

“The CSPA expects the EPA in the near future to spell out requirements for what are known as ‘minimum risk’ pesticide products,” the CSPA noted in response on ww.cspa.org. “EPA submitted a draft proposed rule to clarify the exemption requirements for minimum risk pesticides to the departments of Agriculture and Health & Human Services in December 2011 for interagency review. According to CSPA, the rule is expected to require testing to ensure such minimal risk products are effective, as well as certain product chemistry and stability testing for the products, which are exempted from more significant regulation under Section 25(b) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act.”

More on the EPA

Inside Counsel indicated that the EPA is on the verge of issuing or proposing a long list of new regulations. Some of the most important regulations expected are:

Air Pollution
GHG emissions from new electric generating plants: On March 27, the EPA announced proposed new regulations setting GHG standards for new electric generating plants. The standards could be met by modern natural gas-fired plants but not by coal-fired power plants using current technology. EPA plans to issue the final rule by April 2013.

GHG emissions from existing electric generating plants: The EPA has the authority to regulate GHGs from existing plants but has not announced what these standards will look like or when they will be announced. A proposal is likely in the coming year.

Boiler and Utility MACTs: The EPA issues standards for the Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) for various sources of hazardous air pollutants. EPA will shortly issue new MACT standards for mercury and other emissions from industrial boilers and incinerators, and separate standards for new electric generating units.

NAAQS: The EPA is preparing to issue or propose new, tighter National Ambi
ent Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone and for fine particulate matter (PM 2.5).

Tier 3 Vehicle and Sulfur Rules: The EPA is considering a set of rules, called the Tier 3 rules, that would reduce the permissible content of sulfur and certain other pollutants in gasoline, and regulate emissions of these pollutants from new motor vehicles and engines.

Cross-State Air Pollution Rule: This was a major rule issued in August 2011 regarding sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides pollution from stationary sources in the eastern and Midwestern states. The D.C. Circuit invalidated the rule in August, leaving in effect the Clean Air Interstate Rule, which that court had ruled invalid (but left in place) in 2008. EPA is seeking en banc review of the new decision; if EPA does not prevail here, it will need to go back to the drawing board with these rules.

New Source Performance Standards: The EPA is developing or revising NSPSs for several industrial sectors.

Water
Hydraulic fracturing: The EPA is conducting a major study of the practice of hydraulic fracturing, in view of the concerns that have been expressed over its impacts on water pollution, air pollution, and other areas. A draft report is expected in 2013; if the report finds that hydraulic fracturing leads to significant methane emissions, the EPA restrictions on those emissions could follow. During the campaign President Obama repeatedly expressed his support for this practice, but the EPA is preparing rules that will regulate it.
Cooling Water Intake Structures: The EPA will take final action on this proposed rule under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act by July 2013.
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs): The EPA is revising its rules to expand the universe of regulated CAFOs and to provide more stringent permitting requirements for applications of waste and produced water. The revision is expected in May 2013.

Wetlands: Recent Supreme Court decisions have led to great confusion about the extent of federal authority over isolated waters, intermittent streams and certain other areas. The EPA and the Corps of Engineers have been working on guidance to clarify what lands are and are not federally regulated.

Hazardous & Solid Waste
Coal ash: Coal-fired power plants generate large quantities of coal ash. For many years there has been ambiguity about the status of this ash under the Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (RCRA). In June 2010, the EPA proposed several possible approaches; under one of them, coal ash would become a “special waste” under RCRA, which would subject it to extremely expensive handling requirements. This became quite controversial. The EPA sent the new coal ash standard to the Office of Management and Budget for regulatory review in March. In October the EPA announced that due to new data and the subsequent need to complete revisions of toxicity characteristics and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure regulations, October 2013 is the earliest the standards will be ready. SPRAY

Source: Michael Gerrard, www.insidecounsel.com

• CTS-01: Further Reductions from Architectural Coatings (R1113)
• CTS-02: Further Emissions Reductions from Miscellaneous Coatings, Adhesives, Solvents and Lubricants
• CTS-03: Emission Reductions from Mold Release Products
• CTS-04: Emission Reductions from Removal of Consumer Product Lower Vapor Pressure Exemption

The fourth concept refers to removing LVPs from Consumer Products in SCAQMD. Remember, only CARB has authority over Consumer Products in California. This means SCAQMD has to get CARB staff to change the definition of LVP or somehow to limit LVP use in the SCAQMD.

This is a significant issue for the industry. The LVP exemption has been incorporated into the Consumer Products regulation since the regulations inception. Most, if not all, the VOC limits are based on some portion of the product formulation using a LVP. To change the definition of LVP could have dramatic effects on your products.

The SCAQMD will have several public meetings on their AQMP this summer. We, as an industry, need to attempt to get the LVP modification removed from the AQMP. SCAQMD will adopt the AQMP in Oct. 2012. Once adopted, this concept could become part of the SIP. Once part of the SIP, it becomes much more difficult to remove. The entire AQMP draft concepts can be found at http://www.aqmd.gov/gb_comit/aqmpadvgrp/2012QMP/meetings/2012/jun14/SS-CM-draft.pdf.

In addition to working with SCAQMD, we need to convey to the CARB staff the importance of LVPs to keep our products effective.

Reporting for CARB
Earlier in June, CARB required makers of Multi-purpose Lubricant and Penetrants to complete a technology review on their products to determine compliance with the Dec. 31, 2013 future effective VOC limits.

In September, CARB is requiring that Responsible Parties for Multi-purpose Solvent and Paint Thinners complete a technology review on their products to again determine compliance with the Dec. 31, 2013 future effective VOC limits. The CARB staff has forms for this reporting activity.

Illinois
On July 1, new VOC limits for 11 product categories became effective in Illinois. These new limits are consistent with the 2009 Model Rule from the Ozone Transport Commission (OTC), which is modeled on the CARB regulation. Along with the new VOC limits are prohibitions on chlorinated
compounds as well. Please review the entire regulation at http://www.ipcb.state.il.us/documents/dsweb/Get/Document-76049.

Canada
Canada will finally begin to complete their regulation. The Canadian VOC regulation was proposed in 2008 with little to no movement until now. No schedule has been announced. Environment Canada will have probably one to two meetings with Stakeholders before the final regulation is posted. Expect meetings in the fall.

Outside of Cincinnati, P&G employees made a difference in eleven additional communities in Fayetteville, AR.; Bethel, CT.; Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Hunt Valley, MD; Miami, FL; Minneapolis, MN; New York, NY; Woodland Hills, CA.; Los Angeles, CA and Puerto Rico. Local partners included Habitat for Humanity, Boys & Girls Club and Dress for Success.

Check out the new blog from the Western Aerosol Information Bureau (WAIB): www.air-us.org. Its main purpose is to disseminate industry related information (regulatory news, columns from industry experts, etc.) to members and all interested followers of aerosol topics. The launch is extremely timely in light of the South Coast Air Quality Management District’s (SCAQMD) recent position regarding the VOC (volatile organic compounds) exemption of LVP (low vapor pressure) chemicals. More info: www.waib.org

Vaze College in Mulund, Mumbai, India has opened a four-month perfumery course for the visually impaired, following research conducted by international fragrance house CPL Aromas and the Blind Persons’ Association. The company carried out the research in the hope of advancing employment opportunities for the visually impaired in the fragrance and associated industries. The research included a test that examined the candidates’ ability to differentiate between very similar odors and to rank identical odors in strength. It was revealed that the visually impaired candidates showed a significantly improved ability to identify certain odor groups than sighted candidates who took the same test.

Novelty gift company Mustard has launched CANNED, a $16 insulated water bottle masquerading as an aerosol can. Meant to represent the favorite tool of street artists everywhere, the container doesn’t actually spray. This may come as a disappointment to those who are enamored by the likes of Turbo Tango aerosol soda (see ST&M, August, 2011), but the “nozzle” is just a clever way of staying hydrated. If you keep a lot of spray paint around (and who doesn’t?), this may be an accident waiting to happen. Hmmm…

“The best part is that unlike [sighted people], the students cannot be biased towards a product. We see the attractive packaging first…but their evaluation is free from any bias,” commented Renuka Thergaonkar, Dept Head of Cosmetics & Fragrance at Vaze College.

CPL Aromas Group CEO, Chris Pickthall, said “I am very happy that the original idea has resulted in something real and tangible. It is important now to find employment for the students within our industry and to keep the course running for more students in the future.” CPL Aromas plans to continue seeking ways of using this research to create employment opportunities for the visually impaired.

Ever mindful of rules and regulations, Doug Raymond (left) and Eileen Raymond (right), of Raymond Regulatory Resources, along with Spray Publisher Cindy Hundley (center), enjoy some fresh air while sticking to the path in Lake Tahoe, NV following the Western Aerosol Information Bureau’s 40th Annual Conference at the Hyatt Lake Tahoe Resort & Casino in September. Photo courtesy of George Buckland, DS containers.

The 7th edition of the Paris Aerosol & Dispensing Forum will be held Feb. 6–7, 2013 at the Espace Champerret, Porte de Champerret, Paris, France. It will be held simultaneously with Perfumes, Cosmetics & Design (PCD).

Technological innovations in aerosol and dispensing systems packaging will be rewarded during the Paris Aerosol & Dispensing Awards, designed to help promote aerosol packaged products, with prizes awarded by an independent jury of brand owners, packaging suppliers and the media. For examples of the 2012 winners, see ST&M, April 2012, p.30.

The Aerosol & Dispensing Forum is requesting submissions for the 2013 Paris Aerosol & Dispensing Awards. The contest is open to all product areas: Health & Beauty, Household, Pharmaceutical, Food, Technical, Building, Painting, Decorating, Crafts, Gardening, etc.

Products must have been marketed between Jan. 1 and Dec. 31, 2012 on the European market. To enter, send three product samples per entry, along with an A4 fact sheet or PPT slide including name of the product(s) and its primary innovative characteristics by Monday,
Nov. 5, 2012 to:

Oriex Communication
Mr. Jonathan Ouziel
25 rue André Joineau
93 310 Le Pré Saint-Gervais
France

Registration and participation in the Awards is free of charge. Awards will be presented in February at the Paris Aerosol & Dispensing Forum. Don’t miss this opportunity to have your aerosol technology or innovation internationally recognized. For more information: (+ 33) 1 48 91 89 89, jouziel@oriex.fr, www.aerosol-forum.com.

There are many different types of corrosion and each has a unique way of initiating, and specific requirements for sustaining, the corrosion. Metal corrosion is a complex and an intriguing process involving a) changing the chemical state of a metal from its atoms to metal ions; b) electron transfer from the package metal to electrochemically active ions and molecules in your formula; c) ionic movement to and from the corrosion site to support the electron charge transfer and to balance electrical charge at the corrosion site and; d) transport of chemicals needed to support the corrosion reaction.

Polymer corrosion is the loss of the polymer’s ability to be a barrier as well as delamination of the polymer as blistering or large areas of polymer disbonded from the container metal or the aluminum foil. Polymer corrosion is also complex, involving a) diffusion of ions, formula ingredients and water into and through polymer coatings and laminate films; b) absorption of these materials at the polymer-metal interface and; c) breaking of metalpolymer bonds. These processes could also result in metal corrosion
under the polymer coating or laminate film.

Metal pitting corrosion requires an occluded area that restricts the diffusion of water; ions and formula ingredients into the occluded area, plus the diffusion of corrosion products out of the occluded area. Occluded areas in spray packaging include the crimps (or seams) between the a) container top and body; b) container bottom and body and; c) container curl and the aerosol valve.

Microenvironments form inside occluded areas, and these environments have chemical compositions that are significantly different from the composition of your formula. The microenvironment in an occluded area is often very corrosive. Corrosion is not a pure chemical reaction and typically does not follow the usual laws governing chemical reactions, such as the Arrhenius law. Consequently, the rates of metal and polymer corrosion typically are not accelerated by raising temperature. In other words, raising the storage test temperature 20 degrees does not double the rate of polymer and metal corrosion. Indeed, in some instance raising temperature often either causes, or arrests, spray package material corrosion that naturally occurs at room temperature.

Much like antibiotics, there is no one-size-fits-all corrosion inhibitor. There are some corrosion inhibitors, such as sodium benzoate, that effectively inhibit corrosion for a range of corrosive formulas. However, it doesn’t inhibit corrosion by all formulas. There has been a lot of statistical research conducted on corrosion in an effort to predict when and where it will occur. Unfortunately, none of this research has yielded models that predict the type of corrosion and its most likely location in spray packaging.

Corrosion testing is the most reliable way to help prevent and control corrosion. There are two types of corrosion tests: the traditional storage stability test and electrochemical testing. Storage stability tests require at least one year to complete and have a 2% to 7% risk that results will not be the same as the actual corrosion of commercially produced goods.

Electrochemical testing requires significantly less time to complete than a storage test and has a risk below 1% when the appropriate test parameters and data analysis protocols are used. However, the analysis of electrochemical data has a very steep learning-curve.

A large company corrosion database could be used to compare corrosion data from existing formulas with new formulas and line extensions to reduce the number of corrosion tests and the time needed for corrosion testing. An effective database should be very large and take years to build. However, such a database is a useful tool for reducing the risk of corrosion and moving new products and line extensions more quickly through development to market. Please send your questions /comments /suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from ST&M. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in November.

Production of aerosols in the largest market segment, Personal Care, dropped 1.6% to 934 million units in 2011 from 949 million units in 2010. However, there was a slight increase in the largest subcategory, AP/Deo (0.7%), while Shaving Foams & Gels increased by 5.2%.

The losses in Personal Care were offset the increases in Household care aerosol production, which hit 127 million in 2011, with a growth rate of over 32%. In fact, 23 million more Air Fresheners/Room Sprays were filled in 2011 than 2010, an increase of nearly 80%. Shoe/Leather Care products grew over 27%. Most other Household Care categories showed positive growth, as well.

Fine fragrance is a holiday gift staple. Without fail, marketers roll out new launches each Autumn in order to take advantage of the one time of the year consumers actually feel like spending, regardless of the economy.

According to beauty market research conducted by The NPD Group, Inc., sales of prestige fragrances in 2011 experienced the strongest dollar and unit performance in 15 years, coming in at $2.8 billion, which marked growth of 11%, while units grew 7%. Fragrances priced at a premium of $100 and above helped to propel growth for the category with unit gains of 45% versus 2010, and fragrance launches were up 21% overall, driven by women’s launches, which grew by 33%. Celebrity brands, specifically women’s, were the winners in 2011 with gains of 57%.

According to Euromonitor International, sales of fragrances increased by 8% in 2011. Sales of fragrances declined in 2009 due to the economic downturn, as consumers of all economic levels restricted gift-giving and self-purchasing. With an improving economy, high-income consumers felt comfortable spending on themselves and on others once more. As a result they returned to purchasing discretionary items such as fragrances. In turn, total sales of fragrances (prestige and mass) increased by 8% in 2011, to reach $5.8
billion.

New launches this Fall include two new celebrity scents, a category that is still going strong. Singer Nicki Minaj launched her first fragrance, Pink Friday, in partnership with Elizabeth Arden. The scent mixes playful and sultry notes of juicy fruits, creamy vanilla and sensual musks to create “an exhilarating scent that ignites beyond the senses.”

Meanwhile, Elixir, the newest scent from international singing star Shakira, pays homage to the classic elixir bottles of the past, but with a contemporary feel. Top notes are  described as “Luminous Floral” and “Exotic Spicy” and include Neroli, White Pepper and White Flower. The “Velvety Fruity” heart is comprised of Freesia, Peony and Apricot Skin. The “Woody Oriental” base includes White Cedar Wood, Amber, Benzoin, Sugar Cane and Musk.

Mercedes-Benz by Mercedes-Benz is a new woody, spicy fragrance for men. It introduces a naturally sophisticated essence combination instilled with refinement and personality. The head note, a fresh burst of citrus and bergamot give way to a warm heart of violet leaf absolute, bourbon pepper, nutmeg and galbanum. The woody base mixes essences of Virginia cedar, vetiver and patchouli giving the fragrance its contrasts, nobility and masculinity. The line consists of Eau de Toilette sprays and an After Shave spray.

French skincare and cosmetics firm Nuxe launched Prodigieux Le Parfum. The new fragrance for women captures the aroma of the brand’s popular Huile Prodigieuse multi-use dry oil. Prodigieux Le Parfum was developed by perfumer Serge Majouillier; notes include bergamot, mandarin, orange blossom, rose, gardenia, magnolia, mineral accord, vanilla and coconut milk. It sports Rexam’s ultra low profile XD11 pump.

Bond No. 9’s new EDP, Manhattan, falls into the oriental gourmand category and is rich in spices. Top notes include nutmeg, saffron, coriander seeds and peach. The heart notes continue with sweet honeycomb mingled with black plum, chocolate and gingerbread accord. Moroccan jasmine, the sole flower at the center of the scent, evokes the aura of peaches or ripe bananas. The drydown features sandalwood, balsamic patchouli, vanilla and musk. The bottle is a network of laser-etched Bond No. 9 tokens, rendered in red, shimmering against a midnight blue New York sky.

Custom fragrance development company Tru Fragrance launched the first branded fragrances from Francesca’s Collections, one of the fastest-growing women’s fashion retailers in the U.S. Francesca’s Collections Signature is inspired by the intricate patterns of the native tile work, rugs, tapestries, pottery and architecture found in Morocco, featuring top notes of fresh bergamot and orange segments; mid notes of sensual jasmine; and exotic rose and base notes of white patchouli, vetiver and creamy vanilla. Francesca’s Collections Indigo Waters captures the essence of the vibrant sun and crisp blue waters of the Caribbean coastline. The fruity floral blend unfolds with notes of bergamot, grapefruit and freesia, followed by jasmine, rose and violet, and setting with patchouli, musk, amber and blonde woods.

John Abplanalp, Chairman of Precision, said, “I could not be more proud or excited to have Doug succeed me as CEO. Having competed against Doug for a number of years, I know the respect he commands in our industry. I am delighted to now have him leading the Precision team.”

In addition, Precision announced that David Evans was promoted to COO, replacing Curt Solsvig. Evans has nearly twenty years’ experience in operations management, and previously served as Director of Operations for Precision.

The Abplanalp Sanders Memorial Fellowship
has announced Drew Thompson as the new Fellow for 2012-2013. Thompson, from North Dakota, was employed as an undergraduate research assistant, investigating aerosols focusing in micro-capillaries via numerical methods and highmagnification shadowgraphy while studying for his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering at North Dakota State University. He then went to the University of Minnesota (UM) for his graduate studies, where he joined the Particle Technology Laboratory in the Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. His advisor is Dr. David Y.H. Pui who was also the advisor for the previous Abplanalp Sanders Fellow, Tsz Yan Ling during 2010-2011.

Thompson’s research will provide the knowledge to evaluate the effectiveness and performance aerosol products. This work will be performed in the state-of-the-art Particle Collection Chamber recently purchased by the College of Science & Engineering at UM. In his previous work at the Particle Technology Laboratory, he researched “bad aerosols” (fugitive engineered nanoparticles in workplaces), and for his PhD he will research the generation, delivery and characterization of “good aerosols,” used in pharmaceutical applications.

He has presented his research at the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR)
and the AlChemE conferences as well as participating in webinars and preparing articles
for publication.

Procter & Gamble will move its skin care, cosmetics and personal care headquarters
from Ohio to Singapore to be closer to the growing Asian market. The relocation, which
is expected to take two years, is because P&G sees Asia as its biggest growth opportunity.
Group President Virginia Drosos, who has been with P&G since 1987, chose to retire
rather than relocate, and Deb Henretta, Group President of P&G’s Asia & Global Specialty
Channel, will take over as Group President of global skin care, cosmetics and personal
care.

The LINDAL Group
announced plans to more than double the size of its Sao Paulo, Brazil-based facility, moving from the Jundiai area to the nearby town of Itupeva, in response to continued growth in the regional area. The company has leased a new, custombuilt, expandable construction that will add manufacturing capacity for aerosol valves, house all molding and assembly operations and provide office space for all staff.

Additionally, the company announced its redesigned market and application-based web site, www.lindalgroup.com. The newly configured, multilingual site makes it easier for
pharmaceutical, industrial and consumer-based companies to identify an aerosol packaging solution for a particular type of application, formula or market segment.

Kao Corp. announced construction of a second plant for PT Kao Indonesia at Karawang International Industrial City (KIIC) in Indonesia. The new plant aims to reinforce Kao’s supply system, as the company is anticipating an increasing demand for daily-use products in the Indonesian market on the back of rapid economic growth in the country. The second plant site covers about 140,000 square meters and is 1.6 times larger than the area of the existing plant. Construction started in October and operations are scheduled to begin at the end of 2013.

The Steel for Packaging community now has access to a new microsite, steelforpackaging.org, designed by APEAL. The site has a clear design and is structured to highlight the seven key supply chain benefits of Steel for Packaging: Recycling, Performance, Use, Manufacturing, Efficiency, Versatility and Safety.

M&H Plastics announced it is expanding its Winchester, VA facility in both size and
production capacity. The company will invest $6.2 million, create 20 new jobs and
expand its facility 50,000 square feet, as it expands its extrusion blowmolding, injection stretch blowmolding, and high-speed decorating capabilities. M&H will also utilize 18 temporary positions, leading to an overall workforce increase of 76%.

CORRECTION
The September issue of ST&M contained incorrect contact information for Lindal North America. The correct information is:

Mark Arnold
East Coast Regional Sales
Manager
4775 Progress Dr.
Columbus, IN 47201 USA
Phone +1 (484) 858-0570
marnold@lindalnorthamerica.
com

Lisa Kopac
Midwest Regional Sales
Manager
5918 S. Narragansett Ave.
Chicago, IL 60638 USA
Phone +1 (773) 580-1737
lkopac@lindalnorthamerica.
com

For Aerosol Coatings, these eight categories have proposed limits that are extremely challenging to meet:

The current limits are not listed because the proposed limits are using the 2010 MIR values, whereas the current limits used the 2001 MIR values. Notice that Fluorescent Coatings and Ground Traffic Markings are proposed to be combined into one category and All Exact Match Categories are to be combined into one category. The rest of the Specialty Coatings will have MIR limits; however most of these limits will just be capped. No emissions are expected from the other categories.

As mentioned, these new proposed limits are calculated using the 2010 MIR values in the rule. Thus, for most manufacturers, a recalculation of products using the 2010 MIR values posted in the current rule is necessary. Make no mistake, these eight limits will push technology to the limit. In addition, these limits will net CARB 4.73 TPD (tons per day) in emission reductions.

Also, there may be several new categories of coatings that will be regulated, but may need to be included into the Non-Flat Coating category. For example, Electrical Coatings may lose the current exemption in the rule, but no new category will be created, meaning Electrical Coatings would be subject to the Non-Flat category. This is a significant issue. Closely watch these amendments if you currently sell non-regulated coatings.

For Aerosol Adhesives, the numbers are worse. CARB is proposing limits for the following categories:

No change is proposed for the Special Purpose Spray Adhesive category.

These proposed limits are more challenging and border on technical infeasibility. The complying market shares are zero and close to zero. CARB will need to explain how these limits were proposed.

Both the Aerosol Coating and Aerosol Adhesive proposed limits were to be discussed at the Sept. 12 workshop. In addition, CARB will lay out their plans for dealing with the LVP issue for the first time. Stay tuned!

SCAQMD
South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) is pushing forward with its Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP), which includes a provision to eliminate the LVP-VOC exemption from consumer products. As explained last month, SCAQMD has no authority to accomplish this task other than to push CARB to remove the exemption.

SCAQMD released a paper on their evaporation studies. It pointed to evaporation of a compound as proof of ozone formation. Industry will need to comment on this issue. Remember, the AQMP is to be heard by the SCAQMD board on Nov. 2. We need all industry participation to comment on this issue and, if possible, participate at the hearing. SCAQMD needs to know this is a significant issue for our industry.

CARB Future Effective Limits
Remember the following limits or prohibitions take effect soon:

Indeed, it doesn’t stop there. There are cologne’s called Superman (from CEP), Batman (from Marmol & Son) and a cosmetics line from MAC called Wonder Woman. In 2001, Rochas even launched a men’s scent called Aquaman, but that seemed to be geared more toward sophisticated poolside types rather than in tribute of the gilled superhero who speaks to oceanic creatures. And while a quick call to my old boyfriend from the 8th grade could probably produce a few more examples, you no doubt get the picture.

Who is the target audience for these fragrances? It’s hard to say exactly. Teenagers? Highly likely. The Peter Pan-esque man-boys that have dominated popular culture (and real culture) since the mid-20th century? Also very likely. Collectors of funky fragrance bottles? Maybe.

What does seem certain is that superhero scents are an offshoot of the celebrity fragrance phenomena. If celebrity fragrances add a bit of Hollywood glamour to a perfume or cologne, then superhero scents add a bit of Hollywood fun. Every year, trend forecasters comment on the waxing and waning of celebrity scents, declaring popularity and sales are either surging or declining. However, the reality is that they aren’t going anywhere. Twenty one years after Elizabeth Taylor launched White Diamonds with Elizabeth Arden and ten years after Jennifer Lopez launched Glow by J.Lo with Coty, both scents are still going strong. Sure, many other celeb scents have and will crash and burn, but no more than any other, more traditional offerings.
According to http://celebrityperfumestore.com, no less than 40 celebrity fragrances have been launched so far in 2012. This doesn’t sound like a waning category to me. Far from it. Our New Fall Fragrance feature (p.16) features but a few, however they are indeed numerous, and still very much fashionable and sought after.

More fall fragrance launches can also be found in our Seasonal Products feature found on p. 12. As always, we hope you enjoy this issue.

“With mobile shopping finally ‘coming of age,’ the sudden emergence of tablets— which almost came out of nowhere—plus many companies finally getting to grips with multichannel retail, we are forecasting e-commerce going from strength to strength,” said Logan Tod CEO Matthew Tod.

The study found 14% of respondents used an iPad or alternative tablet computer to shop in 2011, almost as many as the 15% who bought by mobile phone.

“Our research demonstrates that tablets are now growing even faster than the mobile commerce market,” said Tod. “It is becoming increasingly evident that one of their primary functions is as online shopping tools, meaning retailers must include them in their multichannel plans for 2012 and beyond. They should now be creating separate PC, mobile and tablet strategies to reflect the migration of the most prolific online shoppers towards tablets.”

Approximately 57% of e-shoppers said low-cost delivery options would encourage them to spend again next year, while 45% said they would be more likely to do so if stock availability was improved. Other motivators included improved payment options (46%) and moneysaving offers (48%).

“It is going to be another challenging year keeping up with the ever changing multi-channel consumer,” said Tod, “but retailers should continue to invest in this area as consumers are still saying they intend to spend significantly more online in 2012.”

For gifting or for keeping
The urge to keep an intended gift for oneself is a common holiday dilemma. Such impulses are understandable with products such as the new, giftable Mary Kay Thinking of You Eau de Parfum, a fruity floriental with top notes of mandarin, white peach and juicy plum. Mid-notes include creamy jasmine, pink honeysuckle and Lily of the Valley. Dry-down notes of warm tonka, vanilla absolute, sugared patchouli and soft musk round out the scent. The packaging is gift-ready and comes packaged like a present. The box opens up to reveal a built-in-card that allows the gifter to write a personalized note to the recipient. A silver-plated, engraved keepsake charm is attached to the bottle that the recipient can add to a bracelet or necklace.

Yves Rocher chose a heartwarming, vanilla-based apple fragrance for Apple Delight, part of its Les Plaisirs Nature line. The limited edition bath and body collection is centered on the Eau de Toilette, which comes in 3.4 and 0.67 fl.oz. sprays. The collection also includes Shower Gel, Fizzy Bath Cube, Soap and Perfumed Candle.

Also from Yves Rocher is Candied Mallows Christmas Flower, which took its inspiration from the exquisite elegance of fine confections. The new bath and body collection includes EDT spray, Shower Gel, Perfumed Body Lotion, Liquid Hand Soap, Hand Cream and Nourishing Lip Balm—all meant as pampering treats or to have on hand as lastminute gifts.

This holiday season, OPI unveils Avojuice Skin Quenchers Hand & Body Lotion in two limited edition scents, Vanilla Snowflake (a blend of sweet vanilla and buttercream) and Peppermint Shimmer (a soft peppermint aroma with a kiss of shimmer). The lotions are a festive way to keep skin hydrated and healthy during the season’s unforgiving cold weather with smooth, rich and moisturizing formulas. In addition to the regular bottle, both Avojuice lotions are available in miniature sizes, suitable for stashing in the car, carrying in a purse or giving as a stocking stuffer.

Inspired by Autumn…
The Fall is a time for comfort, warmth and reflection. The smell of apples, leaves, trees, pumpkins, cinnamon and smoke evoke all kinds of soothing impressions, and there is no shortage of products to create that ambience. Yankee Candle offers four new air freshener fragrances for Fall 2012. According to the company, they are inspired by cherished Fall memories that connect consumers to the simple pleasures of Autumn: crisp, breezy days, bountiful harvests and a warm welcome home. Scents include Apple Pumpkin (homegrown apples and pumpkins blended with ginger and clove), Treehouse Memories (earthy woods wrapped in sweet, familiar spices), Harvest Welcome (farm-fresh pumpkins spiced with brisk Autumn air) and Season’s Blessing (notes of pear, plums and grape with hints of spice and cardamom).

SC Johnson has also launched its Limited Edition Fall Collection of room sprays for this year: Maple Pumpkin, Black-Berry Jam and Spiced Citrus Chic. The cans use the Glencoe twist actuator from Aptar.

Earlier this year, Reckitt Benckiser’s Air Wick brand announced its partnership with the National Park Foundation with the launch of four new fragrances. The National Park Collection from Air Wick is a range of vibrant scents inspired by some of the U.S.’ most beautiful parks. The four original scents were Hawai’i, Virgin Islands, Yellowstone and Glacier Bay. This Fall, Air Wick launched three more scents inspired by national parks in Autumn: Acadia Sweet Vanilla & Pumpkins (autumnal blend of sandalwood, vanilla and creamy pumpkin), Shenandoah Apple Harvest (ripening apple, cedarwood and cinnamon spice) and Great Smoky Mountains Warm Spice & Twilight (amber, clove and anise).

Aveeno Baby Organic Harvest Lotion brings the perfect harmony of science and nature to baby care. Formulated with nourishing organic oat, Baby Organic Harvest helps moisturize and soothe for baby soft skin.

Preparing for nasty weather…
Moneysworth & Best launched two products to help consumers protect outdoor clothing in inclement weather. Sheepskin Water & Satin Repellant protects delicate sheep skin or suede footwear from rain, snow, dirt and stains. Salt Remover removes salt stains quickly and easily from leather and suede, as well as fabric shoes, boots and pant cuffs. Both products are filled by Empack Spraytech Inc. and come in a can from DS Containers.

Born to be wild
Whether your destination is a Halloween party or Mardi Gras, it pays to be loud and colorful. From Gaston in Brazil (home of Carnaval) come three products to enhance the festive season. Buzina do barulho is a strident air horn used for festivals and sports events. Axé Brasil foam is an artificial snow product developed for parties, events and activities during the Carnaval season, and is named for Axé music, the soundtrack of the festival. Kolore Fashion is an easily removed spray powder developed to paint hair during the season. All three products use valves and actuators produced locally by Lindal do Brasil.

Another hair enhancement is from Eufora International, which offers Creative Streak to color, streak or stencil designs onto hair. The temporary, vibrant hair color sprays on and shampoos out easily for a statement without commitment. It comes in three hues: Tickled Pink, Passionately Purple and True Blue. It won’t stain hair or clothes, is formulated with botanical extracts and is easy to apply.

Christmas comes early in the UK…
Retail therapy is popular among emerging market consumers as they buy luxury items around the world. Buying overseas adds prestige, according to market research firm Euromonitor International. This year, retailers are also hoping to capitalize on the record numbers of international visitors coming to the UK for the Olympics.

Harrods in London is among department stores that have started selling Christmas products even earlier than usual to cater for increasing demand from international shoppers traveling in the UK. Harrods has been opening its “Christmas World” in the Summer since 1998, but changing consumer trends means it has gradually made it even earlier. This year the opening date was the earliest ever for the retailer—July 25.

The UK is estimated to attract a total of 30.7 million visitors in 2012, spending £17.6 billion ($28.3 billion). Euromonitor International estimated 330,000 international visitors attended the 2012 London Olympics and Paralympics.

David Miller, Director of Harrods Home, remarked “Some of our international customers may only visit the UK once this year and so the Summer opening of Christmas World is to cater for this seasonal demand.”

Aerosol International
will build a new factory in Zgorzelec, Poland, PAP Polish news agency reported. Acording to PAP, it will be one of the largest and most modern facilities in Europe, designed to manufacture monoblock cans for the cosmetic industry. It will employ approximately three hundred workers. Aerosol International is part of the Maxim Gruppe, a European cosmetic producer with five facilities in Germany, France and Luxemburg.

Q Research Solutions launched the qPOD, a patented testing system that helps prevent cross-contamination of scents, allowing fragrance evaluation to take place in any number of previously challenging surroundings, as well as at points of purchase. qPOD has been independently validated by consumer research, professional fragrance evaluators, creative perfumers and sensory scientists. Any room can be used as a testing site utilizing qPOD, creating a wider range of target consumer testers that are more easily accessible. As a result, qPOD helps accelerate the product development cycle and shortens timeframes to market. qPOD’s selfcontained and easily changed setup is suitable for consumer acceptance fragrance screening across many categories and multiple delivery systems – including aerosols, plug-ins, candles, liquids and lathers. qPOD’s secured dosing chamber conceals and protects prototypes; in doing so, the unit also safeguards intellectual property. Fragrance strength and character is consistently sustained for hours, making qPOD a preferred method in exercises such as longevity testing; claims substantiation; benchmarking; product reformulation; and malodor reduction/elimination testing.

The American Cleaning Institute (ACI) issued the following statement by ACI President & CEO Ernie Rosenberg in response to the July 25 mark-up of the “Safe Chemicals Act” by the Senate Environment & Public Works Committee:

“ACI has been and remains committed to passage of legislation that strengthens and modernizes the Toxic Substance Control Act. We have been thoroughly engaged in bipartisan discussions to get us on that path.

“It is critical that any legislation enacted into law continues to enhance consumer confidence in a strong, reliable and credible federal chemical management program. We will continue our efforts to obtain a bill that protects product and process innovations without detracting from EPA’s ability to conduct a robust chemical management program. “We recognize and commend the effort and engagement of many Senators on both sides of the aisle. ACI will work toward opportunities for all sides to come together for a bipartisan, bicameral bill that promotes the safe use of chemicals, enhances public confidence in the chemical management system, protects American jobs and maintains U.S. global leadership in chemical innovation.”

The New Jersey Packaging Executives Club has selected five packaging professionals for induction into the Packaging Hall of Fame at the Award Dinner on Sept. 13 at The Manor in West Orange, NJ.

The 2012 Honorees are Don Cardiff (Stolzle Oberglas GmbH); Bill Kunz (Kunz Consulting Services); Jim Detwiler (Chanel USA); Steve Mohary (Johnson & Johnson) and (in memoriam) Navin Desai (411 International Corp). Reservations to attend the Hall of Fame Dinner can be made at www.njpec.org.

Designer, manufacturer and marketer of airless dispensing Industry News solutions Mega Airless has announced that this is its new worldwide brand name, effective immediately. Mega Airless is currently widely known by the two legal entities MegaPlast and MegaPumps.

Aero-Tech Laboratory Equipment Co. announced it has become the U.S. distributor for STT, Special Tooling Technologies Ltd. The ATLPCG aerosol can, crimp depth and diameter gauge is lever operated, operator friendly and equipped with ID-C X series Mitutoyo Indicators, direct inch & metric LCD readout, SPC capabilities for data output, presets and parameter settings. The calibration master is attached to the column and mounted to the base for ease of use and can’t be misplaced. Especially made for a production environment, it weighs 30 pounds, is mountable to a table or cart and therefore can’t be accidentally dropped and damaged during use.

The Alliance for Consumer Education (ACE)—the nonprofit organization dedicated to informing the public with regards to consumer product, health and environmental safety awareness—announced the launch of its revamped Inhalant website. The new and improved www.inhalant.org went live in August and features a more user-friendly design while making information and resources easily accessible to users. Additionally, the revised homepage now displays “Featured Sections” and an “Event Gallery” to keep users up to date with the latest information and events.

The site is dedicated to informing parents, children, family, friends, teachers and anyone else who is experiencing or has experienced someone involved with inhalant abuse. Visit www.inhalant.org to check out the new website.

The use of aluminum jumped considerably from last year, from just over 63 million pieces to 107 million pieces in 2011. Tinplate steel cans declined, however, down from 125 million pieces in 2010 to 105 million pieces in 2011.

Air care in Thailand
According to research company CompaniesandMarkets.com, the Thai Air Care market increased by 10% in 2010 to reach Bt2.6 billion ($190,657,773).

Aerosol and spray air fresheners dominated the Air Care sector in Thailand and new product launches helped to boost growth. The value and growth rate of standard spray/aerosol air fresheners far exceeded concentrated spray/aerosol air fresheners in 2010, thanks to affordable prices and large
customer base, whereas concentrated spray/aerosol air fresheners had a much higher unit price. Also, new innovations were seen in both categories, fuelling and maintaining their popularity.

SC Johnson & Son led the Air Care market in Thailand with a share of 43%, due to strong brand loyalty to Glade. The company also introduced a series of new products, including Glade Sense & Spray in car air fresheners, Glade Axy in gel air fresheners, Glade Sport Collections in car air fresheners and Glade Clean Air 3-in-1, as well as a non-chemical spray product.

Siam Poolsub Interchemical ranked second, accounting for a share of 17% and ARS Chemical, with its Daily Fresh brand, had a value share of 13%.

However, despite the fact that there were many factors supporting growth, sales were hindered by a decelerating growth rate in many categories. Car air fresheners in particular showed a decline of three percentage points, although it still retained a doubledigit growth rate. The category remained
competitive, and this may have contributed to holding back growth and presenting a more sluggish rate in 2010.

A slowdown in the growth rate over the forecast period is expected because the consumer base is limited to consumers in urban areas. Spray/aerosol Air Care products in particular are not considered to be necessary for consumers in rural areas, as they have fresher air, according to

Hello everyone. Water is often referred to as being the closest thing to a universal solvent. It dissolves a wide range of formula ingredients and dissolves into a wide range of formula chemicals.

For example, inorganic salts and organic salts, such as sodium chloride or sodium benzoate, dissolve in water. Most gases dissolve in water, and some gases—such as carbon dioxide—react with water to form corrosive ions and molecules. DME propellant is slightly water soluble and small amounts of water will dissolve in HFC152a propellant, LPG propellants and most organic solvents.

Water-insoluble organic chemicals can be mixed with water and surfactants to form emulsions. Emulsions can be either water in oil (oil-out or W/O emulsions) or oil in water (water-out or O/W emulsions).

Corrosion Basics: water chemistry and properties relevant to spray packaging
Water molecules are composed of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. The valence electrons in water molecules are not equally shared between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Thus, one area of the water molecule is positively charged and the other area is negatively charged.

This charge-polarization of water molecules causes them to migrate to and adsorb on metal surfaces. Water’s small size allows it to absorb into and migrate through the coatings inside aerosol containers and the laminate films on metal foils. The polarized water molecule stretches the polymer chains as the water absorbs into and diffuses through a polymer, thereby creating microscopic rivers through the polymer.

Corrosion Basics: water and spray package corrosion
Water could be in your formula either as an ingredient or as a contaminant. It also disassociates into a hydrogen ion and hydroxyl ion. The hydrogen ion is electrochemically active and will remove electrons from spray package metals, thereby causing corrosion. In other words, water is potentially also a corrosive ingredient in your formula.

Water plays a lot of different roles in spray package material corrosion. For example, water molecules:

• Could be a corrosive formula ingredient
• Transport corrosive formula ingredients to the package metal
• Move ionic charges to and from the corrosion site to maintain electrical charge balance at the corrosion site and the area surrounding the corrosion site
• Hydrate metal ions formed by corrosion
• Provide hydroxyl ions that react with metal ions to form visible corrosion (i.e., the rust observed on steel aerosol containers or the black corrosion on aluminum)
• Migrate through package polymer coatings and laminate films to the package metal to cause metal corrosion and/or the coating or the laminate film to separate from the package metal (delaminate)
• Transform container coatings into semi-permeable membranes that allow only specific formula ingredients to migrate through the coating to the container metal
• Form microscopic rivers of formula ingredients in a container coating or laminate film that could subsequently cause coating delamination and/or metal corrosion
• Are a solvent for the various corrosion inhibitors used to prevent and control spray package corrosion
• Could transform non-corrosive anhydrous formulas into package-eaters

Water could simultaneously play more than one of these roles during spray package corrosion. For example, corrosion of uncoated tinplated steel corrosion involves water as follows:

1. Water reacts with aluminum oxide in the container steel to form an aluminum hydroxide gel layer on top the container surface (aluminum is used in the steel making process)
2. Water plus the aluminum hydroxide gel forms a semipermeable membrane that allows only water and specific ions to pass into, out of and through the gel
3. Iron corrosion initiates in an effort to make the chemical composition of the liquid under the gel layer the same composition as the liquid above and surrounding the gel
4. Electrons generated by corrosion under the gel move through the metal and reduce water above and around the gel layer to form hydroxyl ions
5. The electrons from corrosion also reduce electrochemically active ions and molecules in your formula
6. Water hydrates iron ions and buffers the pH under the gel to approximately four
7. A portion of the iron ions under the gel diffuse through it into your formula
8. Water transports hydroxyl ions from the edge of the gel layer to the iron ions diffusing through the gel, forming the red/brown rust seen on steel containers
9. Osmotic pressure pulls negative ions, such as chloride ions, and water into and through the gel

Stages 3–9 often occur concurrently. One can see from this example that water is simultaneously performing roles of a) initiating corrosion, b) creating a more corrosive environment, c) a media for transporting ions, d) hydrolyzing metal ions, e) corrosive molecules and f) generating hydroxyl ions that react with the hydrolyzed metal ions. Water needs to be in the liquid state to perform its various corrosion-roles, and in several instances water is consumed in a given step.

How many water molecules are needed to form liquid water? From a thermodynamic perspective it only requires around 90 water molecules to form liquid water. However, more than 90 water molecules would be needed to sustain corrosion when water is consumed during corrosion.

In addition, measurements of water layer thickness in vapor areas indicate that corrosion occurs under an approximately 30 water molecules thick layer of water. In other words, not a lot of water is needed for spray package corrosion.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com or visit www.pairodocspro.com for more
information. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in October. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from Spray

Celebrating 10 years in Las Vegas, NV, Cosmoprof North America (CPNA) was held at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center from July 22–24. The event featured 856 exhibiting companies to a sold out show floor along with over 25,000 attendees representing a 9% increase to the year before that included importers, distributors, manufactures and global beauty leaders all under one roof. As in past years, CPNA attracted many new and innovative brands in addition to industry leaders.

The International Buyer Program, sponsored by UNIPRO, the Italian Association of Cosmetic Industries, once again united buyers and sellers around the world with the resources, contacts and data to build business partnerships. Beauty and cosmetic companies showcased their products and were offered the opportunity to have pre-scheduled appointments with a group of selected importers and distributors.

The International Country Pavilions allowed small and medium-sized companies from within select markets to participate in CPNA to obtain direct “face time” with distributors and retailers to secure distribution in the U.S. Featured countries included Brazil, China, Columbia, Italy, South Korea and Taiwan.

Discover Beauty assisted emerging brands in finding the appropriate retail market while highlighting new trends. The one-on-one meetings with prominent retailers aimed to give Discover Beauty brands critiques and feedback. The program returned this year with 15 brands competing for the Discover Beauty Award, with Layla Cosmetics from Italy as the winner.

CPNA also introduced another new initiative this year as a part of the Discover Beauty program, called SPOTLIGHTS. This new exhibit space offered smaller companies that excel on creativity, but seek economic solutions, the opportunity to showcase their products.

Prior to the show, CPNA announced that five students from the Penrose Academy in Scottsdale, AZ would participate in CPNA’s second annual Trendscout program. While given unrestricted access to the show floor, the CPNA Trendscouts met with exhibitors to find new product launches and discover the latest trends. They reported their findings via Twitter and Facebook posts, which were displayed in real-time at the main entrance of the show floor.

Special education seminars were filled to capacity with more than 500 attendees in total. Business and industry leaders from multiple sectors of the industry participated in round-table discussions and panels to share their knowledge and insights. In addition, the event also hosted PBA Beauty Week from the Professional Beauty Association.

Cosmoprof North America 2013 will take place July 14–16, once again at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas.

Luxe Pack Monaco, the premier show for creative packaging, will hold its 25th edition at the Grimaldi Forum Oct. 24-26. According to show organizers, a record number of 370 exhibitors are scheduled to attend, with 50 exhibiting for the first time. More than 6,300 visitors (52% international) are expected. More info: www.luxepack.com.

Seminars will include “Luxury Packaging & Sustainable Development: The New Alliance?” moderated by Cécile Lochard, Founder of Citizen Luxury and co-author of Luxury & Sustainable Development. Speakers will include Alice Audoin, Sustainable Development Director, Havas Media; Alexandre Capelli, LVMH Environment Management; Michel Dupuis, Senior VP Purchasing & Package Development, Chanel Parfums Beaute; Sylvain Lambert, Partner, Price WaterHouse Cooper Sustainable Development Dept.; Alexandre Murat, President & Founder of Adamence.com and coauthor of Luxury & Sustainable Development; and Sandrine Sommer, Sustainable Development Director, Guerlain. “The Trends Observer” roundtable session will feature packaging design trends as illustrated by examples of new products. Trends Observer members, experts in packaging, design, colors, communication and sociology are, Beatrice Mariotti, VP, Carré Noir; Jean-Paul Cornillou, Packaging & Retail Dept. Manager, Strate Collège; Isabelle Musnik, Contents & Editorial Manager, INfluencia; Lan Vu, Founder Beautystreams; Fabrice Peltier, President, Fabrice Peltier Créations; Patrice Duchemin, sociologist; Rémy Oudghiri, Director of Corporate Strategy and Trends & Future Studies, Ipsos Public Affairs; and Sabine Durand, Editor in Chief and Eloise Cohen, Deputy Editor in Chief, Formes de Luxe.

The roundtable on anti-counterfeiting innovations—“From Visible to Invisible: The Latest Technologies for Security & Traceability of your Products”—will be moderated by Gilles Gauthier, Manager R & D / Design Eco Plastic Design Center. Speakers will include Herlé Carn, Director of Brand Protection, Arjowiggins Security; Xavier Costet, CEO, Costet Decorations SAS; William Branchut, Account Manager Printing, Plastics & Security Merck; Chimie & Sébastien Maule, Head of Product Security Merck Serono; Nicolas Kerbellec, President Olnica; and Aurélien DIF, Business Development Manager, Olnica.

Total production was 38.22 million units in 2011, a 41.14% jump from 2009, but a 53.45% decrease since 2007. Categories that showed improvement were Personal Care, Household Care, Industrial & Technical products and Pharmaceutical & Veterinary products. Categories that showed a decline included Automotive Products and Paints & Varnishes.

The Czech aerosol industry is a small one and focused primarily on contract filling for export, according to ČAS. The local Czech market for aerosols, on the other hand, is primarily dominated by multinational companies.

Currently, there are only four aerosol fillers in the Czech Republic, and they all belong to ČAS. Also in the organization are three suppliers of aerosol packaging components, with the remaining members comprised of aerosol distributors. Altogether, ČAS has ten members, down from a few years ago when it had eighteen members. ČAS is a member of the European Aerosol federation (FEA). More information: www.cz-aerosol.cz.

Chapters include Metal Containers, Glass Aerosols, Plastic Containers, Aerosol Valves, Cover Caps, Crimping, Toxicology, Flammability, Propellents and many more. The price is $129.99 and can be ordered at www.spraytechnology.com.

Ball Corp. won five awards at the recent International Metal Decorator’s Association (IMDA) conference in Bloomingdale, IL. Honors included The Best of Category for Aerosol Containers Award for Ball’s 9.5-oz. aerosol can for Barbasol’s Pure Silk Moisturizing Shave Cream. The label was printed using Ball’s six-color hexachrome process, unique in the metal decorating industry. The can was made at Ball’s Elgin, IL plant. Ball also received the Grand Award and Best of Category Award for Two-Piece Cans for the 12-oz. can for Sierra Nevada’s Pale Ale craft beer; the Award of Excellence for Two-Piece Cans for Ball’s 16-oz. beverage can for New Belgium Brewing’s Fat Tire Amber Ale; and the 2012 Decorator of the Year Award.

Delaware Governor Jack Markell, Delaware Dept. of Natural Resources & Environmental Control (DNREC) Secretary Collin O’Mara and Croda Inc. President Kevin Gallagher broke ground in June to begin construction of a $6 million landfill-gas-to-energy project at the Croda Atlas Point chemical manufacturing plant in New Castle, DE. The renewable energy endeavor will use landfill gas from the nearby Cherry Island Landfill as fuel to operate the plant, providing it with enough renewable energy to power 55% of the plant’s operations. In total, the effort will allow Croda to use renewable energy equivalent to powering 3,500 homes. The venture also will shrink the facility’s carbon footprint, reducing its annual greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to removing 33,000 passenger cars from the road.

Croda is investing $5.5 million as part of its commitment to sustainable energy. The company also received a $500,000 grant from the Delaware Energy Efficiency Investment Fund (EEIF) Program. The project will create 20 construction jobs and is expected to be completed this month.

The future looks bright and shiny as Household Care aerosol production jumps yet again.

The Consumer Specialty Products Association’s (CSPA) latest survey of U.S. aerosol products production indicated that fillings of Household Care products (disinfectants, room deodorants, waxes & polishes, hard surface cleaners, rug cleaners and others) increased 2.42% in 2011, making it the category with the highest production sector, followed by Personal Care.

While these results are positive, according to Euromonitor International, when making necessary Household Care purchases, consumers continued to forgo premium products in favor of more basic products, and traded down to economy brands and private label alternatives to help make ends meet. Although in some areas of Home Care consumers chose the cheapest version of products, some consumers looking to cut costs in 2011 simply gave up the cleaning altogether. In toilet care, for instance, many consumers decided to simply stop purchasing these products, as toilet cleaning was “not normally considered an absolute necessity” like other areas of home care, such as dish washing and laundry, according to Euromonitor.

With consumers revaluating the cost of almost every single purchasing decision, marketers had to find a way to distinguish themselves. This was accomplished by innovations in convenience. Realizing that shoppers are willing to pay for the effectiveness, convenience and ease of aerosols and sprays, marketers launched a variety of new Household Care spray products in the past year.

Squeaky clean
According to new research from the American Cleaning Institute (ACI), convenience with consumers pay special attention to the following areas when cleaning: windows (72%), blinds/curtains (67%), ceiling fans and carpets (both 65%), cleaning clothing closets and drawers (63%) and desks/home office spaces (51%). When it comes to prioritizing what rooms to spruce up, spring cleaners target the kitchen (74%), bedroom (73%), bathrooms (71%), and family room/ den (56%). It’s a good thing there are so many hot new products to choose from.

Caldrea Aromatherapeutic Homekeeping Countertop Spray uses a special vegetable protein extract to help eliminate odors from kitchen or bath. It is safe and effective on any non-porous surface, including natural stone. Caldrea Linen & Room Spray can be misted onto laundry on the line, pre-iron or post-dryer. It refreshes sheets, pillows and blankets using safe, versatile essential oils. It can also be used as a room spray, especially in the nursery to refresh a diaper pail.

Scents include Ginger & Pomelo, Palmarosa & Wild Mint, Lavender & Pine, Mandarin & Vetiver, Basil & Blue Sage, Sea Salt & Neroli and Sweet Pea. Other products in the line include Dish Soap, All-Purpose Cleaner, Powdered Scrub, Stainless Steel Spray, Hand Soap & Refill, Hand Lotion, Hand Balm, Candle, Laundry Detergent, Fabric Softener, Delicate Wash, Sport Wash, Dark Wash and Dryer Sheets.

New from SC Johnson is Pledge Extra Moisturizing with lemon oil. It has conditioning agents that nourish wood and enhance its natural beauty. It can be used on windowsills, cabinets, decorative trim, tables and chairs
and is safe to use on leather.

SC Johnson Pledge Orange Clean & Shine Furniture Polish cleans and removes dust, dirt, smudges and common allergens from dust mites, pet dander and pollen. It protects from water spills and stains, is safe for use on all finished, sealed woods and has no wax and no build-up.

Fantastik Scrubbing Bubbles Total Kitchen Foaming All Purpose Cleaner from SC Johnson is specially formulated for the kitchen. The foaming action clings to surfaces and cuts grease and grime, has a fresh, citrus scent and no residue. It’s suitable for countertops, granite, stainless steel, stove tops, microwaves, appliances, sinks and faucets. It can also be used as a pre-soak for heavily soiled pots and pans.

Weiman’s Fabric & Upholstery Cleaner safely removes stains and odors from upholstery and most household fabrics. The product is eco-friendly with a non-toxic formula and leaves the surface safe for kids and pets. It conveniently sprays at any angle and is therefore suitable to tackle large surfaces. The product features Aptar Beauty + Home’s BOV pressurized dispensing system and the Vail Twist to Lock actuator and a 14 oz. recyclable can from DS Containers.

You’ve heard of celebrity fragrances, but brace yourself for celebrity cleaning products. Author, TV personality, businesswoman, magazine publisher and founder of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, the icon herself has launched Martha Stewart Clean All-Purpose Cleaner.
The products cuts through grease, grime and dirt and is safe on all surfaces. The non-toxic plant- and mineral-based formula is safe for children and pets and comes in a recyclable clear plastic bottle. There are no fragrances or colors, just natural cleaning agents.

Cleaning up after pets Retail sales of pet supplies in the U.S reached more than $11 billion in 2011 and are expected to grow by another 3.3% in 2012, according to market research firm Mintel. The recession drove some owners to abandon their pets or take them to shelters and this is the primary reason that the incidence of pet ownership was 2% lower in the 2009-10 review period compared with 2008-09. However, the incidence of pet ownership in the U.S. reached 59% in 2010-11 and this five-year high helped to drive growth in sales of pet supplies in 2011. Mintel expects that the high incidence of ownership will also play a key role in driving gains in 2012.

Bona U.S., in business since 1919, launched Bona Hardwood Floor Spot Cleaner for the elimination of pet odors and messes. According to the company, the product is safe, effective, environmentally-friendly floor care.

“Leaving pet soils on floors for an extended period of time may damage the finish of hardwood floors,” said Chad Nordhagen, Director of Marketing, Bona U.S. “Our research team developed Bona Hardwood Floor Spot Cleaner to address this issue to help homeowners maintain beautiful floors for a lifetime.”

The formula breaks up messes to dissolve and safely lift soils from the floor to minimize the potential of staining without streaking or leaving residue behind. safe for use around family and pets, it is GREENGUARD Indoor Air Quality Certified.

Clean+Green Litter Box Cleaner & Odor Remover
by SeaYu is a Green cleaning solution for the removal of cat urine odor and stains from feces, vomit, urine and hairballs in and around the litter box. Made from environmentally friendly, natural cleaning ingredients and packaged in a recyclable container, the eco-friendly and effective product is as safe for pets’ health as it is for the environment. Clean+Green Litter Box Cleaner & Odor Remover comes in a can from DS Containers and is filled by ATI.

Air Care’s place in the home
Air fresheners used to be quickly put away after use. Now, consumers are actively leaving these products in plain view, not just in the bathroom, but in other living spaces throughout their homes because the package was designed to be attractive and complement the home’s décor. Can shaping and decoration is impacting where consumers keep products in their homes, according to Melissa Quintana, Marketing Manager, CROWN Aerosol Packaging North America. Additional characteristics such as easy-to-grip shapes enhance the convenience of the packaging and build loyalty for the brand.

Cleaning Products Compendium
The Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA) announced the release of the 5th Edition Cleaning Products Compendium. The Compendium, which features 11 individual test methods created through scientific collaboration and interlaboratory testing, gives formulators seeking to develop cleaning products and/or test product efficacy a reference tool for standardized processes recognized by the household products industry. The Compendium supports an ongoing effort to provide consistent and industry supported scientific test methods used in developing consumer cleaning products.

For the 5th Edition, eight of the eleven available test methods have been updated and can be obtained as a complete group, or individually. Six of the Compendium’s updated test methods are currently recognized by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Design for the Environment (DfE) program as an acceptable standard for the development of safer cleaning products.

Aerosols, the second largest sub-segment in home air fresheners (after plug-ins), had a comparably strong five-year performance in 2011, according to Mintel, whose research shows high overall usage of spray/aerosols (76%), as they are the most widely used of all air fresheners.

The home fragrances market in the U.S. continued to recover, according to market research firm Kline & Co. Sales through all consumer channels at the manufacturers’ level reached $3.5 billion in 2011, an increase of 2% over 2010.

Driven by an increased focus on high-margin products, the luxury and mass segments were nearly equal in importance in 2011. Since 2006, premium-priced home fragrance products experienced consistently steady growth, narrowing the gap between the mass and luxury segments by less than three percentage points.

Specialty stores, the leading channel, continue to register strong gains due to their fresh store formats, enticing new products and in-store excitement. Specialty stores accounted for nearly 30% of total market sales in 2011. The direct sales channel registered the strongest gain in 2011, due to stellar sales through the Internet for the most part, plus strong sales growth for online store Scentsy.

Air Wick 4in1 Air Freshener from Reckitt Benckiser comes in premium fragrances, acts in seconds, eliminates odors and lasts up to one hour. In addition to the traditional 8oz size, Air Wick 4in1 now comes in a Mega 18oz can. Scents include Cool Linen & White Lilac, Fresh Waters, Lavender & Chamomile, Magnolia & Cherry Blossom, Rain Garden, Sparkling Citrus and
Vanilla Indulgence.

For safety’s sake Home Guard Class A Foam Fire Suppressant Spray by Shield Fire Protection is formulated to tackle common combustible fires in the home. It incorporates the same agent that fire departments use for fighting fast spreading forest fires. It’s tested and certified for use on common combustible fires such as wood, paper, fabrics, furnishings, plastics and rubber. Its wetting properties allow the foam to absorb more of the fire’s heat and provide greater penetration into burning materials. According to the company, it’s cleaner than dry chemical to ensure minimal clean-up.

Also from Shield Fire Protection is Kitchen Guard Wet Chemical Fire
Suppressant Spray. It incorporates the same extinguishing agent that protects deep fat fryers in restaurant kitchens and is recommended by the National Fire Protection Association for tackling cooking oil and grease fires.
It has cooling and sealing capabilities to prevent fires from reigniting. Kitchen Guard discharges a clean gentle spray to ensure the burning oil does not splash out of the pan and its cooling properties ensure the fire stays out. Both products’ cans are manufactured by DS Containers and filled by Chem-Pak.

Head out to the yard…
Too nice out to stay cooped up inside? Head outdoors and clean in the sunshine. Dawn Grill Cleaner from Procter & Gamble makes outdoor cleaning easier. The foam spray’s specially designed formula penetrates tough burnt-on grease on the grill and then easily wipes away grease. It penetrates greasy food soils and can also be used on dishes, pots and pans. It is recommended for use before or after grilling and rinses thoroughly with water. For vehicles, Empack launched the new Emzone Automotive Appearance & Maintenance lineup that features products that help to detail, maintain and improve the look and performance of vehicles. The new automotive line expands upon its existing products with the addition of new items and has transitioned the existing trade packaging into a new and exciting look for the retail environment. The packaging is designed for the DIY customer with a consumer friendly appeal, and offers improved differentiation between items. The product line includes a range of items including interior and exterior cleaning, as well as a variety of lubricants and greases.
“Emzone was developed for the automotive industry,” said Cameron Brown, Director of Marketing & Sales. “With our new packaging and merchandising solutions, we are now able to bring this same quality, performance and value to the DIY consumer.”

“Many of our automotive items are multi-functional and can be used within the household as well, such as our Carpet and Upholstery Cleaner, Ultimate Shine, Foaming Glass Cleaner, and a number of our lubricants,” said Marketing Coordinator Natalie Tuysusian.

3M Automotive Car Care products earned an AmeriStar Award in the automotive category based upon the IoPP criteria of economic advantage, environmental consideration and product protection. The newly-designed packaging was manufactured with PET, including 25% post-consumer recycled material.

The change in packaging material will annually eliminate 63,063 pounds of PET from the waste system, according to the company. The new  containers, from TricorBraun, afford an economic advantage by reducing package weight 12.5%—a factor that lowered distribution costs.  Additionally, the new resin allowed for a less costly closure. Even with the change in resins, the package continues to protect the physical integrity of the product and the new closure provides a better seal.

Like a Pro
This year we’ve seen a number of products geared for professionals that can also be used in the home. For instance, WD-40 Co. introduced WD-40 Specialist, a new line of specialty products formulated for trade professionals. The new Specialist line consists of five products: Rust Release Penetrant Spray, Water Resistant Silicone Lubricant, Protective White Lithium Grease, Long-Term Corrosion Inhibitor and Rust Remover Soak.

“Trade professionals need products that work for specialized jobs and the WD-40 Specialist product line is a great arsenal to help them do their jobs better,” said Dr. Ernest Bernarducci, VP of Research & Technology, WD-40 Co. He also stressed the products can be used at home, as well. Developed at the WD-40 Research & Development Center, all of the new WD-40 Specialist products are 50-state VOC compliant.

Burnishine Products has released Burnishine 20/20 Glass Cleaner, a new aerosol cleaner for use in graphic arts applications. The product is the latest in a line of products formulated specifically for use in modern printing and converting plants. It’s packaged in a form convenient for easy application and leaves no film, streaks, scratches or residue. Its antistatic formulation contains no ammonia, and is useful for cleaning copy boards, lenses, negatives, and stripping tables. It can be safely used of a variety of surfaces, including Formica, chrome, porcelain, and plastics.

Not actually for fish tanks, Fish Foam Window Cleaner from Camie eliminates drips and rundowns while cleaning all types of windows, such as bay and picture windows, mirrors, stained glass, windshields and cubicle glass panels and partitions. Formulated for both home and business owners, the professional grade cleaner makes windows and surfaces sparkle. Fish Foam comes in a can from DS Containers and is filled by ATI.
Johnsen’s R-22 refrigerant from TCC is packaged and intended for certified air conditioning installers. R-22 is a non-automotive aerosol refrigerant used to charge household and commercial air conditioning units and systems. The R-22 cans, with proprietary bottom, are supplied by ITW Sexton.

The future of Household Care
The Household Cleaners: A Global Outlook report from Global Industry Analysts predicts global demand for household cleaning agents will go beyond $83 billion (€62 billion) by 2015, according to www.cleaningproductseurope.com. The report identifies demand from consumers in the Asia-Pacific countries as an important factor in expected growth. Social factors such as concern over the spread of infectious diseases
and food hygiene will also play a central role.

Euromonitor International predicts that although convenience will be one of the main selling points for many areas of home care in the near and distant future, it will not be the only one. Scents will continue to be of critical importance to consumers who wish to further customize their households to more exactly reflect their preferences. Many areas of home care, such as surface care, laundry and toilet care, increasingly attempted to tap into this demand over the review period, and in many cases, were successful. For this reason, many companies are likely to follow suit through expanding the scent portfolio of existing brands to better cater to the increasingly selective tastes of consumers.

ACI speaks to Environmental Working Group
The American Cleaning Institute (ACI) expressed disappointment with a new publicity campaign designed to promote false fears about cleaning products that are used safely and effectively every day.

“Cleaning products play an essential role in our daily lives,” said Brian Sansoni, ACI VP of Communication. “By safely and effectively removing  oils, germs and other contaminants, they help us to stay healthy, care for our homes and possessions, and make our surroundings more pleasant. Consumers can continue using cleaning products with confidence.

“The Environmental Working Group’s new publicity attack on practically every cleaning product category is really an assault on common sense. The group distorts the science and research about product and ingredient safety. It ignores the fact that an enormous amount of resources are dedicated to assuring the safety of products, including many millions of dollars in research, development and testing before products ever hit the shelves. And they seem to forget the three words on product labels that prevent potential real-life problems from occurring: ‘Use as directed.’”

ACI added that “instead of sending out fundraising pitches that coarsen the public dialogue over product safety, interest groups should help focus attention on the great deal of information that is already publicly available on cleaning products and their ingredients. The public interest would be better served by dialogue rather than baseless attacks.”

“Through our industry’s Consumer Product Ingredient Communication Initiative, companies are sharing information about product ingredients via labels, websites, toll-free numbers or other non-electronic means,” said Sansoni. Consumers can find out more in-depth information on ACI’s Ingredient Central webpage: www.cleaninginstitute.org/IngredientCentral.

The LVP-VOC exemption is for compounds that meet certain criteria set by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). If the compound meets the LVP-VOC definition, then the compound is not counted as a VOC, thus not counted toward the VOC limit. The LVP-VOC exemption has been in the
Consumer Product regulation since the beginning of regulations. LVP-VOCs are used in the majority of Consumer Products. In addition, the LVP-VOC compounds are the reason a majority of the CARB VOC limits for categories were set at the values in the regulation. CARB has stated that LVP-VOC
could get industry to a majority of the VOC limits and has been used to justify the low VOC limits set by them.

Next, you may ask how SCAQMD can do this. Remember, CARB has sole authority to regulate Consumer
Products. This means that SCAQMD must put pressure on CARB to get this task accomplished.
Here is how SCAQMD could accomplish this task: SCAQMD puts the proposed removal of LVPVOC’s
in Consumer Products into their Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). This proposal is
referred to as CTS-04, which means the fourth control measure for Coatings & Solvents. SCAQMD
can go to their governing board and get CTS-04 into the AQMP. This is very likely to happen for several
reasons.

First, SCAQMD wants to be able to regulate Consumer Products. Second, timing is short. This AQMP needs to be approved soon, likely in October. Lastly, SCAQMD is downplaying this action as an “option” for consideration. We (industry) have heard this before. SCAQMD will tout that this is an option until the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officially approves the AQMP. Then, any emission reductions associated with this provision will become mandatory.

I attended a public meeting at SCAQMD in July. During this meeting, the CTS-04 was not even mentioned; only NOx reductions were discussed. Also, in July was a SCAQMD AQMP Advisory Board meeting. During this meeting, SCAQMD was asked whether it was proposing the removal of LVPVOC in Consumer Products just in the SCAQMD or statewide. SCAQMD responded quickly with “statewide.” In addition, SCAQMD stated that there had been discussion with CARB and they believe CARB will act on this proposal.

Back to the process of this proposal
Once the AQMP with included CTS-04 is passed by the SCAQMD governing board, then the plan is passed to CARB for approval. CARB governing board needs to put the AQMP into the State Implementation Plan (SIP). Here is the spot in the process for industry to attempt to remove the CTS-04 provision. Currently, SCAQMD is only concerned with NOx reductions; CTS-04 is an ozone reduction. Industry needs to convince CARB to remove the CTS-04 provision before the AQMP is adopted into the SIP. Once the SIP is approved by CARB governing board, it is sent to the EPA for approval. Removing CTS-04 at the EPA level would be difficult. Once approved by EPA, the provisions of CTS-04 are federally enforceable and mandatory, meaning CARB would be forced to implement.

Summary
This is a very detailed and technical issue. SCAQMD is attempting to regulate Consumer Products. Removal of LVP-VOC exemption will devastate Consumer Products as we know them. If SCAQMD and CARB decide to go after a few or even only one category, and it is not one you care about, I can’t express myself strongly enough: Do not ignore it! Your category could be next. Once a prec edent is set, CARB will never let it go. Remember chlorinated compounds? If you don’t, that’s because it happened to them. If you do remember them, you know what I am talking about. This is a bad provision and an even worse precedent if passed. Industry needs to fight this and keep the LVP-VOC exemption intact for all
Consumer Product categories. The time for industry to stick together and work together is now! More to come…

Green Chemistry
Okay, there is one more significant issue this month. The Green Chemistry draft regulation was released on July 27 for a 45 day comment period. The Dept. of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) released the draft “Safer Consumer Products Regulation” for public comment. Comments are due on Sept. 11, 2012. The regulation can be found at http://dtsc.ca.gov/SCPRegulations.cfm. I encourage you to read this document and comment.

This month, Commentary is provided by guest editorialist, Alain D’haese,
Secretary General of the European Aerosol Federation (FEA).

The first edition of the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) was published in 2003. Since then, the GHS has been updated, revised and improved every two years as needs arise and experience is gained in its implementation.

The fourth and last revised edition of the GHS (GHS Rev.4) includes, among other things, a new hazard category for non-flammable aerosols. The European Union will adopt these new classification and labeling provisions early next year, but many countries in the world are currently in the process of implementing “only” the third revised edition. So discrepancies will still remain for a certain time.

Today, if innovation emerges somewhere in the world, it should offer  pportunities everywhere else. The places where an idea appears and where the innovation is used on the market can be totally disconnected. In this context, it is of utmost importance that the aerosol industry continues its broad dialogue about which provisions could be (or not be) globally implemented and when.

If global provisions and standards definitely facilitate the development of the industry, it is, however, not always favorable to implement new provisions too quickly or at an inappropriate moment. For example, it has been agreed within the industry not to harmonize the content labeling of aerosols in weight or in volume, but to let all regions continue with their existing requirements. This message has been passed on to authorities and still needs to be secured at the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) level.

In this global spirit, a limited number of aerosol industry representatives and national aerosol association staff meet once a year as the International Liaison Committee. The goal is to exchange experience and views in order to avoid threats to the aerosol industry and to foster opportunities.

The next meeting will be hosted by the Aerosol Promotion Council (APC) in
November 2012 in Mumbai, India. The next FEA International Aerosol Congress & Exhibition will be hosted by the Asociación Española De Aerosoles (AEDA) and will take place Sept. 24-26, 2013 in Madrid, Spain. AEDA has already organized previous editions in Barcelona in 1981 and Seville in 1993.

The relevance of our industry requires an event featuring concepts such as internationalization, globalization and innovation, and thus is reflected in the Congress slogan: “Where the aerosol becomes global”. As usual, this event is designed for a large worldwide aerosol audience and is definitely the place to be! For more information, please visit www.aerosolmadrid2013.com.

I hope to meet you at these events.

Afa Dispensing Group is celebrating 40 years of packaging innovation. Afa has marked this anniversary of its trigger sprayers business with the opening of a brand new Innovation Center in Helmond, The Netherlands. The Center is adjacent to, and integrated with, Afa’s local production site, enabling the visitor to experience the entire process of product development—from research to concept, product design to prototype and final product to mass production.

In celebration of the London 2012 Olympic Games, Old Spice teamed up with Timothy Wang, who will look to secure the USA’s first-ever medal in Table Tennis at this year’s Games. Old Spice’s partnership with Wang celebrates the brand’s new Champion scent, which features the Olympic Rings on its packaging. The Old Spice Champion lineup includes a full range of aerosol body spray, anti-perspirant, deodorant and body wash products designed to give men motivation and self confidence. To kick off its partnership with Wang, Old Spice hosted a table tennis event in Los Angeles, CA in July, where Wang greeted fans and provided table tennis pointers prior to departing for the London 2012 Olympic Games.
 

The Independent Cosmetic Manufacturers and Distributors (ICMAD) recently held its 7th annual Cosmetic Innovators of The Year (CITY) Awards at the Manhattan Penthouse in New York City. With a record-breaking increase of 180% applicants, the CITY Awards once again recognized entrepreneurs for their achievements. Janet Gurwitch, Founder and former CEO of Laura Mercier Cosmetics; Pam Busiek, CEO and President of ICMAD; and Ian Ginsberg, Chairman of the Board of ICMAD, presented the awards to the 14 winners, who were selected by a panel of industry experts, who cast their votes based on innovative products, packaging, and advertising/marketing concepts. In addition to earning the CITY Award this year, the winning companies will take part in the first-ever CITY 2012 Beauty Trunk Show. This all-new initiative will give the winners another platform to display their award-winning products at national retailers.

Honeywell’s non-flammable, non-ozone depleting Solstice Propellant has a global warming potential of six andcan be used in various aerosol applications including personal and household care products, dusters, warning systems, industrial cleaners and novelty aerosol products. See also Regulatory Issues, p.37.

Crown Aerosol Packaging North America, a business unit of Crown Holdings, Inc., has been issued a special permit exempting the company from Dept. of Transportation (DOT) regulations on the transportation of pressurized products. According to the company, Crown is the only metal packaging supplier to have received this exemption, which is based on technology advances in lightweighting and double seaming, and helps the company’s customers enhance their own sustainability platforms thanks to overall resource reduction and weight savings, translating to decreased fuel costs during transportation.

The Ardagh Group announced it was restructuring its UK operations. Manufacturing of aerosol sprays at the Dragon Parc site at Abercanaid will be transferred from Merthyr, Wales to Sutton in Ashfield, Nottinghamshire. According to the company, it plans to support the 146 Merthyr employees in the event of job losses and review new employment opportunities at other Ardagh manufacturing locations.

Rexam has agreed to sell its underperforming personal care business in two parts for $709 million in cash and return about $580.5 million of the proceeds to investors.

Private equity firm Sun Capital Partners had agreed to buy the cosmetics, toiletries and household care division for $459 million, Rexam said, while Silgan Holdings would acquire its high-barrier food packaging business for $250 million.

Rexam put the businesses, which employ 7,000 people, on the block in February because they had been hit by rising costs and lower volumes. The company said it would
restructure as a result of the sale.

Jiang Guomin—Director of both the Shanghai Aerosol Chemical Technology Institute and the Shanghai Spray & Aerosol Research Center, as well as standing President of the Shanghai Spray Technology Society— recently presented Environment Friendly Fumigants & Their Application for Health, Quarantine & Inspection at the Frontier at the 2nd Beyond Agriculture Seminar in Shanghai, China.

Luxe Pack New York (LPNY) celebrated its 10th anniversary this year with record attendance. The event, held May 16–17, attracted 2,607 unique visitors, an increase of 10.2% over 2011. The two-day gathering showcased 141 exhibitors, nine seminars and
three special exhibits.

“This year, Luxe Pack New York really had a dynamic atmosphere with increases in attendance, very strong seminars and the anniversary celebration. Ten years of
continuous and controlled growth make Luxe Pack the reference event dedicated to creative packaging” said Nathalie Grosdidier, Executive Director, Luxe Pack.

There were nine targeted standingroom only seminars, designed to help industry leaders stay ahead of the trends and informed about the newest developments in consumer
purchasing habits, creativity, R&D and niche marketing. Among the featured speakers were Maria Archambault, AVP, Technical Packaging, L’Oréal USA; Sharon Graubard, SVP Trend Analysis, Stylesight; Kelly Kovack, Co-Founder Luxury packaging event continues to draw large crowds… Purpose-Built; Raymond Matts, International Fragrance Designer; Mark Polson, VP, Creativity & Business Innovation Global Management Strategies, The Estée Lauder Cos.; and Henry Renella, Senior VP, Estée Lauder Global Package Development.

Special exhibits included the Innovation Forum, Material ConneXion Lab and the Pratt Institute “Marc Rosen Scholarship & Education Fund for Packaging by Design at Pratt Institute” student designs.

The next edition of LPNY will take place May 15–16, 2013 at The Metropolitan Pavilion & Altman Building, New York, NY.

To celebrate the 20th Anniversary of HBA Global Expo & Conference, a panel of beauty innovators kicked off the event, entitled “The Future of Beauty.” Jane Larkworthy, Beauty Director of W Magazine moderated Deanna Kangas, President & CEO, Stila Cosmetics; Sonia Kashuk, make-up artist/entrepreneur; Jim Markham, Founder & CEO, ColorProof Evolved Color Care; and Catherine Walsh, Senior VP, Coty Prestige in a lively discussion of beauty advancements and innovations.

When it comes to fine fragrance, Walsh commented that mature brands are trying hard to hold on to market share, and have seen a return to flankers as a way to achieve this. However, rather than a tweaked bottle or cap design, flankers are being launched as completely new fragrances. She also emphasized that celebrity fragrances were still an effective way of retaining consumer interest, using the recent successes of Justin Beiber, Taylor Swift and Madonna as examples, as well as the 10th anniversary re-launch of Jennifer Lopez’ Glow fragrance.

Sonia Kashuk commented on how there is no longer a huge separation between mass and prestige, as mass personal care products have “upped the game” and become upscale. She also observed that indie brands can initially suffer due to constrained funding and distribution; Markham agreed, concluding that indies need to “build a better mousetrap” in order to be noticed.

Awards aplenty
The winners of HBA International Package Design Awards (IPDA) were announced by Lady Emmy during a special ceremony. Winners included:

• Embleme Fragrance by Zermat Internacional (Fragrance Mass)
• Too Too by Betsey Johnson (Fragrance Prestige)
• bébé de forêt by Yuhan-Kimberly (Skin Care Mass)
• MAC Lightful Marine Bright by MAC (Skin Care Prestige)
• Just For Men AutoStop by Combe, Inc. (Personal Care Mass)
• Love. Lust. Light Body & Boudoir Candle by Naked Princess (Personal Care Prestige)
• MudPot by Black Rock Mud Company (Green Packaging)
• It Kit by vbeauté for Sampling (Travel Size)
• pH Matchmaker Powered Bronzer, Blush & Lip Gloss by Physicians Formula (Cosmetic Mass)
• Burberry Cosmetics Line by Inter Parfums (Cosmetic Prestige)
• Sephora Collection Brush Wand by Anisa International (Grand Award Winner)

For the first time, HBA Global attendees voted for their favorite new product from industry suppliers, displayed in the on-site New Product Showcase. Winners of the Exhibitor New Product Excellence Awards were:

• Uniform Color Company for its CT EcoBrite fluorescent color concentrates that are FDA compliant, chlorine-free, and non-haloginated.
• Omni Bio Solutions for its J Bio Advanced Recovery Serum.
• Anisa International Inc. for its Wildly Beautiful Collection.
• UFP Technologies for its Plantable Packaging, a 100% recyclable custom packaging solution with embedded flower seeds.

Another new HBA feature was the 2012 Best of SPLASH Awards. During the event, attendees visited the inaugural SPLASH Pavilion and voted for their favorite emerging brands. Winners were Zenagen professional hair care products; Me & the Girls luxury
skin care; and Scalisi Skincare.

In addition, a new Facebook campaign allowed the
entire HBA community to vote on their favorite new package. It generated 25,000 votes and close to one million impressions, naming Socializer’s Can You Keep a Secret? Lip Exfoliator & Conditioning Balm as the winner of the First Annual IPDA People’s Choice Award.

The next HBA Expo will be held June 18-20, 2013, once again at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center in New York City.

Crime novelist, lawyer, former prosecutor and
philanthropist Linda Fairstein received the 4th Annual HBA Positively Beautiful Award for her active support of Safe Horizon, which provides support, prevents violence and promotes justice for victims of crime and abuse. 

For 40 years, Fairstein served in the office of the NY County District Attorney, where she was Chief of the Sex Crimes Prosecution Unit and supervised the investigation and trial of sexual assault, domestic violence, child abuse and homicide cases. She is also an internationally bestselling author of a series of crime novels (translated into more than a dozen languages) featuring Manhattan prosecutor Alexandra Cooper. The fourteenth in the series Night Watch—debuted in July. 

Pictured: Jill Birkett, Brand Director, HBA Global Beauty & Wellness Events (left) presents Fairstein with the Positively Beautiful Award.

Hind will have responsibility for management of global multinational relationships and will oversee the management of the Europe and Asia/Pacific regions as well as South Africa.

“Doug is a critical addition to the team, bringing terrific depth of industry knowledge and contacts along with excellent general management experience. We are thrilled that he has joined the Precision team and I personally look forward to working closely with him as a partner” said Curt Solsvig, Precision’s COO.

John Abplanalp, Precision’s CEO added, “Doug has been a formidable competitor for many years and we look forward to having him on the team. His international expertise and customer relationships will be a welcome addition.”

Jacques Challes was appointed Chief Innovation Officer at L´Oréal. He succeeds Nicolas Rosselli, who retired in July. Challes joined L’Oréal’s Consumer Products Division in 1982.

Henkel appointed Carsten Knobel Executive VP, Finance & Purchasing, effective July. He succeeds Lothar Steinebach, who retired after more than 30 years with the company. Knobel has been with Henkel since 1995.

Martin Kaufmann was appointed GM, Aveda North America. Shelley Simmons was named VP, Global Communications Aveda in June.

The American Cleaning Institute (ACI) named Melissa Bernardo as Manager, Sustainability Programs, a newly-created position. Brian Sansoni, ACI VP, Communications & Membership, will add the title of VP, Sustainability Initiatives.

Fusion Packaging announced the addition of Michael Cafiero as Director of Sales. He will lead the U.S. sales team and be based in the Secaucus, NJ office reporting into Lesley Gadomski, VP of Sales.

Croda Inc. announced that Penny Vanemon is now VP, Marketing. She rejoins the Croda team, having started her career there as Synthesis Chemist. She most recently held the position of VP, Strategy Development for Resource Advantage.

New Hazards in Hazcom 2012: Pyrophoric Gases, Simple Asphyxiants, Combustible Dust and Hazards Not Otherwise Classified

Although known as the “Globally Harmonized System” (GHS), the U.S. implementation of GHS (known as Hazcom 2012) contains four hazard classes not found in other implementations of GHS, such as the European Union’s CLP. These four hazard classes (along with many other differences) make it impossible to simply import a European Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or label and use it in the U.S. Furthermore, the fourth class, “hazards not otherwise classified” (HNOCs) will require that industry standards be monitored heavily and SDSs be updated frequently to ensure that they contain all relevant HNOCs. Failure to do so increases the risk that firms can face civil liabilities and
class-action lawsuits.

The first three new hazard classes are relatively straight forward. The first, Pyrophoric Gases, is defined as “a chemical in a gaseous state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130°F or below.”

The second, Simple Asphyxiants, are defined as “substances or mixtures that displace oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and death.”

Finally, Combustible Dust follows the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)’s earlier Hazard Communication Guidance for Combustible Dusts. Each of the three classes has their own standardized hazard language that needs to appear on both SDSs and industrial labels.

The fourth class, “hazards not otherwise classified” (HNOC) is significantly different than the first three as it is a “catch-all” for a variety of different hazards. Hazcom 2012 defines an HNOC as: “Hazard not otherwise classified (HNOC) means an adverse physical or health effect identified through evaluation of scientific evidence during the classification process that does not meet the specified criteria for the physical or health hazard classes addressed in this section. This does not extend coverage to adverse physical and health effects for which there is a hazard class addressed in this section, but the effect either falls below the cut-off value/concentration limit of the hazard class or is under a GHS hazard category that has not been adopted by OSHA (e.g. acute toxicity Category 5).”

Fortunately there are no requirements to provide information on HNOCs on a product label (though companies are free to do so if they wish). They do, however, need to be clearly identified on Section Two of the SDS. Because there is no standardization of HNOCs, there is no standardized language that is needed when a HNOC is encountered.

The introduction of HNOCs was controversial since it is unclear exactly what companies should be looking for when identifying HNOCs. The Hazcom 2012 guidance document only lists one example of an HNOC—“static accumulators.” The open-endedness of the criteria has been highly criticized, with the Coalition for Workplace Safety calling the category “open-ended, and therefore subject to entirely too broad and discretionary an interpretation, making it unworkable.” OSHA watcher Marc Freedman has also been highly critical of the concept of HNOCs:

“Producers of covered chemicals and users of these chemicals will now have to divine what other hazards OSHA will expect them to cover in their safety data sheets and training that are beyond the specific and objectively identified hazards already included in the regulation. This uncertainty means they will never know when they have satisfied the requirements of this regulation. This new requirement contradicts the precise hazard categories and specific criteria defining these categories around which the regulation is
structured.”

In Nexreg’s view, this criticism is valid. Companies will now not only be required to follow what is in the Hazcom 2012 rules, but also determine all possible HNOCs and ensure that their products do not meet any common sense definition of those hazards. It is not sufficient to just describe possible hazards within the SDS, an SDS author needs to ensure that those hazards are described and listed in Section Two of the SDS.

At Nexreg, we are taking the following steps to deal with the issue of HNOCs, and are advising our clients and colleagues to do the same:

1. Once a year, survey SDSs from a variety of industries to see what hazards have been commonly accepted by industry as being suitable HNOCs.

2. For each of those HNOCs, develop a set of rules to determine whether the product meets a reasonable definition of that HNOC.

3. For each product authored, classify the product on both explicit hazard classes from Hazcom 2012 as well as our compiled list of HNOCs.

We believe that failure to take these steps could lead to increased liability for firms. It is easy to envision a scenario where a company is taken to court by a user for failure to warn about a potential HNOC when other similar chemical products contained such a warning. This is why we believe it is important to ensure that your company’s list of HNOCs are in-line with industry standards. Part 2 appeared in the July 2012 issue of ST&M.

The Consumer Specialty Products Association’s (CSPA) 2012 Mid-Year Meeting was held May 8-11 in Chicago, IL. The theme was Sustainability: Driving Future Consumers, Future Markets. The 99th CSPA Annual Meeting will take place Dec. 2-6 in Fort Lauderdale,
FL.

At the General Session, CSPA Board Chairwoman Lisa Alexander noted that sustainability now drives all markets and impacts us all. She observed that 1/3 of companies in the U.S. have experienced an increase in profits through sustainability, and proudly noted that two CSPA members ranked in Green Chemistry’s Top 100.

For the consumer, there are now phone apps to help users access information on a company’s social causes, sustainability success, usage of slave labor and recycling eligibility, Alexander explained.

CSPA President Chris Cathcart emphasized that the CSPA is a leader in public policy. Industry is embracing sustainability as well as ingredient disclosure. If an obscure NY State law is enacted, it could have a major impact on ingredient disclosure, both in New York and throughout the U.S. The CSPA intends to make that sure that any state law is in the best interest of both business and consumers. The redesigned CSPA website will help keep its 230 member companies better informed about the issues facing the industry.

While not much will be done between now and the end of the year regarding TSCA reform, CSPA’s name is out there as a leader on this issue, Cathcart said.

General Session Keynote Speaker was Paul DePodesta, Executive Director of Player Development for major league baseball team the New York Mets. He was a key figure in the 2011 film “Moneyball,” based on the bestselling book of the same name.

While working for the Oakland As, DePodesta developed a new set of metrics that gave a better indication of credit and blame in different game scenarios. The team couldn’t afford to hire players who could “do it all,” but instead focused on players who each had at least one particular above-average skill. As a result of this process, the team consistently made the playoffs, despite having one of the lowest payrolls in baseball. Currently, most Major League baseball teams now utilize similar assessment tools.

DePodesta equated Major League baseball to the pharmaceutical industry in that both spend a lot of money on projects that are more likely to fail than succeed. Therefore, zeroing in on the winners becomes critical to a team’s and a company’s long-term success.

Aerosol Division Meeting
At the Aerosol Division Meeting, Bill Frauenheim, VPOperations, Diversified CPC International, Inc. and Chairman of the CSPA APD Executive Board presented State of the Aerosol Products Division (APD).

Regarding the BOV net contents declaration regulatory issue, several BOV fillers approached the National Conference on Weights & Measures (NCWM) to allow BOV products to be labeled as net volume as opposed to net weight (as required for aerosol products). Many of these BOV products (such as suntan lotions) compete with non-pressurized package forms that are labeled as net volume.

Another issue being discussed is whether these BOV products are properly classified as aerosol products or something else entirely. Frauenheim acknowledged and welcomed several guests of non-CSPA member BOV companies attending the meeting, adding the CSPA looks forward to working with them to gain a consensus on BOV issues before further approaching regulatory authorities.

The three most important issues being addressed by CSPA general committees that APD is monitoring very closely are: air quality regulations, green chemistry regulations and ingredient communication. In addition, they are monitoring the efforts of the PARG and the Plastic Containers Subcommittee on their efforts to introduce products packaged in plastic aerosol containers into the U.S. market. Ingredient Communication is a voluntary program for air care, cleaning, auto and polishes and floor maintenance, including aerosol products. Ingredients present at a concentration of greater than 1% will be listed in descending order by predominance.

Ingredients present at a concentration of not more than 1% will be listed but may be disclosed without respect to order of predominance.

CSPA has created a Consumer Product Ingredient Dictionary to assist members performing Ingredient Communication and just released the third update to the First Edition, with the Second Edition coming soon. There are now over 350 ingredient monographs with the Second Edition possibly approaching 500. This is an important technical reference even for those not involved in Ingredient Communication.

CSPA expects to see another California proposal, probably this year, concerning Ingredient Communication. Federal legislation was introduced again late last year by Congressman Israel, but it is not supportable, and CSPA expects Senator Franken to introduce a bill soon. CSPA has been meeting with both House and Senate to see if they are willing to introduce legislation that it would not be forced to oppose. New York State has been seeking to implement its existing ingredient disclosure regulation this year based on existing law.

Steel Yourself
Greg Crawford, Executive Director of the Steel Recycling Institute, presented Boost Aerosol Recycling with the Steel Recycling Logo!

Recycling steel saves money and conserves resources such as coal, iron ore, limestone and, of course, steel. It saves landfill space as steel has a perpetual scrap value. Steel recycling benefits from magnetic separation, minor contaminate forgiveness and no memory of past lives.

The CSPA selected Yuning Zhang from Guilford, CT, as the 24th recipient of the Murray Glauberman Memorial Scholarship Award. A graduating senior from Guilford High School and salutatorian of his class, Zhang serves as co-chair of the steering committee for the Developmental Assets for Youth, a coalition dedicated to reducing drug abuse and bullying in Guilford. His efforts helped to secure a $625,000 federal grant.

Additionally, Zhang is the captain of the State Champion fencing team, founder and president of the GHS Action Against Hunger Club, captain of the math team and president of the Interact Club. He also has pursued independent scientific research, which has earned him selection as a Siemens Competition Semifinalist and Intel Science Talent Search Semifinalist. Furthermore, he is a co-author of three scientific papers submitted for publication. This fall, he will attend Harvard University to pursue a degree in biology or economics.

Since the scholarship program began in 1988, CSPA has awarded a total of $192,000 to be used toward the pursuit of a college degree.

Steel container recycling rates were 67.1% in 2010, compared to only 15% in 1988. Over 102 million U.S. residents are now able to recycle empty steel aerosol cans, as 75 of the top 100 curbside programs include them.

Crawford encouraged all product manufacturers to put the steel recycling logo on cans; it has the words “Please Recycle When Empty” as well as the word “STEEL” surrounded by chasing arrows. The logo encourages and instructs consumers how to recycle. It also encourages them to call their community’s recycling program leaders and ask them to add aerosol cans to the accepted mix.

A holistic approach William Archer, Ma ager–Global Sustainability at SC Johnson (SCJ) presented Sustainable (Aerosol) Product Development. He defined sustainability as “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” He indicated that SCJ has a strong commitment to corporate responsibility and a legacy of environmental
leadership.

Our planet is experiencing a rapid population growth, with nine billion people expected by the year 2050; we will need the resources of 2.5 more planets to sustain that expected growth, said Archer. The global middle class is expected to triple by 2030 and by 2050, the GDP’s of Mexico, Brazil, Russia and Indonesia are all projected to have outgrown that of the UK. Natural resource consumption is expected to rise to 170% of the Earth’s capacity by 2040.

There are two approaches to sustainable product development. The first is to develop and market a Green product; the second is a holistic approach to Greening the whole company. This includes product packaging, scientific research, product formula selection, supply chain component /sourcing, Green brands, manufacturing facilities and operations (e.g. power for facilities).

Manufacturing processes can be altered to reduce energy consumption, water use and emissions as well as minimize waste. Shipping can be moderated to optimize case and pallet packing patterns, reduce shipping distances and be more energy efficient.

Product packaging can include material selection and the use and promotion of recycled and renewable materials. Reducing packaging is the best way to improve the environmental footprint of packaging and it can also save costs. To this point, SCJ performed a case study of cleaning product concentrates for trigger sprayers. They use less packaging and decrease shipping impacts because they have less weight and volume. They reduce waste ending up in landfills and are overall better for the environment than regular, one-time use trigger cleaning products, said Archer. However, SCJ found that U.S. consumers prefer not to refill their household cleaning bottles, and, as a result, stores won’t stock concentrates and companies hesitate to create them.

Manufacturers and consumers need to increase understanding, and while aerosols are certainly a sustainable option, there is much room for innovation. Consumers like the idea of helping the environment but it needs to be simple and cost effective. Archer concluded that SCJ will continue to investigate and innovate to deliver against the consumer’s wishes in more sustainable ways, and challenged the audience to do the same.

As a total polymer package for personal care formulators, the Sustainable Solutions for Styling portfolio from AkzoNobel contains an essential mix of polymers necessary for effective hair styling products. Designed especially for application in hair styling products, BIOSTYLE CGP fixative polymer enables formulators to create more natural, crystal-clear gels. AMAZE XT styling polymer is an easyto- use, 100% natural, multi-functional fixative and thickening/suspending agent derived from dehydroxanthan gum. Naturally derived STRUCTURE STYLE polymer is a non-GMO starch-based, film former and rheology modifier that provides both thickening and long-lasting hold with the potential for significant formulation cost savings.

Ashland Specialty Ingredients highlighted Advantage and DrewPlus foam control agents; Dextrol and Strodex specialty surfactants, Nuosept in-can preservatives and Fungitrol dry-film fungicides.

Luvigel FIT methacrylate copolymer from BASF is a liquid thickener for clear and smooth hair-styling gels. Based on hydrophobic alkali swellable emulsion (HASE) technology, it works synergistically with various styling polymers so high setting performance can be easily achieved.

Plantasil Relaxcare, for the ethnic hair care market, is based on a new technology that strengthens and reduces damage to hair during treatment without compromising the straightening efficacy.

BASF’s Actiwhite is a synergistic complex of sucrose dilaurate and pea extract which offers the decisive advantage to combine rapidly visible in vivo effectiveness on both skin lightening and reduction of age spots, also in compliance with Asian regulatory  requirements and high-cutaneous tolerance. In addition to skin lightening, it has the capability to visibly reduce the contrast between the skin tone and the hyperpigmented age spot area in just 14 days.

Solaveil ABC from Croda combines advanced UVA and UVB protection, making broad-spectrum protection easy. Solaveil AT-3000 is a new, globally-approved titanium dioxide dispersion that enables formulators to meet the new FDA guidelines, including the 370nm critical wavelength, using a single ingredient. It is suitable for all sun care applications, but is particularly suited for sensitive skin and baby formulas and is less whitening on skin than
other TiO2 dispersions.

Crodafos CES emulsifier enables formulators to create water resistant sunscreens. The material maintains 85% of the static SPF value after 80 minutes of immersion time in water. Crodafos CES complies with the new FDA guidelines and can claim SPF 40 Broad Spectrum and Very Water Resistant (80 minutes).

Dow Personal Care featured Epitex 66 Polymer, a water resistant polymer for sun care applications.

Extracts & Ingredients Ltd. featured Apalight, an inorganic SPF booster composed of the mineral hydroxyapetite. Compared to TiO2, Apalight increases SPF without leaving a white residue. It’s also effective in all inorganic systems.

HallStar launched Polycrylene S1, which enables formulators to combine active ingredients once considered too photo-unstable, such as vitamin A and its derivatives, to be effective.

Eurol BT is an active ingredient for cosmetic and cosmeceutical applications that is a 100% natural aqueous extract derived from Olea Europaea (Olive) tree leaves. Eurol BT has free radical scavenging action and is also available in 100% organic variant.

Sensolene Care DD (Lauryl olivate) is a functional ingredient with protective effect and good spreading properties. The Ecocert-validated material has unique sensorial features due its low melting point, which is near skin temperature.

Kobo unveiled the new SunBoost ATB, a proprietary ratio of antioxidants, anti-irritant and anti-inflammatory agents. SunBoost ATB, when used in sunscreens, can boost SPF scores by more than 30%, while delivering multiple antioxidant benefits such as anti-aging, hydration, rejuvenation, and anti-irritation. Kobo has combined SunBoost ATB with a transparent TiO2 dispersion, TNP50T7, to provide a more powerful inorganic UV filter
dispersion. Kobo’s TNP50T7-ATB can provide up to 4.5 SPF units for each percent of TiO2 in sunscreen formulas while delivering all the benefits of the antioxidants contained in SunBoost ATB.

DermCom, the latest ingredient from Mibelle Biochemistry, reaches fibroblasts via intercellular communication and rejuvenates the skin matrix deep in the dermis by
stimulating the communication between epidermal and dermal skin cells by triggering keratinocytes to secrete growth factors. These growth factors enhance the synthesis
and production of collagen and elastin in the dermis.

Natural Sourcing unveiled Organic Prickly Pear Seed Oil, a light, quick absorbing, stable and highly versatile oil. The high tocopherol content makes it a potent antioxidant.
It improves skin elasticity and is an effective addition to anti-aging formulations. It acts as a powerful skin moisturizer and can also be used to moisturize dry and damaged hair and to restore the health of nails and cuticles. The product has a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids and a significant content of Omega 6 essential fatty acids.

Sharon Laboratories, in cooperation with the Biosecur Lab, developed a range of broad spectrum products based on Biosecur unique organic citrus extracts. The new family of products, named Sharon Biomix Blends, is designated for the preservation of personal care products without compromising on the performance. The transparent liquid blends are suitable for leave-on and rinse-off products, soluble in water and commonly used solvents,
may tolerate elevated temperatures and effective in a wide pH range.

KF-6004 from Shin-Etsu Silicones of America is a white, odorless, water-soluble, silicone wax. It is a hydrolytically stable, polyether modified silicone. The product is designed to enhance performance benefits for various cosmetic formulations including hair care, skin care, color cosmetics and personal cleansers. Key features include ease of formulation in aqueous systems; essentially odorless; hydrolytically stable and humectancy. In finished
products, KF-6004 acts as a foam booster, texturizer and stabilizer; detackifier and moisturizer. Applications include skin creams and lotions; sun care products; hair
leave-on conditioners, hair frizz-control serums and creams; facial cleansers and hand sanitizers.

Sonneborn, Inc. launched SonneNatural 200 Series, a line of 100% vegetable-based emollients for the personal care and cosmetic industry. The three distinctive blends:
SonneNatural H-203, S-205 and J-207 offer a range of slip, gloss and cushion to fit most formulation requirements, while providing exceptional TEWL performance.

TRI-K introduced TRIglyphix Sense, used to reduce the appearance of redness and folliculitis. The material enhances anti-inflammatory mechanisms while improving
the activity of genes involved in barrier function, stress response and repair mechanisms. This natural material (Proposed INCI: Hordeum vulgare seed isolate) was shown to increase collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid synthesis while reducing the expression of MMP-1.

When is an anhydrous formula really anhydrous?
There is probably some water contamination in almost every anhydrous formula. Consequently, there is probably no such thing as a completely anhydrous formula.

What are some of the sources of water contamination in anhydrous formulas?
Water is more soluble in some propellants than others, and thus some types of propellants are a potential source of contaminant water in anhydrous formulas. For example, water is approximately 24-times more soluble in HFC 152a than in the LPG propellants, such as butanes and pentanes; and water is approximately 980-times more soluble in DME than in the butane and pentane LPG propellants.

Some raw materials could also provide contaminant water in an anhydrous formula. For example, water is soluble in both acetone and ethanol. The anhydrous versions of acetone and ethanol could absorb atmospheric water during humidity days, inadvertently introducing contaminant water into the anhydrous formula. Manufacturing equipment used to produce multiple types of

products could also be a source of contaminant water. This is particularly true when an aqueous product is manufactured prior to manufacturing an anhydrous product. Residual amounts of water left in tank bottoms, pumps, transfer pipelines, filling equipment
and storage tanks could provide water contamination in an anhydrous formula.

How much contaminant water is too much water?
There is no set concentration for all anhydrous formulas. The amount of water must be large enough to be liquid water. In addition, the water must be free-water and not bound-up as hydration water. In addition, the chemical composition of your formula determines if the free-water is or is not corrosive and what amount of free-water is needed to transform a non-corrosive formula into a corrosive formula.

How do you prevent and control water contamination?
I recommend measuring the contaminant water in the test samples from your storage test or electrochemical corrosion test during the product development and package stability testing stages. The measured water concentration in the test containers or test cells would subsequently be used as the maximum specification concentration for contaminant water in your formula.

I don’t recommend using theoretical water concentrations based on contaminant water in raw materials and/or water-of-hydration for raw materials. Hydration water can be very misleading and provide a contaminant water concentration that is significantly higher than the actual concentration, above which corrosion occurs.

In other words, corrosion testing is the most precise way to determine if there is a critical concentration of contaminant water that transforms a non-corrosive anhydrous formula into a corrosive anhydrous formula and what is the critical concentration of the contaminant water. Consequently, I recommend including corrosion studies on samples that have been spiked with water at a variety of concentrations as part of the development process for new anhydrous products and line extensions of existing anhydrous products.

Such a study helps to determine what the actual specification should be for contaminant water. The corrosion test could be either a long term storage stability test or the appropriate type of electrochemical corrosion test.

During commercial production of anhydrous formulas, the contaminant water concentration should be measured prior to packaging. The Karl Fisher titration is one method measuring water concentration in anhydrous formulas.

Manufacturing equipment, pumps, filling equipment, transfer pipelines and storage tanks should flushed with a suitable drying solvent, such as acetone or ethanol, and thoroughly dried prior to manufacturing an anhydrous formula after the equipment was used
to manufacture an aqueous one.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com or visit www.pairodocspro.com for more information. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in September. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from Spray Technology & Marketing.

Hosted in 28 countries, Product of the Year is one of the world’s largest consumervoted programs that recognizes innovation in consumer packaged goods. This is the fourth year Product of the Year was conducted in the U.S., with over 60,000 American shoppers voting on products. Winning products were announced at a ceremony held in New York City and shoppers nationwide will be able to recognize the winners by looking for the red “Product of the Year” stamp on packaging, advertising and in-store displays.

“Now more than ever, brands are focusing on implementing innovative solutions and creative strategies to stand out on shelves in a crowded consumer marketplace,” said Colleen Kelly, Managing Director, Product of the Year USA.

“Shoppers are more likely to buy a product that is recommended to them by their peers. Now in our fourth year in the U.S. and our 25th year worldwide, Product of the Year recognizes and honors groundbreaking products with an awards seal that is backed by real shoppers throughout the U.S,” Kelly explained.

According to the 2012 Product of the Year US Shoppers Survey conducted by research agency TNS, young consumers (under 35) are 33% more likely to try a product if it has won some kind of award. Additionally, younger consumers have more of a desire for new products.
“Innovation is the lifeblood for CPG companies,” said Phil Lempert, The Supermarket Guru. “As shoppers spend more time comparing product features and prices, the path to success and their shopping cart is a combination of differentiation and delivering on consumer value.”

The Jan. 19, 2011 final rule, HM-215K, published by the U.S. Dept. of Transportation’s Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) is, perhaps, one of the most significant rulemakings since its landmark rulings, HM-181 (adopts the international standards for hazardous materials transportation) and HM-126F (requires hazardous materials training).

The final rule, which went largely unnoticed by the regulated public until this year, includes sweeping changes in the requirements for the transport of limited and excepted quantities of hazardous materials (also referred to as “dangerous goods.”) Most significantly, PHMSA signaled its intent to eliminate the Consumer Commodity ORM-D classification and adopt the international markings and documentation requirements for limited and excepted quantities.

PHMSA’s intent in this final rule was to eliminate confusion by shippers as to when and where the ORM-D classification and marking could be used. Prior to 1990, the U.S. Dept. of Transportation (DOT) had five different ORM (other regulated material) classifications: ORM-A, ORM-B, ORM-C, ORM-D and ORM-E. When HM-181 became effective, four of the five ORM classifications were eliminated; the only one that survived the cut was ORM-D, which was assigned a proper shipping name of either Consumer Commodities or Cartridges, Small Arms. Consumer Commodities were smaller quantities of hazardous  materials intended for personal care or household use, and the Cartridges, Small Arms shipping description applied to rifle and pistol ammunition.

Over the past 20 years or so, there have been several attempts to eliminate the ORM-D classification, but each proposal ended in defeat and the ORM-D classification marched on…until HM-215K that is. This “new” final rule will align the U.S. with the rest of the world and phase out the Consumer Commodity proper shipping name and ORM-D classification.

The final rule includes two very important deadlines that must be complied with. The first is Jan. 1, 2013, at which time the ORM-D-AIR marking becomes obsolete and is replaced by the new limited quantity “Y” marking for air transport. The second deadline is Jan. 1, 2014, when the Consumer Commodity and ORM-D classification is eliminated for all other modes of transport. HM215K will phase out Consumer Commodities.

Compliance with these new requirements was authorized on Jan. 1, 2011. However, compliance with the new limited quantity markings was required for air and ocean transport on Jan. 1, 2012.

How Does the Rule Affect You?
If you are a manufacturer or distributor of aerosols, cosmetics, paint stores, after-market auto care products, cleaning supplies or other limited quantities of dangerous goods that are offered, intended or suitable for retail distribution, you will be affected by this rule.

Marking & Labeling
The new limited quantity marking consists of a diamond (square-on-point) with a black border and “black points” in the top and bottom quadrants of the diamond (see illustration at right). While the limited quantity marking shown in the various regulatory references and those which are available from commercial suppliers are black on a white background, DOT did further clarify that the marking need only be black on a contrasting background.

In other words, a black designation printed on Kraft is acceptable provided there is adequate contrast. Black on a dark-colored box (e.g., blue, purple) would not be acceptable, for example.

The marking and labeling requirements will differ depending upon mode of transport.

Air Transport
For air shipments of limited quantities and those currently classified as ORM-D and tendered to small package air carriers, such as UPS Air, the ORM-D-AIR marking must be replaced with the required hazard warning label and the new limited quantity “Y” marking (as shown below).

While it is not difficult to comply with these new requirements, many shippers will find that their shipments will become “frustrated” and ultimately rejected by the airline because the marks and labels are not applied properly, the box is too small to fit the required marks and labels and the dangerous goods declarations are not properly prepared. Adding insult to injury, many shippers may see a spike in the hazardous materials surcharges because these shipments will require a hazard warning label, whereas ORM-D-AIR shipments did not require a hazard warning label under the old rules.

In order to accommodate the hazard warning label and new limited quantity “Y” marking, packages of “consumer commodities” must have minimum dimensions of at least 9″ square on one side. A minimum height and width of 9″ is necessary in order to allow the hazard warning labels (4″ on a side) and the limited quantity “Y” marking to be applied to the surface in a diamond configuration (see the schematic diagram below). Although DOT does permit a smaller (50mm x 50mm) limited quantity “Y” marking, there are no similar exceptions for a reduced hazard-warning label.

In addition, packages intended for transport by aircraft must have the corresponding proper shipping name e.g., AEROSOLS, FLAMMABLE or CONSUMER COMMODITY) and identification number (e.g., UN1950 or ID8000, respectively) applied next to the hazard warning label (e.g., flammable gas – class 2.1, miscellaneous – class 9, respectively).

Other Modes
The marking requirements for surface (road and rail) and ocean transport are a bit more palatable than by air, but might still have an impact on your package designs. Under the old rules, a Consumer Commodity ORM-D marking required a quarter-inch space around the ORMD designation, which was placed within a rectangle, and required the words “Consumer Commodity” to appear above the rectangle (see illustration below). Minimum box dimensions were 1″ high, whereas the minimum box height and width under the new rule is 3″ square. The increased minimum box dimensions will enable the shipper to apply the reduced size limited quantity marking in a diamond configuration on the side of the box (see illustration below). quantity “Y” marking (see illustration below) requires that the requirements for air transport are also met. It is important to note that use of the limited quantity “Y” marking only may cause confusion among small package dispatch services, such as FedEx and UPS, because they will think that you intend to ship the package by air and the required proper shipping name, identification and hazard warning labels are missing. This confusion will result in a “frustrated” shipment and may even earn you a “strike” under UPS’ two strikes policy.

Packaging
The final rule requires all limited quantities packaging to be capable of withstanding certain performance tests including a 1.2 meter (4′ high) drop test and a 3-meter (10′) stacking test. Additionally, packages of limited quantities intended or offered for transport by aircraft must be capable of passing the pressure differential test specified in Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, §173.27(c). While the rules state that packaging must be capable, the reader is strongly cautioned to either obtain a written test report or maintain documentation, which proves that the packaging is capable of passing the prescribed tests. This information will be particularly useful when a DOT or Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) enforcement agent visits your site and demands proof of  compliance.

Shipping Papers
The DOT did, however, carry over one of the benefits from the old Consumer Commodity ORM-D requirements the exception from shipping papers for road and rail transport. Under the newly aligned limited quantity provisions, packages of limited quantities do not require shipping papers for road and rail transport (including shipments to/from Canada).

The shipper may, however, tender a shipping paper with the consignment that declares the material in the new basic sequence, followed by the words “limited quantities,” or the letters “LTD QTY.” For example, a shipment of twelve 10oz. cans of hairspray may be documented on a Bill of Lading as:

UN1950, AEROSOLS, 2.1, LTD QTY

It is important to note that many road and rail carriers often charge a hazardous materials surcharge if a shipping paper is offered.

Air & Ocean Transport
Dangerous goods declarations are required for air and sea shipments and must describe the consignment in the sequence previously shown. Again, the words “limited quantity” or the letters “LTD QTY,” must follow the basic description. It is important that no other abbreviations for “limited quantity” are authorized. In addition to a Shipper’s Declaration of Dangerous Goods, air shipments must also have an Air Waybill, which includes the notation:

DANGEROUS GOODS AS PER ATTACHED DECLARATION

It is also important to note that air shipments of limited quantities intended for personal care or household use (Consumer Commodity) are assigned to Class 9 and assigned an identification number of ID8000 and a new Packing Instruction Y963. Additionally, the letters “LTD QTY” are no longer required to be shown in the Authorizations column of the Shipper’s Declaration of Dangerous Goods (candy-stripe form). An excerpt from a shipping paper tendered for air transport is shown below.

Other Considerations
While most of the focus in this article has been given to marking, packaging and  documentation, there are other important considerations that should be taken into account. These include segregation, marking of freight containers for ocean transport, driver requirements, stock rotation and the Globally Harmonized System of Classification
& Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).

Segregation
The limited quantity provisions will generally forgive the shipper from the required segregation; however, many ocean carriers still require limited quantity consignments to be segregated from incompatible materials within intermodal freight containers. For example, many hair care product manufacturers offer limited quantities of hair bleaching compounds and gels. Many of these bleaching compounds are classified as Class 5.1 oxidizers and hair gels and pomades are often classified as Class 3 flammable liquids. Fully regulated shipments of these products are not permitted to be packed within the same intermodal freight container.

Even though the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code (3.4.4) states that the “…segregation provisions of Chapter 7.2 are not applicable for packaging containing dangerous goods in limited quantities or in relation to other dangerous goods,” many conservative ocean carriers do not allow shipments to be carried under this exception as a matter of business policy. Therefore, the shipper is encouraged to review carriers’ limited quantity acceptance provisions before packing intermodal freight containers.

Marking of Freight Containers
Intermodal freight containers carrying dangerous goods only in limited quantities must be marked with the “enlarged” limited quantity markings on each of the four visible sides of the freight container.

The “enlarged” limited quantity marking is required on the freight container when all of the dangerous goods in the freight container are limited quantities, regardless of the volume it occupies within the freight container. For example, if a 20′ freight container has a capacity of 30 cubic meters, and it contains one cubic meter of dangerous goods in limited quantities and the balance is nonhazardous cargo, the “enlarged” limited quantity marking would be required on the exterior of the container. If however, a freight container contains any amount of a hazardous material requiring a hazard-warning label (e.g., a five-gallon pail of a flammable liquid), the “enlarged” limited quantity marking would not be applied, but would be replaced with the required placards for the cargo requiring a hazard warning label.

The “enlarged” limited quantity marking have dimensions of 250 mm x 250 mm (9.82″ square) and are often confused with hazard warning placards having similar dimensions. Consequently, many drayage companies are dispatching or charging higher premiums for “hazmat endorsed” drivers.

Driver Requirements
Any driver that transports fully regulated hazardous materials or limited quantities of dangerous goods, or both, is required to have, as a minimum, the four types of training specified in 49 CFR part 172, subpart H. These include: (a) General Awareness & Familiarization; (b) General Safety; (c) HM Security Awareness; and (d) Function- Specific training (e.g., loading/unloading, segregation, carriage).

A hazardous materials endorsement to the Commercial Drivers’ License is required for drivers that transport hazardous materials, which require a hazard-warning placard. An endorsement is not required for shipments of limited quantities, unless the carrier is also carrying a placardable quantity of other dangerous goods. Shippers are urged to review the provisions of 49 CFR 172.500(a) – Applicability.

This is important for shippers to take note of this as many carriers are dispatching endorsed drivers because they erroneously assume that the “enlarged” limited quantity marking is a “placard.” Consequently, many shippers are being charged with a surcharge for the specialized driver. In some cases, this may be as high as an extra three to four hundred dollars per cargo transport unit.

Stock Rotation
As the deadline for implementation of the new limited quantity markings approaches, it is important to consider rotating old pre-printed stocks of ORM-D material to avoid repackaging or labeling. After the implementation dates, deadlines, there will no exceptions from the marking requirements.

Shippers are urged to consider this carefully before ordering a year’s worth of inventory. For those shippers that offer limited quantities by air, you should lean your inventory as much as possible and consider transitioning to the new requirements well in advance of the Jan. 1, 2013 deadline.

Manufacturers and distributors of limited quantities should also consider working with packaging design firms and suppliers in advance of the implementation dates. It

is important to note that many packaging design and fabrication firms are not familiar with these new rules, so you may have to educate them accordingly before a considerable amount of time, money and resources are wasted.

GHS Implementation
The adoption of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) by the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) on March 20, 2012 requires all chemical substances, including limited quantities of hazardous materials, to be classified and marked with new pictograms, warnings, and hazard and precautionary statements.

Although the implementation date for GHS is not until July 1, 2015, the next 18 months may be a good time to take a hard look at your chemical labeling and packaging. There may be an opportunity to take advantage of economies of scale available if your point of sale packaging and transportation package is redesigned at the same time.

In Conclusion
Although limited quantities of hazardous materials will once and for all be harmonized throughout the world, the transition to these new rules may be slightly painful, confusing and costly. However, the costs to transition may be substantially reduced if you plan now.

Start by reviewing the requirements of HM215K or consulting experts in this field. A little planning and investment right now will help you through this transition and significantly ease the burden. Do not wait until it is too late.

School’s out for kids and they are (for the most part) enjoying their sublime reprieve from rules and restrictions, but for the rest of us, it seems as if the new rules and regulations never cease. They can seem overpowering and maddening, which can often make the average person feel powerless and overwhelmed.

To keep frustration at bay, ST&M has Doug Raymond on hand in every issue to keep us informed in his column Regulatory Issues. In addition, Dr. Mike Moffat’s column Global Regulatory Influences gives an international perspective to the complex spectrum of worldwide policies that affect our industry. This month, Moffat continues his in-depth explanations of the recent Globally Harmonized System (GHS) regulation, informally called Hazcom 2012. Raymond clues us in to the latest handed down from CARB,
SCAQMD, OTC and the EPA (unsure what these acronyms mean? Turn to p. 8).

Additionally this month, new kid on the block Steve Hunt, President of ShipMate and instructor at the U.S. Dept. of Transportation’s (DOT) Transportation Safety Institute, effectively explains DOT’s final rule, HM-215K, which includes sweeping changes in the requirements for the transport of limited and excepted quantities of hazardous materials.

Still confused? Still feeling besieged and inundated and fear you can’t comply by the necessary target dates? Don’t despair, Hunt, as well as our regular contributors, can all be contacted for more information or assistance, if needed. ST&M relies on the experts and so can you.
We hope you enjoy this issue…

Packaging is not only an integral element of product development for the home and garden
industry, but of brand management as a whole. As a product’s packaging and dispensing is often the most tangible representation of a brand that a consumer comes in contact with, they need to be as innovative as the company and the product themselves. Product usability and the customer experience are direct reflections of the brand at its core, and packaging plays a critical role.

In order to be quality brand ambassadors for our customers, a packaging company must spend a lot of time in the lab sketching, mapping, designing and engineering the most innovative dispensing packaging solutions that match brand requirements with customer needs. At MWV, we define innovation by our collaborative approach. We brainstorm, discuss, imagine, draw and re-draw ways to improve packaging by considering ergonomics, dispensing, aesthetics, functionality, storage and interactions with the formula. The list goes on and on, but no matter what the brainstorm topic, this process allows us to meet the goals of the brand. This is where the innovation happens. We believe the most critical part of a truly innovative creation process though, is interacting with our customers (the brand) and understanding our customer’s customers (the consumers).

Through our Center for Packaging Innovation (CPI) and Centers of Excellence, MWV works to understand the science of packaging and the consumer trends that affect it. Researchers, analysts, packaging designers, materials scientists and marketing  professionals from across the globe work together, both on-site and virtually, to bring new thinking to packaging. Additionally, we host an online Open Innovation forum where we  encourage others—including customers, influencers and other non-MWV employees—to submit their ideas, so that we are considering the widest range of possibilities to every challenge.

The value propositions for new designs are confirmed through regional consumer insights around the globe and are audited by our experts (internal and external) in human ergonomics, to guarantee maximum performance and an enhanced consumer experience.

The Concept: What’s needed, what’s possible, what’s feasible?
Many people are talking about innovation and how important it is, but what does it really mean? Each company certainly has its own way of talking about innovation. At MWV, when we begin the development of a new product, we have all kinds of differing  perspectives and expertise in the conversation focused on how to address a market need. We aim to give our customers not just a better solution, but an entirely new way to solve a problem. Conversations with consumers need to be ongoing. We leverage consumer insights not only at the end of our development process, but throughout—from our first meeting about a new concept, to the time we reach the final product—the goal is that the product has been shaped significantly by consumers themselves. Many times our best ideas are generated when we identify the unmet needs that our customers didn’t even realize existed, and build solutions to help meet those needs. For example, through consumer insights studies, we learned that for some market categories, consumer product use increases when they interface with a more comfortable dispensing device.

Collaborative Intelligence: Global and Local
Interactions across the supply chain and across regions are integral to innovation, and should be taken very seriously. For a newly developed aerosol dispenser for home and garden products, for example, we conducted several studies to gather feedback from the most important stakeholder in this whole process—the consumer. We collected opinions, suggestions and impressions from studies done in the U.S. and China that led to ergonomic
and aesthetic changes in design.

The tests we ran in China were particularly telling because this type of ergonomic trigger actuated aerosol sprayer is newer to the market. We wanted to understand consumer attitudes and habits towards the sprayer, and how they might adapt to it. The study focused on the reported consumer experience and their impression of the product, and it led to some critical changes in the design. For example, our original design included a raised rib on the front of the trigger. This feature was designed to help direct the user’s finger to the ideal point on the trigger for its optimal force to actuate. However, in our testing,
consumers confused its purpose and placed their finger directly on it, causing discomfort. This drove our team to reevaluate the design and remove the rib from the trigger.

Testing combines our product design with consumer feedback and insights, which enables our team to confirm and solidify the product’s role in consumers’ lives. By proactively assessing consumer behavior and sentiments, our team can better anticipate market opportunities and drive trends rather than follow them.

The End Result
When it comes to commercializing the end result of this entire process, we understand that our innovations work best when they are built with the input of many around the world who are using the products. Innovation is a remarkable force for the industry. It leads to breakthrough products for brand owners with added benefits, such as improved ergonomics and ease of use, to differentiate their brand. As brand owners innovate and evolve, so do we. A product’s packaging and dispensing system must help convey a brand’s image; after all, it’s a consumer’s first and, many times, most lasting impression of a brand.

The Board of Directors for the Aerosol Industry Association of Japan (AIAJ) met in April and announced production figures for 2011. According to AIAJ, the estimated number of units filled in 2011 (January to December) is 546,213,000, an increase of 27,242,000 units (5.2%) over 2010. Although the earthquake of March 2011 in northern Japan caused a lack in supply of raw materials, seasonal summer products such as Insecticides, Refrigerant Sprays, Air Conditioner Cleaners, Insect Repellent Sprays, etc. experienced strong sales. Insecticide production saw a 23.7% increase, while Room Fresheners experienced a 10.3% increase. Cleaners increased 5.6%, as did Other Hair Care Products (9.9%),  medicinal/Phar-Production jumps more than 5% in 2011… maceutical (3.7%) and Lubricants/Rust-Inhibitors (2.3%). Paints saw a 6.3% decrease, as did Hairspray (-2.8%), Shaving Foam (-9.3%) and Antiperspirants/Deodorants (-6.1%).

2011 Aerosol production breakdown
• Insecticides: 15.4%
• Paints: 7.3%
• Household Products: 14.5%
• Personal Products: 50.1%
• Industrial Products: 6.8%
• Automotive Products: 3.4%
• Others: 2.5%

Further breakdown of categories indicated the following
subcategory percentages:
• Hair Care: 18.7%
• Hairsprays: 11.0%
• Antiperspirants/Deodorants: 9.1%
• Room Fresheners: 7.2%
• Lubricants/Rust-inhibitors: 4.1%
• Cleaners 3.4%
• Shaving Foams: 2.6%
• Medicinal/Pharmaceutical: 2.3%.

Trends
Insecticide sales increased in 2011 because space insecticides, especially small, meter-dosed and content-rich formulations, grew sharply. The filling of small containers (less than 50cc) tripled (approximately 6,450,000 units were produced in 2011). Roach sprays decreased slightly, but other bug sprays had increased sales. Paint sales decreased due to a decline in demand for home use. In the Industrial Products category, Lubricants/ Rust Inhibitors recovered from a long-time decrease after the “Lehman shock” of 2008. However, Automotive’s Air-Conditioner Cleaners experienced strong sales.

There were many new launches of Room Fresheners in the Household Products category, while Air Conditioner Cleaner production and sales also increased. Sales of All Other Household Products increased as a result of “Clothing Refrigerant Sprays” (fabric coolers) becoming a hit, while Japan’s most popular Glass Cleaner brand was redesigned.

In the General Hair Care Products category, strong sales of hair dyes with dual-compartment hair coloring agents continued, while Japan’s most popular brand of Hair
Tonic Spray was redesigned. On the other hand, Hairspray sales decreased due to an overall slump in the styling agents’ market.

In the Other Personal Products category, Medicinal/Pharmaceutical sales increased due to a new athlete’s foot remedy. Insect Repellent and Sunscreen sprays also had strong sales. The Shaving Foam category decreased due to the increase of imported goods. Antiperspirants/Deodorants decreased because of competition from non-aerosols.

The AIAJ is a member of the newly-formed Asian Aerosol Federation (AAF). For more information, visit www.aerosol-asia.org

The Dept. of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) in California released their informal Draft Green Chemistry Regulation for a short preview on May 18 and asked for comments by May 29. The Draft Green Chemistry Regulation was released in June to begin the formal rulemaking process. This preview was to the Green Chemistry Alliance (GCA) and others to receive informal comments.

When the formal release is made of the Green Chemistry regulation, which is called the Safer Consumer Products regulation, industry will need to be very vigilante in reviewing and commenting on this regulation. Issues to review in the regulation are:
• Number of compounds on the list of Chemical of Concerns (COC). Currently, the list of COCs is in the thousands. This is far too many COC. We should narrow this list down to the most toxic COC first, and then perhaps add other chemicals to the list.
• DeMinimus level, or alternative analysis threshold, as DTSC calls it. This level is set at 0.01% for a COC. This level is very low for manufacturers and marketers to be able to monitor for unintentionally added compounds. This level needs to be moved to something more reasonable.
• Requirements for becoming a certified Alternative Assessment (AA) Assessor should be able to be done by in-house laboratory personnel. The best people to provide assessments on your company products are your own lab personnel. Thus we need to ensure that the requirements to become a certified assessor are not so strict as to prevent our own personnel from performing this function.
• Industry will need to closely review Confidential Business Information (CBI) that is required to be released. This is extremely important to all.
• One of the biggest concerns is what product and COC combination will be on the list. The
agency should release what product/COC combination they are considering. It is difficult to
comment on unknown factors.

These are just some of the issues with this proposed regulation. Every marketer and manufacturer that sells in California should review this regulation. Remember, it could be your product with a COC that is targeted by DTSC. Then you will need to perform an Alternative Assessment on your product.

Even more disturbing is that California is already running a legislative bill to be able to initiate a fee on manufacturers required to submit an alternative assessment. The regulation has not even been formally released and the state is already setting up a fee structure. This fact should be very unsettling to the manufacturing community

CARB
As stated last month, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has changed its priorities for this summer. The only issue CARB will be working on over the summer months is expanding the Type A areas for Windshield Washer Fluid. Starting in the late summer or early fall, CARB will once again begin work on the aerosol paints and aerosol adhesive categories. In addition, CARB will be reviewing the Paint Thinner and Multi-purpose Solvent categories. More importantly, the low vapor pressure (LVP) exemption will likely be discussed.

OTC
On May 24, 2012 the Ozone Transport Commission (OTC) met for their annual meeting. The OTC considered two Model Rules:
• Consumer Products Model Rule
• Degreasing Model Rule

The Consumer Products Model Rule netted the OTC 18-27 TPD of volatile organic compound (VOC) reductions with the inclusion of the Paint Thinner and Multi-purpose Solvent categories. The Degreasing Model Rule netted the OTC 81 tons per day of VOC reductions. No small container or use exemption was added.

OTC has changed the terminology from “adopt” to the model rules being “deemed complete.” The rules were voted on and passed unanimously by the committee. Now, each state will begin their own process to update their regulations to add new categories and limits. The anticipated effective date for the Consumer Product Rule is Jan. 1, 2014.

What could very nearly have been a public relations nightmare for Banana Boat in particular, and the aerosol industry in general, has really turned out to be more of a consciousness-raising incident. The common response by both media and the public (if one believes all those emoticon-laced comments with the interesting spelling at the bottom of online news stories) seems to be less about the perceived dangers of aerosol products and more “Come on, read the label!”

Dr. James Johnson, Medical Director of the Burn Center at Hillcrest Medical Center in Tulsa, OK told a local TV station that this might be a summer safety case of what “not to do” when near an open flame.

“I use these aerosol sunscreens, but I would not spray myself, then go by the grill or light my grill,” Dr. Johnson said.

In response to the incident, TV station KSPR out of Springfield, MO decided to perform its own test, under the guidance of a local fire department, to “see how flammable this sunscreen really is.” They bought three different aerosol brands, all which burst into flames when sprayed directly over a heat source. Assistant Fire Chief Whitney Weaver said it didn’t surprise him.

“Anything that is a constant spray is going to have…a propellant,” Weaver acknowledged, “but it’s not always flammable.”

Weaver sprayed a piece of wood, let it dry and tried to light it without success, explaining “The flammable vapor is gone and it should not catch fire.”

Debbie Mikkelson, Director of Nursing at Springfield’s Mercy Burn One Center, warned that, especially with everyday products, one can’t overlook the fine print. Both she and Weaver agreed that “this type of sunscreen is safe,” but  acknowledged it can be flammable and people often forget that fact: “You forget the warnings.”

So far, the victim says he doesn’t plan on suing Banana Boat, according to KSPR, but an online search of legal websites shows that a certain amount of legal advisers are very much recommending legal action.

Banana Boat has made a statement saying they are unaware of any other similar incidents.

“At Banana Boat, we take these matters very seriously and will begin a prompt investigation as we continue to strive to deliver products of the highest quality to our consumers,” it continued.

Will labeling of continuous sprays for 2013 warn that one shouldn’t go near an open flame immediately after application? My guess is Yes (with 2014 perhaps warning users not to spray at rabid dogs). We shall see. Will the burn victim sue? As we go to press, there is no definite answer to that. What does seem certain is that people who read of this unfortunate incident seem less likely to stop using aerosols and more likely to stop using aerosols near an open flame (like the label states). We hope you enjoy this issue, which features our annual Buyers Guide.

Custom fragrance development company Tru Fragrance announced the launch of Tru Blooms Chicago, a community initiative debuting in Chicago, IL. With a mission of sustainability, urban beautification and job creation through the planting of gardens specifically for the development of a fragrance, the initiative hopes to transform the city’s public green spaces into growing spaces for flowers whose notes will be captured in a limited edition women’s perfume. Tru Blooms Chicago is a joint effort between Tru Fragrance, Chicago Park District, the Chicago Botanic Garden, Growing Power, Growing Home and NeighborSpace. Pictured: The  groundbreaking of a half-acre garden in Grant Park. Roses, lavender and violets (the Illinois state flower) were planted in flowers beds here and throughout the city. Farmers employed through local nonprofits will cultivate the flowers throughout the growing season.
One-of-a-kind Tru Blooms Chicago First Harvest Limited Edition EDP will be available in limited quantities in three sizes (15ml, 50ml and 100ml). The fragrances will be offered at select Chicago-area retail locations and online at www.trubloomschicago.com beginning in October.

SC Johnson received a Wisconsin Business Friend of the Environment Award from the
Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce (WMC). SCJ was recognized in the Pollution Prevention category, in particular for its newest aerosol production line at its Waxdale manufacturing facility in Mount Pleasant, WI. The line uses compressed gas technology to manufacture Glade and Pledge aerosol products. In addition, the Waxdale facility has reduced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by approximately six million pounds in its first year of operation. This is the equivalent of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 1,600 passenger vehicles per year or the CO2 emissions from 915,000 gallons of gasoline consumed.

The Procter & Gamble Co. announced former U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Assistant Administrator Steve Owens as the newest member of its U.S. Sustainability Expert Advisory Panel (SEAP).

Diversified CPC International announced that Brock Manner has joined the company as a Regional Sales Manager. Manner has more than 22 years experience in the aerosol industry and is active in several industry trade associations. He will be based in Chicago, IL and will be responsible for sales in key markets.

Crown Holdings, Inc. announced that Christopher Homfray, President of Crown Europe, will step down due to personal reasons. He will remain as an Executive VP of the Company’s European Division, based in Baar, Switzerland, reporting to John Conway, Chairman and CEO. Gerard Gifford, President Crown Beverage Packaging North America, has been named as the new President of Crown Europe, effective June 1. Sara Stickler was appointed Manager, Educational Programs at the Alliance for Consumer Education (ACE), a division of the Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA).  Stickler recently completed her Master’s of Public Policy at University of Maryland, where she specialized in Social & Educational Policy. She previously taught second grade at Indian Hill Exempted Village School District in Cincinnati, OH. Stickler earned her B.S. in Early Childhood Education with a minor in Psychology at Xavier University.

Obituary
George B. Diamond passed away from prostate cancer on May 2 at the age of 91. He received his B.S. at McGill Univesity in Montreal, and in 1956 moved to New Jersey in 1956 to form and run a major aerosol contract filling firm. He was a pioneer and filler of the first compartmentalized aerosol products. Later, he founded DCC Containers, Inc., maker of a two-piece tinplate aerosol can. During the last several years he created prototypes of a one-piece, 45 mm and 202-diameter tinplate aerosol can, on a pilot line basis. He is survived by his wife, Mary.

The Lindal Group
announced the appointment of Moacir Camargo to the position of Managing Director of Lindal do Brazil, effective June 2012. Camargo, based in Sao Paolo, Brazil, worked most recently with Aptar’s Beauty + Home Division as Director General. He will report to Robert Brands, President and Phil Lever, Director, Global Sales for Lindal Group.

The American Cleaning Institute (ACI) has appointed Gail Tannenbaum as Manager, Meeting Services. She was previously with the Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America, Electronic Industries Alliance and the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives.

G. Douglas Bolen has been named Chief Information Officer of TricorBraun; he joined the firm as VP of Technology in 2009. Prior to joining the company, he was Director of Business Applications for Smurfit-Stone Container Corp.

Carla Pavone has been employed as Sales Manager at Toly’s new office in Sao Paolo, Brazil, having worked in the cosmetic packaging industry for more than 10 years.

Participating baseball teams will work with their local SADD (Students Against Destructive Decisions) Chapter to conduct awareness school assemblies and community appearances with mascots and players to educate fans about the dangers of inhalant abuse. The Inhalant Awareness message will be shared all summer through team websites and in-stadium announcements, and the program will culminate in an “Awareness Game” at each stadium. The Rock Cats’ Inhalant Abuse Prevention Night will take place on Tuesday, July 17 as the Rock Cats take on the New Hampshire Fisher Cats (Toronto-AL). The Rock Cats
will feature a poster giveaway for the first 1,200 kids that enter the ballpark.

The Lighthouse for the Blind-Saint Louis (LHB Industries) announced that its Power Green all-purpose cleaner/degreaser product earned a Bio-Based, Bio-Preferred certification from the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA). As a result, LHB Industries can now display the USDA’s Bio-Preferred program logo on its Power Green products, including 22-ounce trigger spray bottles, which will be sold under the Skilcraft brand and distributed through AbilityOne sales channels, a federal initiative to help people who are blind and disabled find employment.

LHB Industries is a non-profit entity that currently employs nearly 70 people who are legally blind. Employees manufacture, assemble, warehouse and sell products to government and business customers nationwide, including aerosol and liquid paints, aerosol and liquid cleaning products first aid kits, medical kits, catheters, ecofriendly
products and others.

Zetonna (ciclesonide, Sunovion), a nasal aerosol for the maintenance treatment of asthma, was approved in January to treat both ocular and nasal symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and nasal symptoms associated with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) in adults and adolescents aged >12 years, It is expected to be commercially available in the third quarter of 2012. The non-aqueous, dry nasal aerosol spray features an easy-to-read, built-in dose indicator, so patients can track when their prescriptions should be refilled.

Arminak & Associates, part of Rieke Packaging Systems, has entered into New Albany Business Park’s beauty and personal care campus in New Albany, OH. Businesses participating in this collaborative supply chain campus allow personal care and beauty products to be developed, manufactured, packaged and distributed from one campus. Approximately 50 jobs will be created when the new 50,000 square foot facility opens later this year.

BASF has launched a new brand website for its personal care business Care Creations and the “Inspired by life” communications concept. Also new is a Personal Care Press Center, giving journalists easy access to the BASF Personal Care-related information. The mobile-friendly web design automatically adjusts to different display sizes including personal computers, tablet PCs and smart phones. www.carecreations.basf.com.

Active Organics, Inc. announced the launch of its newly redesigned website. www.activeorganics.com contains new features, imagery and refreshed content about Active Organics, its people and products. The site is easier to navigate and more functional
for customers, including a page dedicated to the company’s innovation process. Information on every page can be shared through social media.

Additionally, Elizabeth Arden has acquired the global licenses and certain related assets for
the Justin Bieber and Nicki Minaj fragrance brands from Give Back Brands.
Berlin Packaging announced the acquisition of Lerman Container. The combined
company will have 2012 revenues exceeding $700 million, over 110 packaging consultants and more than 80 sales offices and warehouse locations across North America.

AkzoNobel Global Personal Care announced a strategic alliance with Corn Products
International/National Starch, positioning AkzoNobel as the global distributor of Corn Products’ line of functional, modified starches for hair care and skin care applications; the
multi-year agreement will allow both organizations the ability to grow their product portfolios.

International cosmetic packaging provider Quadpack has entered a strategic partnership with Italian company Premi, makers of customized plastic and glass primary packaging for the beauty industry. Under the terms of the agreement, Quadpack will support Premi’s
European expansion plans, while Premi will help extend Quadpack’s stronghold in Italy.

MWV announced its acquisition of AARDEX Group SA, supplier of electronic medication monitoring systems and applications.

Aerosols have been made in China since the late 1950s (and perhaps surprisingly, the first manufacturer was yours truly). At the end of the ’50s, the whole country was in the progress of the “Great Leap Forward” and some shipyards in Shanghai needed aerosol flaw detectors, lubricants and other important aerosol products not available on the market at that time. For this reason, shipyards decided to make those aerosols by themselves. Jiangnan Shipyard and the others established a company whose sole responsibility was to produce aerosol products, using equipment and valves they manufactured themselves.

Aerosol insecticides today comprise 30%-40% of China’s aerosol industry, and the first company to research this was pesticide supplier Shanghai United Chemical Co., who manufactured the first aerosol insecticide in China: Pin-Jing. Later, Zhongshan Shiqi Pesticide Factory produced another well-known aerosol insecticide: Miehailing.

These examples portray the predominant feeling of self-reliance that people in China had at this time. During this period, it was impossible for the Chinese to entrust aerosol filling to those outside the country, and these circumstances lasted almost 40 years.

However, in the middle of the 1990s, to speed up the elimination of CFCs from aerosols, the Multilateral Fund of the Montreal Protocol subsidized the establishment of two aerosol filling centers in China: one in Shanghai and the other in Tianjin. The two centers utilized Pamasol aerosol filling lines and related equipment. Due to a lack of contract filling knowledge, the two centers were closed due to lack of business. The center in Shanghai was transferred to a privately owned company and the equipment from Tianjin was sent to an aerosol company in Guangzhou.

As time went by, a huge change occurred; nowadays, there are many aerosol contract filling companies with all kinds of product ranges in China, in areas such as Guangdong in the south, Zhejiang and Shandong in the east and Hebei and Tianjin in the north. Their filling volume increases year by year, and currently accounts for approximately one-third of aerosol production for China.

What’s the reason of such huge change? First of all, there was an introduction of laws and regulations. As the “New Age” dawned, the government introduced a series of laws, regulations and standards to strengthen production safety and protect the environment. Those companies that produced and sold hazardous chemicals had to conduct safety and environmental assessments before setting up. For these reasons, the investment in establishing a qualified factory increased sharply, and many companies chose contract filling instead of filling aerosols themselves.

Second, the increase of transportation costs of dangerous goods convinced marketers and brand owners to process goods nearby their target markets to decrease costs. S.C.Johnson Ltd. has an aerosol production base in Shanghai, but still chooses contract filling in Foshan for its products sold in the southern market. Chepu in Shenzhen is a supplier of car accessories and car care products, and now fills its products for the northern market in Shandong, which saves transportation costs on nearly 2,000kms (1,243 miles).

The number of foreign marketers that manufacture aerosols in China and then either sell locally or back to their own countries has increased over the years. They come from Japan, the U.S., Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Europe, and their products include all kinds of aerosols.

Aerosol contract filling ventures have the following characteristics:

• Most settle by a nearby logistics hub or port for convenient transport of products to
target markets.
• Most settle by a nearby can factory and propellant supplier to save transportation costs;
some manufacture aerosol cans in-house, such as Laya, AESTAR and Meiduo.
• The cost of producing decreases from south to north while R&D capabilities increase from north to south.
• Some enterprises, such as Rainbow, Botny and Ludao, produce their own brand while contract filling for others.

In 2011, there were 12 enterprises whose contract filling volume was over 10 million cans:
• 50+ million cans Botny, Ludao
• 40+ million cans Laya, Meiduo
• 30+ million cans Sea(Shenzhen), Rainbow
• 20+ million cans LokKo
• 10+ million cans Aestar, Shanghai DAIZO, JinHui Feng, Tentop, SCAL

Botny in Guangzhou is the biggest aerosol enterprise in China and fills about 120 million cans a year; about 50% of products are its own brand and the rest is contract filling. Its main products are paint, automotive care aerosols and industrial supplies. This year, it has expanded into the field of household and personal care aerosols.

Ludao in Zhejiang is located in Sanmen, Taizhou, about 170kms away from Ningbo Port. It is currently the second largest aerosol manufacturer in China and its main products are air fresheners and other household aerosols. This year, it’s expanding into the field of personal items and cleaning agents, and has developed a post-foaming shower gel and nano silver household cleaner. It partners with a nearby tinplate aerosol can company.

Laya in Foshan has two departments: can manufacture and aerosol filling, and produces 100 million tinplate aerosol cans a year and contract fills nearly 50 million cans. Its main product is household and car care aerosols, as well as recreational aerosols like party string.

Meiduo in Shandong also has two departments: can and aerosol. It custom fills about 50 million cans and produces nearly 130 million tinplate aerosol cans. Its main products are automotive, household and industrial aerosols. It’s located about 5kms away from the nearby Rizhao Port, Lianyungang Port, a DME production plant and LPG suppliers.

Sea in Shenzhen is one of the earliest aerosol enterprises in China and has nearly 30 years of aerosol manufacturing and R&D experience. It produces almost 40 million cans a year and its main products are personal care, household care and aerosol paint.

Aestar in Zhongshan is another one of the earliest aerosol enterprises in China. Besides aerosol, it produces tinplate cans, DME and pyrethroids and its main products are aerosol insecticide and household care. It has its own R&D center.

DAIZO in Shanghai is a member of the One Asia network and custom fills personal care and household aerosol and liquid preparations, backed by its strong R&D team. It supplies high quality personal care products to China and Japan; as a result, orders from various multinationals are growing year by year.

Lok Ko Party Fine Co. Ltd in Zhongshan mainly fills novelty aerosol products such as party string, air horns and Christmas snow. It was successful in developing a series of creative new patented party aerosols in China that meet the European Community standard, are nonflammable, non-toxic, zero ODP and low GWP(<150). Its contract filling volume was almost 30 million last year.

JinHuiFeng in Shenzhen manufactures recreational items such as party string, artificial snow and air horns. Its annual production is experiencing increased stability, although it has been continuously impacted by laws and regulations.

Tentop in Zhongshan is a rookie in the field of aerosols in China and specializes in personal care items and household aerosols. It has gained prominence after only three years and has received European and Pathogeny GWPC certification.

Shanghai CAL is a specialty manufacturer of high quality personal and household aerosols and liquid for brand owners. It also supplies pure propane, iso-butane and n-butane.

The aerosol contract filling business started later in China than in the rest of the world. It developed very slowly at the beginning, but urged on by social demands, quickly developed. As the Chinese economy developed, people’s purchasing power strengthened. Consumers had, to a limited degree, experienced the convenient advantages of aerosols and now are choosing aerosol products when they can afford them.

With the uptake in international relocation lately, the number of foreigners such as Europeans, Americans and Japanese—who stay in China for long periods of time and who use aerosols as a habit—has increased. Nowadays, there are millions of foreign people living in China and the number is growing each year. Foreign tourists also increase annually—a huge consumer group that has been targeted by famous brands formed by multinational corporations (who realize it’s in their best interest to fill their aerosols in China).

After much research and practice, aerosol contract fillers in China have improved  management and equipment, as well as R&D, quality control and manufacture practices in order to provide for the demands of brands at home and abroad. Raw materials and packaging, such as aerosol cans, valves, propellants and solvents are provided with reliable quality and a favorable price. China optimistically predicts that the business of aerosol contract filling is going to enter a boom period of development and continue to promote beautification, efficiency and improved health.

Teens & Tweens More Engaged in Beauty Products In 2009, there was evidence
that the youth beauty consumer was becoming less engaged in the beauty category overall.
Results showed declines from 2007 to 2009 in the percentage of young consumers regularly using beauty products. However, according to the third installment of Insight into the Youth Beauty Market report by market research company The NPD Group, Inc., NPD is seeing some signs of improvement among both female tweens (8-12) and teens (13-17). Tweens estimated spending an average of $9.80 on beauty products per month, up $.60 from 2009. Likewise, teens report spending an average of $13.60 on beauty products per month, up from an average of $12.10 in 2009.

“Far from the fickle and fiscally carefree image most adults associate with tweens and teens, youth consumers continue to be price conscious and savvy shoppers like their
older counterparts. They continue to look for discount offers, and display less willingness to pay full price for beauty products,” said Karen Grant, VP & Senior Global Industry Analyst, The NPD Group.

“The overwhelming majority of girls 8-12 years old tell us that they look to their parents and siblings to see what beauty products they are using and that helps them decide what
to buy and use. In some sense love for beauty products and brands can be thought of as
family heirlooms, passed on from generation to generation,” concluded Grant.

Consumer Believe Products are Over-Packaged
When asked about packaging, three-quarters of U.S. consumers believed many consumer products are over packaged and about one quarter will look elsewhere, according to NMI’s annual U.S. LOHAS Consumer Trends Study. Minimal packaging is most preferred among
consumers, followed by recyclable packaging and use of packaging materials that are
environmentally-friendly.

According to NMI Managing Partner Steve French, “The ‘less is more’ trend continues
to resonate with consumers. Marketers can maintain current and attract new consumers
by using less packaging and ‘greener’ packaging materials. Specifically, ‘renewable’ and
‘plant-based’ materials are rated most environmentally-friendly among consumers.”

NMI recommends that businesses promote the use of post-consumer recycled packaging as well as incorporate new environmental materials where applicable. However, companies should be careful not to use environmentally-friendly packaging at the expense of the product or its experience. In the end, environmentally-friendly packaging can help consumers feel better about their choice—without sacrifice, said NMI.

Beauty Sales through Alternate Channels up 21%
Sales of cosmetics and toiletries through alternate channels have exploded, growing by nearly $1 billion since 2005, according to the latest Beauty Retailing USA 2010 report by research firm Kline & Co. More double-digit growth is expected as consumers are increasingly drawn to the convenience of at-home shopping to meet their beauty needs.

Posting 25.4% growth from 2005 to 2010, e-commerce sales are leading the way, followed by home shopping networks posting 20% growth. Similarly, infomercials and the multimedia celebrity-endorsement approach to marketing have seen sales grow over 17%.

“Consumers are spending more time at home, either by virtue of unemployment, telecommuting or merely a desire to save money by not going out so much,” observed
Karen Doskow, Consumer Products Industry Manager at Kline. “Instead of running out
to the store to buy their beauty products, they’re watching home shopping channels and
infomercials to get the latest.”

Consequently, brand marketers are exploring new tactics to build online buzz. Daily deal sites are fueling e-commerce sales by creating awareness and enticing interest about new products or services by offering one-time discounts.

Doskow also noted that bricks-and-mortar sales are far from lagging.

“Beauty has become the new revenue sweetheart in the traditionally slow-growing drug store channel, as pharmacies reinvigorate their beauty offerings to lure customers with
a more upscale, specialty-store look.”

Furthermore, Kline’s study reveals that as brands increasingly look to leverage mobile and e-commerce to create seamless and ubiquitous purchase options for their customers, single-channel marketing is being rendered less and less viable.

“We expect a great deal of cross-channel promotion that will drive solid growth over the next five years,” predicted Doskow. “The Internet and mobile technologies are empowering consumers to be even more aggressive in their product and price comparisons
and driving marketers to deliver value-based products to meet these demands.”

Sustainable Packaging Development Gathers Pace
Continued and increasing awareness of and concern for sustainability and packaging’s
impact on the environment have encouraged a number of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) multinationals to further their development of sustainable packaging solutions, according to Euromonitor International. The issue of sustainability has increasingly entered the beauty and personal care arena. For example, Procter & Gamble launched a Pantene brand extension in a sustainable plant-based HDPE bottle, thus making this
line of products even more environmentally-friendly. Initially launched in Western Europe in 2011, the brand plans to expand reach of this plantbased HDPE bottle globally.

Products with compressed gases will require the gas cylinder pictogram with a border printed in red and the signal word “WARNING.” Compressed gases (which under pressure is entirely gaseous at -50ºC/-58ºF, including all gases with a critical temperature of less than -50ºC/-58ºF), liquefied gases (which under pressure is partially liquid at temperatures above -50ºC/-58ºF) and dissolved gases (which when under pressure is dissolved in a liquid phase solvent) require the signal word of “WARNING,” the hazard statement of “Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated” and the storage
statement “Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.”

Refrigerated liquefied gases (which are made partially liquid due to their low temperature) also require the gas cylinder pictogram with the signal word “WARNING,” but have different associated statements. They require the prevention statement “Wear cold insulating gloves/face shield/eye protection,” the response statements “Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area” and “Get immediate medical advice/attention” as well as the storage statement “Store in a well ventilated place.”

There are two categories of Flammable Aerosol: Category 1 (Extremely Flammable) and Category 2 (Flammable). The only difference for labeling purposes is that Category 1
requires the signal word “DANGER” and the hazard statement “Extremely flammable aerosol” while Category 2 requires the weaker “WARNING” and the hazard statement
“Flammable Aerosol.” Note that only one signal word is required per label; a product with a signal word of “WARNING” (because it is a Gas Under Pressure) and a signal word of “DANGER” (because it is a Category 1 Flammable Aerosol) would use the more stringent “DANGER” signal word.

For both categories of Flammable Aerosols, there are three required prevention statements: “Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces—No smoking,”
“Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source” and “Pressurized container: Do not pierce or burn, even after use,” as well as the storage statement “Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50°C/122°F.” The flame pictogram with the red border needs to appear on the label as well for both categories (with the border printed in red).

There are three possible criteria for a Category 1 Flammable Aerosol (Extremely Flammable) classification; falling into any of these three triggers a Category 1 classification.
The first is that product contains ≥85% flammable components and the chemical heat of combustion is ≥30 kJ/g. The second is a spray aerosol where ignition occurs at a distance ≥75 cm (29.5 inches). The final is a foam aerosol where the flame height is ≥20 cm (7.87
inches) and the flame duration ≥2 seconds or the flame height is ≥4 cm (1.57 inches) and the flame duration ≥7 seconds.

For a Category 2 Flammable Aerosol (Flammable), there are two possible criteria—one for spray aerosols and one for foam aerosols. Both of the criteria require that the product have > 1% flammable components, or the heat of combustion is ≥20 kJ/g. For spray aerosols, the additional requirements are that the ignition occurs at a distance ≥15 cm (5.9 inches) or in the enclosed ignition the time equivalent is less than 300 s/m3 or the deflgration
density is less than 300 g/m3. For foam aerosols that do not meet the criteria for Category 1, the flame height is ≥4 cm (1.57 inches) and the flame duration ≥2 seconds.

While the new labeling requirements for gases under pressure are relatively straight-forward, we expect many companies to be surprised by the flammability criteria,
particularly the 15 cm/6 inch ignition distance rule for spray aerosols. Part 1 appeared in the June 2012 issue of ST&M.

The myth about chloride ions and corrosion most likely originated with the pitting corrosion behavior of some stainless steel alloys in sea water. Stainless steel alloys form
a thin oxide layer that protects the alloy from a large number of corrosive environments (but not all). Chloride ions can irreparably damage this film in small spots, resulting in the
pitting corrosion of uncoated stainless steel.

However, the tin-free steel, tinplated steel and aluminum alloys used for spray packaging do not naturally form the same type of thin protective oxide layer found on stainless steel
alloys. Hence, chloride ions do not interact with spray packaging metals in the same way that chloride ions interact with stainless steel.

What are Chlorides?
Chlorides are negatively charged free chlorine ions in aqueous solutions. Some typical chlorides are table salt (sodium chloride), potassium chloride, and ferric chloride (used to
catalyze the reaction for making ethoxylated and propoxylated surfactants). Chlorine atoms bonded to organic molecules, such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride or 1,1,1
trichloroethane, are not chlorides or sources of free chlorine ions in most situations.

The role of chlorides in spray package corrosion
Electrochemically active ions or molecules in your formula remove electrons from spray
package metals, thereby causing metal corrosion. Chlorine ions (chlorides) have saturated
electron valence shells— identical to the valence shell for the noble gas argon—so chlorine (chloride) ions have no room in their valence shells for more electrons. Hence, chlorine ions have no need to or capability to remove electrons from spray package metals.

In other words, chloride ions are not electrochemically active and thus do not cause corrosion by removing electrons from the metals used to fabricate your spray packaging. However, general and pitting corrosion generates positive metal ions and the resulting ionic charge on the metal surface at the corrosion site must be balanced in the metal’s  environment (your formula in this instance) and on the metal surface.

Negative ions diffuse toward the corroding area to balance charge, and often accumulate at the site of corrosion and are found during physical chemical analyses. However, the  negative ions diffuse to the corrosion site in response to the corrosion and are not the direct cause of the corrosion.

To summarize: the necessary amount of negative ions—such as chloride ions—move to a
corrosion site to balance the positive metal ionic charge generated by corrosion. However, any negative ion and molecule, such as sulfite and sulfate ions, could also balance the metal ionic charge, so chlorides are not necessary to support on-going corrosion. A corrosion site could be either general corrosion, pitting corrosion or both.

There are numerous examples of steel packaging that demonstrate chloride ions do not cause corrosion of the materials used to fabricate spray packages. For example, a large number of salted food products are safely packaged in both coated and uncoated tinplated steel containers, demonstrating that chlorides do not cause tinplate corrosion. The tinplate used to fabricate food containers is the same as that used to fabricate steel aerosol containers.

Several years ago, I conducted a study on tinplated steel with 18-mega ohm deionized-reverse osmosis water. The tinplate samples were all severely rusted and pitted in this chloride-free water, indicating that chlorides are not necessary for both tinplated steel general and pitting corrosion.

I’ve seen instances where aluminum containers need a nearly defect-free coating to prevent corrosion by chloride-containing formulas (e.g., certain food products), and other instances where containers with a high level of defects were not corroded by chloride-containing formulas (e.g., contact lens cleaners). These types of corrosion resistance differences with different chloride-containing formulas demonstrate that chlorides are not the primary cause of aluminum container corrosion.

It has also been determined by me and several other researchers that chloride ions do not cause coated metal container corrosion. Indeed, these studies indicated that the positive ions associated with the chloride ions were the principal cause for the coated metal corrosion.

I’m often asked how much chloride is needed to support corrosion. Theoretically it only
requires a very small amount of chlorides—approximately 3 ppm—to support a pit that
perforates a tinplated steel container after three months (electrically balance the ionic
charge generated by corrosion).

However, as previously mentioned, other negative ions and molecules can also balance the electrical charge of the corrosion sites. Hence, chlorides are not really necessary to support on-going corrosion. Consequently, there is actually no intrinsic minimum amount of chlorides needed to support corrosion.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com or visit www.pairodocspro. com for more information, pictures and driving directions to our new location. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in August. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from Spray

The Fragrance Foundation welcomed Golden Globe and Emmy winning actress and comedian Jane Lynch as host and emcee of the evening’s program along with on-stage celebrity presenters Carol Alt, Sam Champion, Tyson Chandler, Philippe Cousteau, Mariska Hargitay, Chaka Khan, Josh Groban, Michelle Monaghan, Kevin Navayne, Nicole
Richie, Jessica Stam and Martha Stewart. The evening also included a “Legacy of Excellence” tribute to Mrs. Evelyn H. Lauder.

Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel was the 2012 Hall of Fame Recipient, while Justin Bieber’s celebrity fragrance Someday won the 2012 “Elizabeth Taylor Fragrance Celebrity of the Year.” The 2012 FiFi Winners include:

The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has delayed by six months rules on the marketing of sunscreen originally set to go into effect this summer, saying the extra time was needed to avoid supply shortages, according to Reuters. The FDA last year ordered sunscreen manufacturers to make a host of changes by June 2012 to sunscreen labels that would better explain how consumers should use the products. After complaints from major trade associations that companies were having trouble making the changes, the agency last May extended the deadline to December 2012. Smaller companies have until December 2013.

“We’re thinking proactively here… we don’t want [manufacturers] to cease making sunscreens available this summer because they don’t think they’ll be able to meet the compliance date,” said FDA spokeswoman Shelly Burgess. The FDA had updated prior rules on sunscreen which dealt only with protection against ultraviolet B radiation but not ultraviolet A rays, which contribute to skin cancer and early skin aging. Sunburn is primarily caused by UVB radiation.

Now sunscreen makers would be required to pass a test by the agency to prove the product protects against both types of rays before labeling sunscreens as providing
“Broad Spectrum” protection. Of those that pass, only sunscreens with a “sun protection factor” (SPF) of 15 or higher can claim to reduce the risk of skin cancer and early skin aging.

Sunscreen products that don’t pass the test or have passed but have an SPF between two to 14 can only claim to help prevent sunburn.

Under the new rules, manufacturers also cannot call their sunscreens “water proof” or “sweat proof,” but only say that they are water or sweat “resistant.”

Sunscreen makers also cannot claim to provide protection for more than two hours without reapplication or to provide “instant protection” without submitting data to prove that to the FDA.

Burgess said that some sunscreens with revised labels were already in the market but that the agency did not know how many.

The haz-mat pack was successfully tested in SCA Packaging’s testing center, recognized by the Federal Institute for Materials Research & Testing (BAM). It meets the General Packaging Requirements for hazardous materials, specifically for aerosols; the requirements of the Special Provision 327 for waste compressed gas packaging; and passed the drop test specified in Packing Group III.

The 7th edition of Aerosol Dispensing & Forum (ADF) will meet on Feb. 8-9, 2013 at space Champerret, Paris, France to bring together global experts in aerosol dispensing technologies. The international meeting, which gathers brand representatives, their main suppliers and academic experts, will be held simultaneously with the 9th edition of Packaging of Perfumes, Cosmetics & Design (PCD). Combined, both events attracted over 2,432 participants from 43 countries in 2012. www.aerosol-forum.com

The Lindal Group announced plans to more than double the size of its Sao Paulo, Brazilbased facility, moving from the Jundiai area to the nearby town of Itupeva, in response to continued growth in the regional consumer product market. The company has leased a new, custom-built, expandable construction that will add manufacturing capacity for aerosol valves and house all molding and assembly operations, as well as provide office space for all staff, including sales, customer service, lab and manufacturing support teams.

“When we relocate to our new Itupeva facility by 3Q12, we will have expanded our Brazilian facility by 250%, to 3,000 square meters,” said Lindal Brazil’s Managing Director, Moacir Camargo. “The growth of the Brazilian beauty market alone—7.3% in 2011—will boost demand for aerosol solutions.”

The Association of European Producers of Steel for Packaging (APEAL) announced that 71% of steel packaging in Europe was recycled in 2010. Steel is still the most recycled packaging material in Europe, according to APEAL. The steel packaging industry is committed to increasing recycling rates even further, focusing on a long term objective of achieving an 80% recycling rate and zero metal cans in landfill in Europe by 2020, a higher goal than current EU or national targets. Germany for example, which achieved a rate of 93.8% in 2011, has not dropped below a 90% recycling rate since 1997—exceeding the post-consumer packaging scrap national target of 70%.

Additionally, the steel for packaging industry in Europe has lowered its global warming potential (mainly CO2 emissions) by 9% over two years. The environmental footprint of tinplate production has also been reduced in other impact categories, such as acidification (-6%), eutrophication (-11%) and primary energy demand (-3%). In Europe, where 71% of tinplate is recycled, CO2 emissions are currently reduced by 42%, according

Keep America Beautiful, Inc. (KAB) announced the availability of its 2012 Graffiti Hurts Grant Program, designed to assist communities in augmenting their local graffiti prevention activities. With municipal
government funding under increasing burdens, KAB hopes that the grant program will serve as a catalyst to combat the economic and quality-oflife
setback caused by graffiti vandalism.

Keep America Beautiful is offering six grants for the 2012 program: four cash grants of $2,500 each; two graffitiresistant paint product grants from The Sherwin-Williams Co. valued at $2,500 each; and one FlashCAM from Q-Star Technology, valued at $6,100.

“Preventing and abating graffiti vandalism helps to keep our cities and towns cleaner, safer and more livable,” said Keep America Beautiful President and CEO Matt McKenna. “Keep America Beautiful values our partnership with Sherwin-Williams for bringing needed resources to communities, raising
awareness about the harmful effects of graffiti vandalism and activating proven prevention methods.”

Local governments, police departments, youth groups, downtown associations, crime prevention organizations and other groups dedicated to eradicating graffiti vandalism are encouraged to apply. (Businesses that make or operate graffiti-removal equipment or technologies are not eligible). Proposed projects can address graffiti prevention and education, eradication, or enforcement of local anti-graffiti laws. Programs that focus on prevention initiatives, including Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), and engaging and educating youth are encouraged.

Home Care Industries, Inc. announced that their Febreze Carpet Care product line was featured on the “Designing Spaces” homeimprovement television series on the Lifetime Channel. HomeCare licenses the Febreze brand for carpet cleaning products from The Procter & Gamble Co.

Febreze Carpet Care products include Deep Cleaning Carpet, Rug and Upholstery Formulas such as Oxygen Action, Advanced Pet Solution, Oxy, Advanced Pet, Oxy for Truck & Cars, Spot & Stain Remover Sprays and Pretreaters, ToughSPOT OXY Stain Remover & Pretreater, Pet Stain & Odor Remover with Oxygen Action and ToughSPOT OXY for Cars & Trucks.

“We felt that the Febreze Carpet Care product line was a perfect fit for our ‘Spring Cleaning Tips from the Pros’ theme this year,” said Jennifer Giordano, Supervising Production Coordinator from Designing Spaces. The segments ran in March and April, so look for reruns.

The deadline for all applications is June 15, 2012. All interested communities and organizations should complete the online application available at www.kab.org/grants. Grant winners will be announced by Sept.12, 2012.

In a recent article titled “How to Recycle Anything—An A-to-Z guide of what can be tossed into which bin” by Natalie Ermann Russell in Real Simple magazine, the first item on the list was aerosol cans:

“Aerosol cans: These can usually be recycled with other cans, as long as you pull off the plastic cap and empty the canister completely…”

We already knew that, but now everyone else does too.

More than 250 guests attended the annual Pratt Institute & Luxe Pack Art of Packaging Award Gala in New York City on April 17. The gala, which supports the Marc Rosen Scholarship & Education Fund for Packaging by Design and raises funds for scholarships for graduating packaging design students at Pratt Institute, raised $300,000 at the event and has brought in more than $3.5 million over the last 23 years.

The fundraiser honored Shiseido for its outstanding commitment to packaging design; Heidi Manheimer, CEO, Shiseido Cosmetics America, and Katsuhiko Shibuya, Creative Director, Shiseido Co., Ltd from the headquarters in Tokyo, accepted the award. This year, 2012, marks the celebration of Shiseido’s 140th anniversary, which coincidentally marks Pratt Institute’s 125th anniversary.

Pictured, left to right is Marc Rosen and student scholarship winners Maija Rozenfelde (Latvia), Aaron Mickelson (New York, NY), Wei-Hsin Lin (Taiwan) and Renato Martins Cerqueira (Brazil).

Robertet Fragrances announced the appointment of Jennifer Powderly as its
new Marketing Director. She has more than 20 years of experience, previously working for Bath & Body Works, Elizabeth Arden, Guerlain
and Avon Products, where she launched the FiFi awardwinning fragrance Little Black Dress.

The Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA) announced
the appointment of Lynne Harris, M.A., APR, to VP of Communications. She will be responsible for leading CSPA’s external and member communications programs. Additionally, she will work with CSPA’s leadership to promote and enhance the Association’s brand and will be responsible for the development, integration, and implementation of a broad range of public relations and marketing activities.

Prior to joining CSPA, Harris served as Corporate Communications Director for NISH and is also is a former Harris news anchor, assignment editor, reporter and talk show producer for WILM-AM (Wilmington, DE), WAMU-FM (Washington, DC) and WPFW-FM (Washington, DC). In all, she has 17 years of experience in communications, along with a decade of service as a journalist.

Penray announced that Tom Regan has joined the company as Production Supervisor in the company’s Elk Grove Village, IL plant. He joined Penray with more than 35 years of manufacturing experience in the aerosol and
liquid packaging industries. His most recent position was as a supervisor in the filling department at Hydrosol Inc., now known as Chicago Aerosol.

Ton Büchner was appointed as member of AkzoNobel’s Board of Management (BOM) as well as CEO. Hans Wijers stepped down from his position as CEO and BOM member. Keith Nichols was reappointed
for another four-year term, Leif Darner was reappointed for a two-year term and Rob Frohn stepped down from the BOM. Dolf van den Brink, Peter
Ellwood, Sari Baldauf and Ben Verwaayen were appointed to the Supervisory Board for four-year terms while Virginia Bottomley stepped down.

Alpha Packaging welcomed Jeffrey Kellar as President and CEO. He brings more than 20 years of packaging industry experience and was most recently President of Hexacomb. Prior to that, he was president of Alcoa’s Flexible Packaging business and served in various management roles at Tetra Pak.

B & H Labeling Systems has promoted Rodrigo Melo to the position of
Assistant Global Field Service Manager. He assumes responsibility for managing B & H’s field service engineers around the world.

Thomas Schönen, VP, Corporate & Brands Communications, left Beiersdorf in April to accept a new position outside of the company. Until a successor is
appointed, Petra Rob will take over the position.

TricorBraun has named Charles Pfister CFO. He will be responsible for the finance, corporate administration and human resource groups and based in the firm’s St. Louis, MO headquarters. Previously, he was Senior VP of Finance for Kohl’s Corp. and VP for Home Depot.

Nicole Gesche was appointed Human Resources Manager at drom fragrances where she and is responsible for roughly 370 internationally active employees.

Mintel Group has named Katie Gross VP of the Beauty & Personal Care Division for the U.S. and Canada.

The production line is backed by a fully automated transport system and an automated storage center, which optimizes the supply in raw materials and the dispatch of finished products. It also provides the 140 employees working on the premises with better working conditions, since raw materials are lifted and carried by robots, while the air is renewed seven times an hour.

Robertet is deeply rooted in the Grasse, and its history began in 1850 when Jean- Baptiste Maubert and his uncle opened a factory and endeavoured to extract scents from the region’s flowers and plants. Acquired in 1875 by Paul Robertet, who gave it his name, the company received national recognition in 1900, when Robertet’s natural fragrances were awarded the gold medal at the Universal Exposition in Paris. Today, the Maubert family still controls a majority of the company’s shares, thus enabling Robertet June 2012 Spray 37 to retain its specifically French character and fiercely independent spirit.

In July 2011, Anglo-Dutch consumer goods group Unilever Plc/NV opened a plant in Mexico to manufacture aerosolbased deodorants for the U.S., Canada, Latin America and Caribbean markets. Unilever will have invested $500 million and built a new factory once its five-year investment plan in Mexico ends in 2015 According to www.euwidpackaging. com, British suppliers of aluminum aerosol packaging saw an increase in the market in 2011. Deliveries for personal hygiene products in the British market were the strongest, with occasional supply bottlenecks during the summer months.

To mark the 140th anniversary of its founding in 1872, Shiseido will hold a series of exhibitions introducing its corporate culture in Greece and Switzerland, two countries where Shiseido’s overseas subsidiaries recently started sales. The exhibitions will introduce key milestones over the course of Shiseido’s history.

TricorBraun has relocated its Latin American Headquarters and Mexico City office to larger quarters. The new facility, which is more than three times
larger, will enable TricorBraun to add sales personnel, expand its technical services and quality assurance departments and enlarge its customer service
center.

CPL Aromas Colombia has moved into its new site closer to Bogota to become the regional center for Latin America incorporating production,
perfumery and sales.

The new facility, five times the size of the previous site, spearheads the company’s plans to expand in Latin America.

Ball Corp. announced a metal technology breakthrough that enables the use of recycled aluminum in the manufacture of extruded aluminum packaging
for aerosols. The resulting new metal alloy exhibits increased strength and allows “lightweighting” of the container without affecting package integrity. Ball’s technology breakthrough will allow the company to lightweight its extruded aluminum aerosol packaging by as much as 10%, with further
lightweighting expected in the future.

Currently, almost all extruded aluminum aerosol packaging is made from virgin aluminum “slugs.” These metal disks are impact extruded to produce
packaging for aerosol products. Ball will use aluminum recycled from Ball’s global beverage can operations to produce the company’s new slugs.

“Our ReAl brand slugs will improve the carbon footprint of increasingly popular extruded aluminum packaging by enabling us to reduce the amount of metal in the package and further enhance the environmental performance of our company,” said Raymond Seabrook, Ball COO, Global Packaging. “This breakthrough comes after months of collaboration between our global metal technology experts and innovation teams, and brings additional value to
the supply chain by adding recycled aluminum from our beverage can plants into our slug manufacturing processes and by lightweighting our extruded aluminum packaging. We are excited to bring this new solution to our customers around the world in the coming months.”

Ball will begin producing cans made with ReAl slugs initially in Europe, and has applied for patents on its ReAl packaging. Clayton Corp. has announced
the company has been issued a patent on its non-sticking valve technology designed for the aerosol 1-component moisture cured polyurethane foam (“PUFoam”) market. The patent was issued in the U.S., China and the EU. The non-sticking valve technology helped solved a long term and costly problem created when regulations required the removal of Freon propellants from PU Foam.

Cosmoprof North America (CPNA) will take place July 22–24 at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas, NV. The Discover Beauty program will return for its sixth year of matching leading retailers with  emerging beauty brands in 2012. Companies from all over the world will be selected to participate as show organizers arrange pre-scheduled sales meetings and events with retailers (although all show visitors are invited to learn more about these brands). YouBeauty.com (a website that explores the link between beauty and science) will also partner with the Discover Beauty program to find brands for their new ecommerce site, BeautySage.com, which
launches Spring 2012.

New this year, CPNA introduces Spotlights, an exclusive initiative within the
Discover Beauty program. The new exhibit space will allow smaller companies that are big on creativity but tight on budget the opportunity to
showcase their products at CPNA.

The International Fragrance Association, North America (IFRANA) announced it is joining the Safe Cosmetics Alliance and its efforts in supporting new legislation to help safety regulations keep pace with scientific and technological advancements in personal care products. The Alliance is working to champion modernizing the industry’s U.S. cosmetic product safety laws, according to Alliance officials. The U.S.-based coalition supports
science-backed federal legislation that would strengthen U.S. Food & Drug
Administration oversight of the industry, increase transparency and enhance existing consumer safeguards.

MeadWestvaco Corp. announced the official opening of its state-of-the art pilot plant located in Richmond, VA. The pilot plant is a 48,000 -squarefoot
packaging materials and technologies research and development facility.

Aerosol propellant gas supplier Diversified CPC International, Inc. announced the acquisition of Pure Chem Separation, L.P. effective April 30, 2012. The new entity will be known as Diversified Pure Chem, LLC. In the deal, Diversified CPC has acquired substantially all the assets of Pure Chem Separation.

According to William Auriemma, President & CEO of Diversified CPC, “This acquisition expands Diversified CPC’s reach into the fluorocarbon refrigerant markets with a focus on recycle and reuse. The additional gas fractionation capabilities will also improve our ability to handle specialized requests from our aerosol customers.”

Diversified Pure Chem will continue to expand and develop its refrigerant recycle and reprocessing capabilities in support of the EPA’s intent to create sustainable refrigerant recycling businesses. With that in mind, it is acquiring the tallest, high-pressure fractional distillation column for separating mixed refrigerants in this industry. This will position Diversified Pure Chem to separate large quantities of R-22 in addition to high-pressure mixtures such as R-410a.

Henkel has sold several of its personal care brands. High Ridge Brands has acquired the global rights to the Coast personal cleansing brand; in a simultaneous transaction, Newhall Laboratories has acquired the rights to the L.A. Looks, Dep Sport, Zero Frizz and Thicker Fuller Hair portfolio of hair care brands, the Soft & Dri female deodorant brand and the Pure & Natural liquid hand soap and body wash brand. High Ridge Brands was formed by Brynwood VI in January 2011 to purchase the North American Zest personal cleansing brand from Procter & Gamble. In August 2011, High Ridge Brands acquired the U.S. and Puerto Rico brand and marketing rights to the Alberto VO5 brand and the worldwide marketing and brand rights to the Rave brand.

L’Oréal announced that it has closed the acquisition of 100% of mass personal care brand Cadum, the majority of which was held by investment fund Milestone.

Albéa announced its acquisition of Zhongshan Meiquan Plastic Products Co Ltd belonging to the TEX R.L. group. Better known under the name TEX China, the company manufactures packaging for the perfumery and cosmetics sectors.

Eastman Chemical Co. has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Solutia Inc. Eastman expects the addition of Solutia will broaden its geographic reach into emerging geographies (particularly Asia Pacific), establish a powerful combined platform with extensive organic growth opportunities and expand its portfolio of sustainable products.

The 61st annual Consumer Specialty Products Association (CSPA) Aerosol Pressurized Products Survey has revealed that the estimated total units filled in the U.S. in 2011 was 3.782 billion. This represents a 1% increase from the estimated fillings for 2010 reported in last year’s survey, and establishes another new historical high for U.S. fillings, exceeding last year by more than 36 million units.

Tony Jackson, Aeropres Corp., served as Chairperson of the CSPA Aerosol Products Division’s Survey Committee for 2011 and presented the data during CSPA’s Mid-Year Meeting in Chicago, IL. The summary serves as a benchmark for assessing the economic status of the U.S. aerosol industry.

The survey, which also reports the unit volume of aerosol packaging components manufactured and delivered for domestic use in 2011, as well as estimates for Canadian and Mexican production, has served for 61 years as the primary index of the business strength of the aerosol products industry.

In 2011, 78 companies reported for 97 filling facilities. Filler participation accounted for 95% of the total unit production reported in 2011 achieving the target of an expected response rate. The survey committee estimated only 5% of the total unit production in 2011.

UK aerosol fillings increased by 9% in 2011 compared with the previous year, latest figures show. Nearly 1.4 billion aerosols were filled in 2011, compared with just under 1.3 billion during 2010, according to the latest annual figures from the British Aerosol Manufacturers’ Association (BAMA).

Overall, most UK aerosol sectors showed an increase, with air fresheners and personal care maintaining high filling figures and remaining the driver of sales growth in the sector. UK aerosol fillings make a big leap…

The Figures

Antiperspirants, deodorants and body sprays rose from 593 million units to 647.6 million aerosols filled, an increase of 9%. Hairsprays and hair mousses rose from 81.7 million to 89.8 million, a rise of 10% over 2010. Fashion trends, such as the increasing demand for dry shampoos, has influenced overall demand. Other personal care products of note were sun tan and bronzing aerosols ,which, while a relatively small category, saw 160% growth.

“Other” personal products rose by a healthy 28% from 18.8 million to 24 million units. Shaving products continued to make an important contribution, but remained stable with a modest increase to 199.6 million units filled in 2011—up just 1% from the previous year.

Perfumes and colognes performed particularly well, nearly doubling from 5.1 million units (2010) to 10 million units (96% growth) primarily driven by strong export sales.

The air freshener category, already a strong sector, was especially buoyant with 18% growth from 154 million in 2010 to 182.4 million in 2011. Cleaning products also enjoyed rapid growth during 2011. Bathroom and kitchen, again a small category, rose by 148% reflecting importation of filling from overseas fillers, while oven cleaners rose 3% and “other household” such as glass and carpet cleaners and DIY products by 6%. Also in the household category, waxes and polishes showed a 4% growth, from 29 million units to 30.1 million aerosols.

Other sectors of note include shoe and leather cleaners up from 1.8 million units (2010) to 2.1 million units—a growth of 16%. Starches were up by over 10% from 3.5 million units to 4.7 million units.

Although overall the aerosol fillings sector is doing very well, growth was not universal: insecticides and industrial products were down. Insecticides fell from 12.9 million (2010) to 10.3 million (-20%) and industrial aerosols were down from 15.3 million (2010) to 13.5 million (-11%).

Analysis

Dr. John Morris, Chief Executive of BAMA, stated, “These latest figures are particularly pleasing and it is splendid that BAMA can report such strong growth in its 50th anniversary year (2011). The sector shows not just resilience but firm growth. To have achieved such growth when the financial climate and consumer spending make for tough trading is testament to the strength of the aerosol format.

“The figures indicate that many strong sectors, including air fresheners and personal care products in particular, continue to grow, despite starting from a high base. Innovation also seems to be paying dividends with newer sectors such as sun tan sprays, bronzers and perfumes growing extremely well to meet consumer demand”.

According to BAMA, the results are particularly gratifying for the aerosol industry, which, like many other sectors, has been operating against a background of challenging trading conditions.

“We can be especially confident in these figures as they account for virtually all manufacturers and fillers in the UK,” concluded Morris. “BAMA continues to actively promote the recycling of used, empty aerosols, with the success of our long-term recycling campaign helping to persuade over 83% of local authorities to undertake recycling of empty aerosols at the curbside.”

The Alliance for Consumer Education (ACE) is a not-for-profit foundation that works to promote the safety, health and well-being of children, families and communities. Its tireless efforts to keep consumers and future- consumers informed and healthy have increasingly gained momentum in recent years.

Preventing Inhalant Abuse

Inhalant Abuse Prevention is ACE’s flagship program. It began in 2002 with a website (www.Inhalant.org) and informational brochures, and has since increased its visibility and community outreach tremendously. More growth and visibility is expected this year now that ACE’s new Honorary Chair is U.S. Senator Herb Kohl (D-WI).

Strike!
Though the website is a key component to the program, ACE also employs a grassroots community-based approach as well. Last summer, ACE expanded its Strikeout Inhalants baseball program to Major League Baseball. It partnered with the Minnesota Twins to officially launch its Minnesota state program with a Strikeout Inhalant Abuse night with 38,809 fans (near capacity) in attendance at Target Field. The event included a co-branded Strike Out Inhalant Abuse poster, an on-field pre-game ceremony which featured a “Great Strikeouts in Twins History” montage played on the JumboTron and introduction by Minnesota Teen Challenge, local Students Against Destructive Decision (SADD) spokespersons and youth volunteers. There was also a public service announcement created for the Strike Out program with Twins pitcher Glen Perkins.

The Twins Strike Out Inhalant baseball game was just the beginning of ACE’s efforts in Minnesota. Following the game, ACE also assembled a full state coalition including state agencies, public health associations, school  associations and community groups to continue the preventative campaign throughout the year. ACE also has baseball initiatives in other communities in cooperation with the Eastern Aerosol Association (Camden Riversharks of NJ) and Southern Aerosol Technical Association (Gwinnett Braves of GA).

NIPAW
Several years ago, ACE took the inhalant abuse prevention message to retailers in another grassroots initiative. ACE worked with a mother who lost her son to inhalants to create something special for National Inhalants & Poisons Awareness Week (NIPAW). Over 500 brochures were displayed on Giant Foods and Stop & Shop pharmacy counters throughout the Mid-Atlantic & New England regions.

As seen on TV
ACE strives to work with people to help them share their stories in an effort to put a human face on inhalant abuse. ACE developed a public service announcement with TV show A&E Intervention; it included “Allison” and her family. When Allison was featured in an Intervention episode concerning huffing, it was one of the most-watched episodes in the series. When producers for Intervention: In-Depth (a follow-up show) heard about Allison’s involvement in educating others and working with ACE, they decided to feature the public service announcement at the end of its new episode.

PAIN
ACE is in the midst of finalizing its People Against Inhalants Network (PAIN) website, a brainchild of ACE Board Trustee Sgt. Jeff Williams. He wanted to create a place for people who lost loved ones to inhalant abuse can go to share stories and experiences. Sgt. Williams lost his son to inhalant abuse and has since been a leading voice in raising awareness of the issue nationwide. PAIN will include testimonials, information about the topic and key tools and resources needed to address the issue. The site will also highlight all the positive work people are doing locally so others can use the example as a template to follow within their own community.

Keep it Clean, folks…

ACE’s other active program, Disease Prevention, has come a long way since its inception in 2005. Back then, the cornerstone for the program was an award-winning website (www.StopGerms.org) that continues to inform visitors on simple steps to keep their families safe and healthy. Since then, ACE has continued to build upon its online presence while incorporating efforts on the ground.

ACE Clean vs. Professor Grime
ACE created a mascot for the program,—“ACE Clean”— to reach children and their parents. ACE Clean was unveiled at a New Britain Rock Cats’ (AA affiliate of the Minnesota Twins) Minor League Baseball game in Connecticut. All children who attended the game received baseball cards feaururing ACE Clean and Rocky, the Rock Cats mascot with healthy tips printed on the back. In addition to the cards, signage about hand-washing and positive disease prevention messages appeared throughout the stadium. Because the launch took place in the midst of National Nurses Week, ACE highlighted nurses by publicly thanking them and having two local nurses address the crowd on the importance of hand washing. The New Britain Rock Cats took the message a step further by setting up convenient hand washing stations at various areas in the stadium.

At the same game, the ACE Clean Trivia Challenge was officially launched. Created as a joint partnership between ACE and the Consumer Specialty Products Association’s Cleaning Products Division, the Jeopardystyled online trivia game is designed to teach players about good health through cleanliness and proper hygiene practices. During pre-game activities, two Boy Scout troops competed on the field and online game was also made available to all in the stadium that day, as a trivia station was set up by the front gate.

ACE Clean’s nemesis, “Professor Grime”, was launched at the Eastern League All-Star Game at the Fisher Cats (AA affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays) baseball stadium in New Hampshire. The day before the All Star Game, ACE attended the All-Star Block Party in an effort to engage the public and distribute information. There was a pre-game face-off prior to the start of the All-Star game where Professor Grime appeared on the field chasing a group of young kids; however, ACE Clean arrived to save the day. A mini-script was read giving brief background on the characters and encouraging all to visit StopGerms.org to learn how to stay healthy. As ACE Clean and Professor Grime were on hand to give autographs and interact with passersby, the table remained very popular.

The Henry the Hand Foundation invited ACE to work with the Clean Hands Coalition to help promote International Clean Hands Week. As a result, ACE Clean was invited by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture to attend its Harvest Festival. The mascot has been very well received by adults and kids alike.

ACE Clean is no stranger to teaming up with other characters. ACE and the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) partnered with Marvel Entertainment on an educational book cover that features images of ACE Clean and superhero Iron Man, healthy tips, and word jumble/word search activities. Over 90,000 of these book covers have been distributed to New York City classrooms.

To announce the project, ACE held an event in Times Square, where ACE had sole use of the Reuters and NASDAQ billboards that morning. ACE Clean also attended the event alongside Marvel’s Iron Man. The two superheroes teamed up to educate the public about disease prevention via hand washing demonstrations. Passersby also lined up to take photos with ACE Clean, images which were then projected up onto the Reuters and NASDAQ billboards. The event culminated in a press conference at Midtown Comics with ACE, CSPA, APIC, Marvel Entertainment and the American School Counselor Assoc.

ACE continues to receive calls to appear in communities and schools across the country. The latest being from the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) asking the ACE to present at its International Health Academy Conference.

Heroes of the Health League Finally, ACE launched its newest program, Heroes of the Health League, in 2011. The program is an all encompassing look at the home, and highlights poison prevention, recycling, proper disposal and storage, pet safety, fire safety and sustainability concepts (light usage, water usage, recycling, etc.). The premise is an interactive game available online at www.ConsumerEd.org where children explore various rooms of a house and complete mini-games while learning how to keep their homes safe and healthy.

The program’s interactive website was consumer tested to ensure the content and layout would be an effective learning tool. The beta version of the website obtained a 91% approval rating from parents. Heroes of the Health League launched last summer at the Bowling Green Hot Rods (Single A affiliate of the Tampa Bay Rays) baseball stadium in Kentucky. Local kindergarten students celebrated their graduation by participating in an on-field “parade of heroes” alongside fellow community heroes including first responders, firefighters, etc. During the game, tables were set up on the stadium concourse where kids could visit the program website to learn about the issues, play the online games and create their own Hero badges. The site proved even more popular than ACE had anticipated.

2012 has started off strong for ACE by having a national partnership with SADD to develop an inhalant abuse prevention curriculum to be used in SADD’s peer-to-peer mentoring program in their middle school chapters across the country. Looking to the future, another high visibility partnership taking place in 2012 is in the works that will surely strengthen ACE’s programs. Stay tuned!

While only about 17% of male U.S. consumers use body spray, it is most popular among those aged 18 to 24, with 28% using it, according to market research firm Mintel. Forty-seven percent of women use body spray, second to body lotion with fragrance, which is used by 59%, but more popular than eau de parfum (43%) or eau de toilette (34%).

Unilever’s AXE brand dominates the men’s body spray category, with a 74% share of the market, according to market research firm SymphonyIRI Group. While AXE is targeted primarily to men aged 18 to 24, the brand also is popular among adolescent boys (however, Mintel doesn’t track usage for those under age18.)

Since its introduction in the U.S. in 2002, AXE has been pitched squarely at young men, with commercials depicting women aggressively pursuing AXE users. For the first time ever, AXE is launching a limited-edition matching fragrance for women.

“The launch of Anarchy For Him and Anarchy For Her represents a new evolution of the AXE brand,” said Barret Roberts, AXE Senior Brand Manager at Unilever. “We know guys love the smell of AXE and the confidence it gives them, and our success is, in part, due to the way girls have also embraced the brand.”

Anarchy For Him and For Her— sporting the tagline “Unleash the chaos”—are fun fragrances that start with fruity top notes. For Her evolves into a soft floral with a light finish, while For Him evokes a rich oriental heart.

“We’ve been hearing for some time that females have been asking for and looking for their very own scent of AXE,” Roberts told The New York Times. AXE For Her is being released as a limited edition, with the possibility of being offered permanently based on sales. On the men’s side only, in addition to the body spray, Anarchy also will be available as a deodorant, antiperspirant, shower gel and shampoo.

The latest scent to be introduced into Proctor & Gamble’s Old Spice Red Zone collection of body sprays is Danger Zone. According to the company, Danger Zone “enhances handsomeness and commands female attention.” The body spray contains Core Technology, a controlled-release scent system that releases scent steadily throughout the day. Other scents include After Hours, Aqua Reef, Pure Sport, Champion and Swagger.

Mirato’s Malizia brand from Italy was launched in the early 1980s with a range of body sprays for women. The success of the brand led to the launch of Malizia Uomo—spray products targeted at men and teenaged boys. EDT scents include Amber, Urban, Vetyver, Silver and Aqua. Malizia brand’s main distribution is in southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. The Malizia shaped can was developed using Ardagh Group’s beaded shaping technology. The new shaped can builds on previous designs brought to market by Mirato and Ardagh, who, according to Ardagh, together were first to the market with a colored side seam (also incorporated in the new pack). The shaping was created to highlight the fragrance and give the product an easy, masculine grip.

GHS finally arrives in the U.S: Part 1

On March 19, the moment we have been patiently waiting for arrived: The U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) released the final version of their Globally Harmonized System (GHS) regulation. The rule, which OSHA is informally calling Hazcom 2012, replaces the previous Hazard Communications Standard (HCS) and radically alters hazard communication in the U.S. A new 16-section format of Material Safety Data Sheets, now simply called Safety Data Sheets (SDSs), is the required standard in the U.S. Workplace industrial labels are radically altered as well, though the  regulations do not apply to consumer products. Workers will need to be trained in a new complex system of hazard groups, classes and categories. Required hazard statements will appear on SDSs and labels, along with nine pictograms, each contained within a red diamond.

The change will be a costly one for industry, as workers will need to be trained in the new standard and labels and SDSs will need to be created. For instance, OSHA estimates the cost of labor and software to author new SDSs to be $406 per SDS for large businesses (500+ employees) to $462 per SDS for small businesses (fewer than 99 employees). Companies will need to ensure they set aside sufficient resources to comply with the new regulations.

Hazcom 2012 Timeline

We are fortunate that OSHA extended the timeline for GHS compliance from the draft regulations. The important dates are as follows:

• Dec.1, 2013: All employees must be trained on SDS and labels.
• June 1, 2015: Compliance with the final rule for SDSs and workplace labels. This is the same date as EU’s deadline date for mixtures.
• Dec. 1, 2015: Distributors must stop shipping products with “old” labels.

Note that unlike the EU, there is no staggered phase in date for (pure) substances and mixtures of more than one GHS finally arrives in the U.S: Part 1 substance. This presents a bit of a problem, as you need the classifications for the individual substances in order to properly classify the mixture. There is no official or mandatory U.S. inventory of classifications, but OSHA believes the vast majority of substances have already been classified for GHS in Europe, Japan and Korea.

Differences Between GHS and Hazcom 2012

Although GHS is The Globally Harmonized System, it is neither truly global nor truly harmonized. There are substantial differences between the OSHA implementation, the EU implementation and the UN’s Purple Book.

Much of GHS falls outside of OSHA’s bailiwick, such as the environmental provisions; the entire GHS environmental hazard group is left out of Hazcom 2012. Furthermore, Hazcom 2012 does not require any information that would normally appear on Sections 12–15 of a GHS SDS, however these section headings still need to appear on the document.

Unlike most other jurisdictions, such as the EU, trade secret provisions in Hazcom 2012 allow companies to keep chemical names and concentrations as “proprietary” without needing to register those proprietary claims with the government. There are a number of significant additions to Hazcom 2012, including that the American Conference of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values will need to be referenced on Hazcom 2012 SDSs, as they are under the existing HCS.

OSHA has added four classes to Hazcom 2012, which do not appear in other implementations of GHS:
• Combustible Dust
• Simple Asphyxiants
• Pyrophoric Gases
• “Hazards Not Otherwise Classified”

The last classification is particularly problematic, as SDS and label authors are required to list hazards that do not have Hazcom 2012 classifications on labels and SDSs. It is not clear what these hazards will be (OSHA gives the example of static accumulators). It will now be necessary to not only classify hazards that are listed in the regulations, it will be necessary to see which supplemental classifications become “industry standard” and ensure those are being classified as well.

Having a single SDS that will cover both the U.S. plus the EU will be possible, but difficult. An author will need to ensure that the SDS is compliant with the EU’s 453/2010 format. The document will need to cover information that is unique to each jurisdiction, such as California Prop 65 and the German Water Regulations. It will be necessary to include the environmental classes that are in the EU and the four U.S. classes not found in the EU. Finally, a joint document will not be able to take advantage of the U.S. trade secret provisions unless they obtain permission from the EU to claim trade secret status.

Hazcom 2012 –Industry Seeing Red

Under Hazcom 2012, it is mandatory that the red diamond border around pictograms be printed in red. Having red diamonds pre-printed onto labels will likely be difficult, as different labels will have different numbers of pictograms and it is not permitted under the regulations to have blank diamonds or to fill in the diamonds with information such as “THIS DIAMOND INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.” As such, we expect many companies will need to upgrade their equipment in order to print in both red and black.

Hazcom 2012 – Stay Tuned, Stay Up-To-Date

There are still a number of unanswered questions with Hazcom 2012, particularly around creating single documents that are compliant in both the EU and the U.S. We expect that OSHA will issue a number of clarifications and guidance documents in the next two years. The U.S. Department of Labor has created a portal where the newest information on GHS is posted; it is available at: http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.html

In the next article, we will get “into the weeds” and examine some of the specifics of the regulations as they pertain to the aerosol industry.

Hello everyone. Spray package metals, polymer laminate films and internal polymer coatings are all susceptible to corrosion. In this month’s Corrosion Corner, I’ll review several of the general attributes of spray package corrosion and the adverse effects corrosion has on both product efficacy and spray package performance. Generic types of corrosion There are two categories of corrosion: general and localized. General corrosion occurs over relatively large areas of a spray package, such as detinning in tinplated steel aerosol containers.

Pitting corrosion of metals and metal foils, plus blistering of laminate films and internal polymer coatings are the most common forms of localized corrosion. Pits and blisters are typically very small and randomly distributed around the spray package.

Corrosion attributes: Time & corrosion
General corrosion typically starts soon after a spray package is filled with product. Polymer blisters and pitting corrosion typically require an incubation period to reach a critical size where the blister or pit is able to continue growing at a stead state rate.

Pits that grow at their steady state rate will eventually perforate the package metal or metal foil. Blisters can grow and eventually cause large areas of polymer film or polymer coating to separate from the substrate metal foil or metal, respectively.

The time for blister or pit incubation could be very small, for example a few days. Conversely, the time for blister or pit incubation could be very long, for example nine months to one year.

The rate of pitting corrosion is not a function of its incubation time and the rate could be very low or very high. In other words, a pit that requires nine months to incubate could perforate the container after 12 months or after three years. Thus, containers having very low pitting rates could have a suitable container service lifetime in spite of the pitting corrosion, and containers with very high pitting rates would not have suitable container service lifetimes.

Corrosion attributes: The risk of corrosion
Figure 1 has two graphs of the corrosion risk as a function of time for the traditional storage test and electrochemical corrosion testing. The nocorrosion-data risk for both graphs is based on storage test data collected on over 7,500 aerosol test containers that were at least one year old.

The one-year risk data for storage tests was developed from a survey conducted on commercial aerosol products. The 90-day risk for electrochemical testing was developed from over 600 comparisons between results from electrochemical tests and actual commercial container corrosion. We have not yet developed a similar risk-time profile for spray packaging that uses laminated aluminum foil.

Notice that the no-corrosiondata risk is around 62% (no data is available at time zero). In other words, there is an approximately 62% risk of aerosol container corrosion.

Notice also that:
• The corrosion risk for commercial containers is around 2% to 7% even after one year of storage testing
• The risk decreases faster and to a lower level with electrochemical corrosion testing (Note: the electrochemical corrosion test risk is for specific test parameters and data analysis protocols)

Figure 1 emphasizes the importance of corrosion testing for new products and line extensions using spray packaging. Figure 1 also emphasizes that the lowest risk is achieved only after the appropriate test time length.

The adverse effects of corrosion on product efficacy and spray package performance Corrosion could have an adverse effect on product efficacy and package performance. General corrosion does not cause a spray package to leak. However, general corrosion could a) discolor the product, b) degrade product efficacy, such as fragrance or c) plug the valve orifices in the spray package with metal corrosion products or pieces of loose coating or laminate film.

Pitting corrosion could cause leaking of the product and/or propellant. Propellant leaking could produce a package that is mostly or partially full but does not spray.

Please send your questions/comments/suggestions to rustdr@pairodocspro.com or visit www.pairodocspro.com for more information. Thanks for your interest and I’ll see you in July. Back issues of Corrosion Corner are available on CD from Spray Technology & Marketing.

“In the U.S., UK, and China, prestige beauty is enjoying one of the most robust sales periods ever,” said Karen Grant, VP & Senior Global Industry Analyst at market research firm The NPD Group. “In the U.S., for example, beauty sales in both the mass and prestige channels were positive month after month in 2011. From the impressive increases in prestige skincare to the continued gains in makeup, to the double-digit rebound of fragrance, prestige beauty is experiencing a time of unprecedented growth.”

In continental Europe, where the prestige market is more mature, growth is more tempered, and performance among the categories has not been as dynamic as in the U.S. or UK, according to Grant, but nonetheless, prestige beauty managed to flourish.

In addition, the U.S. Food/Drug/Mass channel (excluding Wal-Mart) experienced a 4% increase in sales for total beauty in 2011, versus 2010. Makeup sales posted the biggest increase at 8%, followed by skincare at 3%, while fragrance sales declined 5% in dollar sales, compared to 2010. In national chain stores, fragrance sales grew 5%.

Hair care made sensible
2010 marked the third consecutive year that total U.S. hair care value sales declined. However, 2010’s small decline was much lower compared with the previous two years, according to Euromonitor International. Value-oriented brands, which promise salon-quality technology or natural ingredients, may perform well, especially as the economy recovers.

One such mass product offering salon results is TRESemme Split Remedy, formulated with a Reconstructing Complex that repairs up to 80% of split-ends in just three uses. With continued use, the salon-quality formula continues to bind splitends for a smooth look that lasts and keeps working to help prevent new splits from occurring. Leave-In Conditioning Spray and Split End Sealing Serum both use dispensing systems supplied by Aptar Beauty+Home.

Dove Style+Care Strength & Shine Flexible Hold Hairspray with Nutri-Style Complex has a fast-drying, water-free, frizz-proof formula that helps to  strengthen and set style with a flexible hold, while enhancing hair’s natural luminosity.

Dove Style+Care Strength & Shine Extra Hold Hairspray with Nutri-Style Complex provides a strong hold that fights frizz and fly-aways while adding body and volume.

Extra Hold Hairspray uses a Euromist spray pump and Flexible Hold Hairspray uses VX 81 valve system with Eurostar actuator, both from Aptar.

Luster Products’ Pink Sheen Spray is a lightweight formula that contains mink oil and wheat germ oil. The product provides long lasting shine while conditioning the hair. It also contains a sunscreen to help protect from harmful and drying effects of the sun. The can is from DS Containers.

Transform any style from day-old to amazing with the new Redken Powder Refresh 01 aerosol hair powder/dry shampoo. It absorbs oil, neutralizes odors and helps extend the life of a blow-dry while leaving hair refreshed. Powder Refresh 01 is the newest addition to Redken’s Style Connection line of unique formulas. The lightweight aerosol spray goes on sheer, making it virtually impossible to over-apply. The colorless formula leaves no residue and buildup and feels neither dry nor wet. It’s a versatile essential that allows for even more days between shampoos, builds a base for updo’s or corrects product over-use in a flash. Powder Refresh 01 comes in a large (3.4 oz) and mini size (1.2oz) to help transform any hairstyle at home or on-the-go.

Batiste Diva Dry Shampoo revitalizes greasy, dull and lifeless hair in between washes with a heady oriental fragrance. It instantly leaves hair feeling clean and full of body. Other scents include Original, Blush, BoHo, Tropical, Professional and Fresh.

In addition to the standard 5.5fl.oz size, new sizes include the larger 6.73fl.oz and 1.6fl.oz On the Go size, designed to fit in a purse for convenience in a can.

Skin care, naturally…
In 2011, skin care sold in U.S. department stores posted double-digit dollar growth of 14% while skin care sold at food/drug/mass channels experienced a 3% increase in sales, according to NPD.

New on the market is Alba Botanica Natural Even Advanced Cleansing Milk, a soap-free milk cleanser that removes any traces of the day. The product uses 100% vegetarian ingredients and features sea lettuce extract to stimulate cell regeneration to produce a more even skin tone. It uses a lotion dispenser supplied by Aptar Beauty + Home.

Molton Brown’s new anti-aging collections promise time-poor women a touch of luxury with a simple regime. Malachite Cleansing Gelle and Pink Toronja Refining Toner were formulated for normal to oily skin. The clinically proven Anti-ageing Hydra-crèmes—such as the Rosa Fruit Anti-aging Hydra-crème for oily skin—help lock in moisture and soften the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles to keep skin looking younger. Other products in the Molton Brown Skincare Collection include Kalahari Melon Cleansing Fluid, Tamarind Fruit Refining Toner, Peruvian Maca Anti-aging Hydra-crème, Creole Grass Anti-ageing Hydra-crème, Vita B3 Eye Concentrate, Pep-rich Lip Booster and Karanja Tree Sunshield.

Nature Scent skin and personal care products from Faran Cosmetic unveiled its latest line of hand creams and body lotions. The new, EcoCert certified products are paraben-free and not tested on animals. Formulated from a blend of organics, with natural essential oils and firming nutrients to hydrate and stimulate the skin, they appeal to consumers seeking an all-natural ingredient experience. The products sport a 75mL Mezzo top fill pump from Mega Airless.

Cosmetic sales increase
In 2011, cosmetics sold in U.S. department stores grew 9% compared with 2010; the U.S. food/drug/mass channel experienced an 8% increase in sales for makeup.

Following the success of Sublime Elixir, Dr. Pierre Ricaud launched its new eye serum Sublime Regarde, a cosmetic product that completes the Essence de Beautè anti-aging line. It rejuvenates the area surrounding the eyes—a fragile and sensitive area that can give the face a tired and prematurely aged look. Sublime Regarde comes in a customized bottle, pump and cap from Lumson.

Revlon PhotoReady Airbrush Mousse Makeup is an air-infused mousse makeup that goes on “light-as-air” while also helping perfect the look of skin. It mimics the results of a sitting in a professional makeup artist’s chair by providing the appearance of a perfectly blended, smooth and poreless complexion at a fraction of the cost. It contains photochromatic pigments that bend and reflect light to minimize flaws in any setting, from indoor fluorescent light to full outdoor sunlight. The whipped texture provides blending and undetectable, breathable coverage The oil-and fragrance-free formula comes in shades of Vanilla, Shell, Nude, Natural Beige, Medium Beige, Golden Beige, Rich Ginger and Caramel. It comes in a container from Exal with a valve from Precision. It’s filled by Precise.

Micas & Minerals
The spray deodorant category—aerosol sprays, nonaerosol sprays and squeeze-bottle sprays—constitutes the largest deodorant market world-wide, according to Euromonitor International. Rising levels of disposable income, better living and hygiene standards in the developing markets of Asia, Latin America and the Middle East are propelling rapid worldwide growth in deodorants. Various fragrances launched over the last few years have enhanced the number of choices available to consumers in terms of brand names, quality and performance.

Asia-Pacific, although a small market, offers substantial growth potential and is expected to have the highest growth rate of about 5%. Sales in that region are also stimulated by introduction of new products from foreign companies, massive advertising of major brands and a high degree of consumer acceptance.

Europe represents a dominant market for deodorants, stimulated by demand from western European countries such as UK, Germany, Italy, France and Spain. The region accounts for the largest share of the worldwide market, which is witnessing growing demand for new delivery formats, such as compact sprays, wipes and creams, which are bringing innovation and expansion opportunities to the maturing European deodorants market.

Two new European launches include Dove Beauty Finish, an aerosol deodorant that includes pearlescent mica, a beauty mineral that, according to the company, is known to enhance the natural appearance of skin and help underarms look good all day long. Pearlescent mica offers a smooth finish, and, coupled with Dove’s 1/4 moisturizing cream, helps the product stay effective and skin-friendly.

Big growth in Chinese beauty sales
According to research conducted by market research company The NPD Group, total prestige beauty in China, increased 21% in 2011, versus 2010 (Prestige constitutes products sold mainly in department stores and Sephora stores in the top 10 cities in the mainland of China). The skincare and makeup categories each showed healthy growth of 23% and 17%, respectively.

In prestige skincare, all the segments (face essence, face moisturizer, face basic care, eye, sun treatment, body, and all others) had steady growth, with face essence (+25%) and moisturizer (+21%) taking the lead by capturing nearly half of skincare sales.

Anti-aging continued drive the market, comprising half of the skincare category sales and posting a robust growth of nearly 27% in 2011, compared to 2010. Hydrating (+19%) and whitening (+15%) skincare also played a big role in category growth.

In prestige makeup, the facial segment captured 59% of the category’s dollar share and increased 18% in dollar sales from 2010. Products that make the face look lighter and smoother, such as foundation and makeup base, led the facial category, up 24 and 30%, respectively.

According to the new report Beauty Retailing Through Direct Sales in Emerging Markets 2011: Channel Analysis and Opportunities from consulting and research firm Kline & Co., beauty sales through the Internet in China have been growing at a rate of nearly 200% since 2006 and are estimated to be worth nearly $8 billion at the retail sales level in 2011, making it the largest Internet beauty
market in the world.

“To put this into perspective, Chinese online beauty sales in 2011 are nearly equal in size to the entire beauty market for France, which is the largest market for cosmetics and toiletries in Europe,” explained Karen Doskow, Industry Manager at Kline. “Furthermore, Chinese Internet beauty sales are nearly nine times larger than the U.S. Internet beauty market.”

“The rapid growth of Internet usage over the past five years has given way to a tremendous surge in sales and availability of local and foreign cosmetic and toiletry brands,” said Li Wang, VP of Kline Asia. “Internet user numbers in China approached 457 million in 2011, up from 137 million in 2006. Online buyers now total some 205 million in 2011.”

Further driving the online phenomenon are “e-malls,” such as Tiantian.com and Alibaba’s Tmall in China, which enable customers to buy from a wide range of domestic and foreign skin care and makeup brands in a convenient one-stop shop.

“We expect the growth of these portals to remain quite robust, driven by continually improving socio-economic dynamic, as well as an increasing appetite for Internet convenience among all consumers,” added Doskow.

According to Kline’s research, the person-to-person model is still dominant in Brazil, the largest BRIC market where players such as Avon and Natura are entrenched. Although the online beauty business is growing, consumers in this market still prefer the personal attention afforded by a consultant.

Garnier Mineral Clean Sensation Deodorant is a double action deodorant that provides effective protection against sweat and odor. It contains an exclusive anti-bacterial ingredient to neutralize the bacteria that cause odors, helping users to feel clean and fresh. Enriched with Mineralite, known for its absorbing qualities, the anti-perspirant formula leaves consumers feeling clean, dry and sweat-free for up to 48 hours. The subtle, pure scent adds to the feeling of freshness.

The Scents of Summer
The global fragrance industry is set for a potential rebound, according to Irina Barbalova, Head of Beauty & Personal Care Research, Euromonitor International. While activity around celebrity launches has escalated
over the past year, the industry may be in need of a more unique innovation approach to return to pre-recession levels of growth.

For suppliers and manufacturers alike, this means finding ways of reaching out to consumers through novel scent combinations and customized offerings, but
also using personalized approaches to marketing and advertising. The return of economic confidence in some of the more vulnerable markets will bring back stronger demand for exclusive, higher quality and luxury niche scents.

The crossover with the fashion industry is becoming increasingly pronounced. Most clothing retailers now have their own scents, such as Guess, who, along with several other marketers, has launched seasonal, summer-themed fragrances.

Guess Seductive Sunkissed is a new, light-weight fragrance that adds a fresh twist to the Guess Seductive EDT. Capturing the carefree spirit of summer, the scent has sparkling top notes of pear, raspberry, pink grapefruit and black current blossom that give way to Brazilian orchid, jasmine and vanilla.

New from Lavanila Laboratories is its limited edition summer scent, Vanilla Summer. The blend of alluring essential oils evokes the calming, soft breeze of the tropics. Fresh mango, juicy pineapple, creamy coconut milk and island sugar cane are steeped in a sultry base of warm Madagascar vanilla, creating a blend that infuses hot summer nights with a whispering, seductive breeze. The all-natural EDP is created using essential oils and vitamin-rich botanicals from all over the world and is packed with a healthy dose of antioxidants.

Inspired by the Pacific Ocean and California lifestyle, CaliBlue from AromaEarth is a new unisex citrus fragrance created specifically to help an important cause. Ten percent of sales from Cali Blue will be used to build fresh water wells in third world countries. Cali Blue has citrus top notes of lemon, orange mandarin and bergamot. These come together with a floral bouquet of lily, lavender, rose and a whisper of night blooming jasmine in the middle. Bottom layers of amber, vanilla and musky sage finish off the beachy aroma. The perfume juice is a bright blue to mimic the color of the ocean.

According to a new study, Men’s Grooming Consumer Report conducted by The NPD Group, over 90% of men (ages 18+) are using some sort of grooming product today, which can include facial and body skincare, shaving, hair care, and fragrance. For guys who like to suds up in the shower, Dial for Men launched Speed Foam, a gel-to-foam body wash. Each can contains 40 washes using a self-foaming gel that helps men get lathered up and rinsed clean “without loofahs, sandpaper or power tools.” Scents include Active Sport, Ultra Clean and Arctic Refresh.

For Windshield Washer Fluid, the Type A areas will be expanded. This means high VOC content ready to use Windshield Washer Fluid will be available in more places in California. This is a big move for the staff. The emission reductions from this category were in place a long time ago.

For Paint Thinner and Multi-purpose solvent, staff will be looking for ways to modify the regulation to prevent perceived circumvention of the rule. These categories have also been regulated by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). Currently, in both regulations there is a category for Industrial Maintenance Thinner that does not have a VOC limit. CARB will likely try to modify this definition. If there is a legal definition and the product meets the definition, how is this circumvention?

In addition, CARB will review the Low Vapor Pressure (LVP) exemption. LVPs have been in Consumer Products for 20 years. CARB has repeatedly defended this exemption. The industry needs to be aware of this and be prepared to defend this LVP exemption. Without LVPs, most of the limits for the product categories would not be technologically feasible. If CARB removes the LVP exemption from these categories, how long before other categories are targeted. This is a very slippery slope. The first workshop will be held in July in  Sacramento, CA. Make sure you are paying very close attention to this regulatory action, as it could set the Industry back decades.

The Board action on LVPs could be as early as this fall—this is a very important issue.

EPA
The Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA), an environmental group, petitioned the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to remove HFC-134a from the list of acceptable substitutes for any ozone depleting substances (ODS) under EPA’s Significant New Alterations Policy (SNAP) on Apr. 26, 2012. Remember, two years ago EIA, the National Resources Defense Council and the Institute for Governance & Sustainability submitted a petition on the same thing. EPA determined in February 2011 to remove HFC-134a as an approved substitute for motor vehicle air conditioning systems. EPA requested additional information on other uses. Until now other data had not been submitted.

The EIA letter is six pages long and requests EPA to ban almost all uses of HFC-134a, including uses in aerosols for dusters, tire inflators, solvent sprays and other aerosol uses. EIA does state “HFC-134a should only be used in aerosol applications where there is no other safe, practical, economic or environmentally acceptable alternatives….” EIA state metered dose inhalers as an example. Again, dusters and tire inflators are specifically detailed in the letter.

Next, we will wait for EPA to provide an announcement and ask for public comment. We should begin now forming our arguments for preserving essential uses of HFC-134a.

Green Chemistry
California’s Green Chemistry Rule—called the Safer Consumer Products rule—should be released for comment some time in June. This is the rule that has approximately 3,000 chemicals that the agency could regulate. Substantial comments were made on the informed draft rule. It will be interesting to see
how many comments the agency addresses.

If there was one thing I heard more than any other last month it was “sustainability,” “Green” and “naturals. Indeed, the Consumer Specialty Product’s Association’s entire Mid-Year Meeting was dedicated to the theme of “Sustainability Driving Future Consumers, Future Markets.” Well, you say, this is nothing new—this is something we’ve been hearing about for almost a decade now, so what?

What I believe the difference was this year is that much was made of implementation and success, rather than projections, as in “we need to start doing this” and “consumers are beginning to demand that.” For instance, talking to suppliers at the New York Society of Cosmetic Chemist’s Supplier Day, many explained that their latest innovative ingredient made skin or hair or nails softer or stronger or harder (as it were), and by the way, their new chemical is compatible with most organic or Green or “natural” formulations.
Companies were proud of it, happy to talk about their organic- or sustainability compatible ingredient, but no longer was this singled out as the most important factor. “Green” ingredients are becoming mainstreamed, and I for one, am happy to hear it.

It was much the same at Luxe Pack New York. Not one seminar focused on sustainable packaging exclusively, yet at almost every discussion I attended, it was discussed as a matter of course. There’s no going back now, “Green” is here to stay, even in the most unlikely of places.

For instance, Organic Monitor reports there is healthy growth in the Middle-Eastern market for natural cosmetics in spite of political instability and social unrest; this particular study finds affluent consumers and tourists generate most demand for natural and organic cosmetics in the region as product penetration is increasing in pharmacies, beauty retailers and department stores.

Organic Monitor also estimated that global sales of natural and organic beauty products reached an estimated $9 billion last year and predicts revenues to climb to $14 billion in 2015. These products have 2% share of global personal care product sales, but in some countries—such as the U.S., Germany and Austria—the market share is reaching 10%. Companies are entering the naturals arena either through acquisition or through development of their own lines. Private labels are also becoming prominent for natural personal care products. They are most successful in Germany, where they comprise about 20% of natural personal care product sales.

Research firm Kline & Co. indicates that more mass market brands are recognizing the vitality and viability of the naturals segment; by increasing the channels of distribution and allowing consumers easier access to natural products will ultimately contribute to
the segment’s growth.

“Natural personal care is not a fad, but a genuine movement that’s manifesting itself in ever diverse product applications,” said Kline’s Consumer Industry Manager Nancy Mills. “The consumer is better educated, and this can serve the marketer well, particularly as credible certification standards are being implemented and recognized.”

Three or four years ago, I was skeptical about the future of Green products and packaging, thinking it indeed may be a “fad,” but I’ve seen firsthand that our industry is not only capable of creating new brands, but of reinventing them more holistically, from ingredients and formulations to packaging and advertising.

Ava Caridad, Editor